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interlinearVerse INT GEN EXO LEV NUM DEU JOS JDG RUTH 1SA 2SA 1KI 2KI 1CH 2CH EZRA NEH EST JOB PSA PRO ECC SNG ISA JER LAM EZE DAN HOS JOEL AMOS OBA YNA MIC NAH HAB ZEP HAG ZEC MAL YHN MARK MAT LUKE ACTs ROM 1COR 2COR GAL EPH PHP COL 1TH 2TH 1TIM 2TIM TIT PHM HEB YAC 1PET 2PET 1YHN 2YHN 3YHN YUD REV
OET (OET-LV) Be_earnest to_come before winter.
Euboulos is_greeting you, and Poudaʸs, and Linos, and Klaudia, and all the brothers.
OET (OET-RV) Make sure you come before the winter. Eubulus greets you, as do Pudens, Linus, Claudia, and all the believers.
σπούδασον & ἐλθεῖν
be_earnest & /to/_come
Alternate translation: “Do your best to come”
Note 1 topic: translate-unknown
πρὸ χειμῶνος
before winter
Where Paul and Timothy lived, winter is the time of year when it is cold and travel is difficult. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a term for a season in which it would be difficult to travel, or you could translate winter with a general expression. Alternate translation: “before the rainy season” or “before the cold season”
ἀσπάζεταί σε Εὔβουλος, καὶ Πούδης, καὶ Λίνος, καὶ Κλαυδία, καὶ οἱ ἀδελφοὶ
/is/_greeting you Eubulus and Pudens and Linus and Claudia and the brothers
As was customary in his culture, near the end of his letter, Paul extends greetings from people who are with him and who know the person to whom he is writing, Timothy. Your language may have a particular way of sharing greetings in a letter. If so, you could use that form here. Alternate translation: “Eubulus asks to be remembered to you, and Pudens and Linus and Claudia and the brothers” or “Eubulus and Pudens and Linus and Claudia and the brothers send their regards”
Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / ellipsis
ἀσπάζεταί σε Εὔβουλος, καὶ Πούδης, καὶ Λίνος, καὶ Κλαυδία, καὶ οἱ ἀδελφοὶ
/is/_greeting you Eubulus and Pudens and Linus and Claudia and the brothers
Paul is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from earlier in the sentence if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “Eubulus greets you, and so do Pudens and Linus and Claudia and the brothers”
Note 3 topic: translate-names
Εὔβουλος & Πούδης & Λίνος
Eubulus & Pudens & Linus
The words Eubulus, Pudens, and Linus are the names of three men.
Note 4 topic: translate-names
Κλαυδία
Claudia
The word Claudia is the name of a woman.
Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit
οἱ ἀδελφοὶ
the brothers
Here Paul refers to the brothers to include all the other believers who wanted to greet Timothy. Paul does not mean that Eubulus, Pudens, Linus, and Claudia are not brothers. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “the other brothers”
Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor
οἱ ἀδελφοὶ
the brothers
Paul is using the term brothers to mean people who share the same faith. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the believers”
Note 7 topic: figures-of-speech / gendernotations
οἱ ἀδελφοὶ
the brothers
Although the term brothers is masculine, Paul is using the word in a generic sense that includes both men and women. If you retain the metaphor in your translation, and if it would be helpful in your language, you could say “brothers and sisters” to indicate this.
4:21 before winter: Paul was probably concerned there would be an extended delay if Timothy missed this chance to travel in the fall (see 1:4; 4:9). Winter closed travel across the Adriatic Sea from November to March (see Acts 27:12). Paul might also have been concerned to receive his coat (2 Tim 4:13) for the unheated prison. Eubulus is not mentioned elsewhere in the New Testament, but he was obviously well known to Timothy.
• Pudens was a name used in upper class families.
• Eusebius and Irenaeus later identified Linus as the first bishop of Rome.
• Claudia is not mentioned elsewhere in the New Testament.
• brothers and sisters: Greek adelphoi, a generic term that refers to members of the same family, both male and female.
OET (OET-LV) Be_earnest to_come before winter.
Euboulos is_greeting you, and Poudaʸs, and Linos, and Klaudia, and all the brothers.
OET (OET-RV) Make sure you come before the winter. Eubulus greets you, as do Pudens, Linus, Claudia, and all the believers.
Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Greek words that they’re translated from.
Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the SR-GNT.