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interlinearVerse INT GEN EXO LEV NUM DEU JOB JOS JDG RUTH 1SA 2SA PSA AMOS HOS 1KI 2KI 1CH 2CH PRO ECC SNG JOEL MIC ISA ZEP HAB JER LAM YNA NAH OBA DAN EZE EZRA EST NEH HAG ZEC MAL YHN MARK MAT LUKE ACTs YAC GAL 1TH 2TH 1COR 2COR ROM COL PHM EPH PHP 1TIM TIT 1PET 2PET 2TIM HEB YUD 1YHN 2YHN 3YHN REV
OET (OET-LV) [he_is]_rebuking in/on/at/with_sea and_makes_dry_it and_all the_rivers he_dries_up Bāshān it_languishes and_Karmel/(Carmel) and_blossoms_of Ləⱱānōn it_languishes.
OET (OET-RV) He scolds the ocean and makes it sand.
⇔ ≈He dries up all the rivers.
⇔ Bashan and Karmel wither up.
⇔ ≈He makes the flowers wilt in Lebanon.
Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor
גּוֹעֵ֤ר
rebukes
The author says that Yahweh rebukes the sea as if Yahweh were scolding the sea as one might scold a person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [He chastises]
Note 2 topic: translate-names
וְכַרְמֶ֔ל
and,Carmel
Carmel is the name of a mountain. If your readers would not be familiar with this place, you could include an explanation. Alternate translation: [also Mount Carmel]
Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / ellipsis
וְכַרְמֶ֔ל
and,Carmel
The author is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You could supply “withers” from earlier in the sentence if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: [the plants growing on Mount Carmel wither]
Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit
אֻמְלַ֤ל בָּשָׁן֙
wither Bāshān
Nahum assumes that his readers will understand that Bashan refers to a region with which they would be familiar, and more specifically, refers to the plantlife growing there. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “The plants growing at Bashan wither]
1:4 Like clouds (1:3) and mountains (1:5), oceans and rivers are under God’s sovereign control. The Old Testament prophets often recall God’s actions against the seas and rivers during the Exodus (Exod 15:8-10; 2 Sam 22:16; Pss 66:6; 77:16; Hab 3:15). God’s power over the waters repudiated the mythology of the ancient Canaanites, who believed that the oceans and the rivers were under the control of the sea-god, Yam.
• Bashan, situated east of the Sea of Galilee, was known for its rich pastureland, ideal for raising cattle (cp. Mic 7:14).
• Carmel, on the Mediterranean coast in central Canaan, was noted for its beauty and fruitfulness (Song 7:5; Jer 50:19).
• Lebanon was famed for its great cedars (1 Kgs 5:6-18). Nahum lists these areas to demonstrate that even the most fertile and productive places on earth cannot withstand the power of God’s judgment.
OET (OET-LV) [he_is]_rebuking in/on/at/with_sea and_makes_dry_it and_all the_rivers he_dries_up Bāshān it_languishes and_Karmel/(Carmel) and_blossoms_of Ləⱱānōn it_languishes.
OET (OET-RV) He scolds the ocean and makes it sand.
⇔ ≈He dries up all the rivers.
⇔ Bashan and Karmel wither up.
⇔ ≈He makes the flowers wilt in Lebanon.
Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.
Acknowledgements: The Hebrew text, lemmas, and morphology are all thanks to the OSHB and some of the glosses are from Macula Hebrew.