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Key: khaki:verbs.
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BrLXXΚαὶ ἔλαβεν Ἁνὰν τοὺς παῖδας Ααυὶδ, καὶ ἐξύρησεν αὐτοὺς, καὶ ἀφεῖλε τῶν μανδυῶν αὐτῶν τὸ ἥμισυ ἕως τῆς ἀναβολῆς, καὶ ἀπέστειλεν αὐτούς. (Kai elaben Hanan tous paidas Aʼawid, kai exuraʸsen autous, kai afeile tōn manduōn autōn to haʸmisu heōs taʸs anabolaʸs, kai apesteilen autous. )
BrTrAnd Anan took the servants of David, and shaved them, and cut off the half of their garments as far as their tunic, and sent them away.
ULTAnd Hanun took the servants of David, and he shaved them, and he cut their garments in half, until the buttocks, and he sent them away.
USTHanun believed what the leaders said; so he commanded some soldiers to seize David’s officials. Hanun’s soldiers insulted the officials by shaving off their beards and cutting off the lower part of their robes. Then Hanun sent David’s officials away.
BSB § So Hanun took David’s servants, shaved their beards, cut off their garments at the hips, and sent them away.
NETSo Hanun seized David’s servants and shaved their beards off. He cut off the lower part of their robes so that their buttocks were exposed and then sent them away.
LSVAnd Hanun takes the servants of David and shaves them, and cuts their long robes in the midst, to the buttocks, and sends them away.
FBVSo Hanun detained David's ambassadors and had them shaved, and their robes cut off at the buttocks.[fn] Then he sent them back.
19:4To humiliate and shame them, and to send a message of defiance back to David.
T4THanun believed what they said, so he commanded some soldiers to seize the officials whom David had sent, and shave off their beards, and insult them by cutting off the lower part of their robes, and then send them away. So his soldiers did that.
LEBSo Hanun took the servants of David and shaved them and cut off their garments at the middle, up to the buttocks, and sent them away.
BBESo Hanun took David's servants, and cutting off their hair and the skirts of their robes up to the middle, sent them away.
JPSSo Hanun took David's servants, and shaved them, and cut off their garments in the middle, even to their hips, and sent them away.
ASVSo Hanun took David’s servants, and shaved them, and cut off their garments in the middle, even to their buttocks, and sent them away.
DRAWherefore Hanon shaved the heads and beards of the servants of David, and cut away their garments from the buttocks to the feet, and sent them away.
YLTAnd Hanun taketh the servants of David, and shaveth them, and cutteth their long robes in the midst, unto the buttocks, and sendeth them away.
DrbyAnd Hanun took David's servants, and had them shaved, and their raiment cut off in the midst, as far as the hip, and sent them away.
RVSo Hanun took David’s servants, and shaved them, and cut off their garments in the middle, even to their buttocks, and sent them away.
WbstrWherefore Hanun took David's servants, and shaved them, and cut off their garments in the midst hard by their buttocks, and sent them away.
KJB-1769Wherefore Hanun took David’s servants, and shaved them, and cut off their garments in the midst hard by their buttocks, and sent them away.
KJB-1611Wherefore Hanun tooke Dauids seruants, and shaued them, and cut off their garments in the middest, hard by their buttockes, and sent them away. (Wherefore Hanun took Davids servants, and shaved them, and cut off their garments in the middest, hard by their buttocks, and sent them away.)
BshpsWherefore Hanon toke Dauids seruauntes, and shaued them, and cut of their coates harde by their buttockes, & sent them away. (Wherefore Hanon took Davids servants, and shaved them, and cut of their coats hard by their buttocks, and sent them away.)
GnvaWherefore Hanun tooke Dauids seruants, and shaued them, and cut off their garments by the halfe vnto the buttocks, and sent them away. (Wherefore Hanun took Davids servants, and shaved them, and cut off their garments by the half unto the buttocks, and sent them away. )
CvdlThen toke Hanun the seruauntes of Dauid, and shoue them, & cut the halfe of their garmentes of, eue by the loynes, & so let the go. (Then took Hanun the servants of David, and shoue them, and cut the half of their garments of, eue by the loins, and so let the go.)
WyclTherfor Anoon made ballid and schauyde the children of Dauid, and kittide the cootis of hem fro the buttokis of hem til to the feet; and lefte hem. (Therefore Anoon made ballid and schauyde the children of David, and kittide the coats of them from the buttokis of them till to the feet; and left them.)
LuthDa nahm Hanon die Knechte Davids und beschor sie und schnitt ihre Kleider halb ab bis an die Lenden; und ließ sie gehen. (So took Hanon the servant(s) Davids and beschor they/she/them and schnitt their/her clothes halb ab until at the Lenden; and let they/she/them go.)
ClVgIgitur Hanon pueros David decalvavit, et rasit, et præcidit tunicas eorum a natibus usque ad pedes, et dimisit eos. (Igitur Hanon pueros David decalvavit, and rasit, and præcidit tunicas their from natibus until to pedes, and dimisit them. )
19:1-7 The new Ammonite ruler, Hanun, took exception to Israel’s presence so close to his nation. The Ammonites hired Aramean armies from the north, and these combined forces assembled at Medeba to challenge David’s control of Moab’s plateau.
(Some words not found in UHB: and=he/it_took Ḩānūn DOM servants Dāvid's and,shaved,them and,cut_off DOM garments,their in/on/at/with,middle until the,hips and,sent_~_away,them )
Hanun did not do this personally, but ordered his men to do it. Alternate translation: “So Hanun’s men seized”
(Occurrence 0) their garments
(Some words not found in UHB: and=he/it_took Ḩānūn DOM servants Dāvid's and,shaved,them and,cut_off DOM garments,their in/on/at/with,middle until the,hips and,sent_~_away,them )
2 Samuel 8:1-8; 10:1-19; 12:21-31; 1 Chronicles 18:2-11; 19:1-19; 20:1-3
The accounts of David’s greatest military victories stand like bookends around the record of David’s most grievous sins. Sometime after David brought the Ark of the Covenant into Jerusalem and the Lord promised to establish his dynasty over Israel, David achieved a series of victories over virtually all of Israel’s neighboring nations. These began with David’s capture of Metheg-ammah (likely Gath) and all of Philistia and was followed by his victory over Moab. Then Nahash king of Ammon died, and David sent envoys to express his condolences to Nahash’s son Hanun, who had now become king. Hanun, however, intentionally humiliated David’s envoys, shaving off half their beards and cutting off the bottom half of their garments before sending them back to Israel. When David heard of it, he sent word to his envoys to remain at Jericho until their beards grew back. In the meantime, the Ammonites called upon several Aramean nations to help them fight against Israel, which was likely their original intent for humiliating David’s envoys. Warriors came from Beth-rehob and Zobah, which lay between Israel and Hamath farther north, as well as from Maacah (see “Geshur and Maacah” map) and Tob. The writer of 1 Chronicles also notes that soldiers came from Mesopotamia as well. David sent his commander Joab to fight this coalition at Rabbah. The writer of 1 Chronicles consistently speaks of the battle occurring at Medeba, rather than Rabbah, but the town of Medeba south of Heshbon seems an unlikely location for the battle. Perhaps Rabbah was also referred to at times as Medeba. In any case, Joab and his brother Abishai divided their forces into two groups, with Joab leading the fight against the Arameans to the north and Abishai leading the fight against the Ammonites just outside the gates of Rabbah. As Joab advanced, the Arameans fled, which in turn led the Ammonites to retreat behind the walls of Rabbah. After this Joab (and probably his forces) returned home to Israel. But the Arameans regrouped and added more troops from Aramean nations beyond the Euphrates River. David met them in battle at Helam (likely modern Alma) and won a great victory over them, even killing their commander Shobah (or Shophach). After this the Arameans made peace with Israel. Sometime later David also subjugated the Edomites, who lived to the south of Moab. It was likely sometime after this that David engaged in adultery with the wife of Uriah, one of his own valiant warriors (see “David’s Mighty Men” map), and then he tried to cover up his sin by arranging for Uriah’s death in battle. His sin was later exposed by Nathan the prophet, and David repented. After this Joab returned to Rabbah to finish capturing the city, and when victory was close at hand he called for David to come and finish taking the city. Thus the Ammonites became subject to Israel as well. From all these conquered nations David took many spoils and dedicated them to the Lord’s service, including great amounts of bronze from the towns of Tebah (also called Betah and Tibhath), Berothai, and Cun.
2 Samuel 8:1-8; 10:1-19; 12:21-31; 1 Chronicles 18:2-11; 19:1-19; 20:1-3
The accounts of David’s greatest military victories stand like bookends around the record of David’s most grievous sins. Sometime after David brought the Ark of the Covenant into Jerusalem and the Lord promised to establish his dynasty over Israel, David achieved a series of victories over virtually all of Israel’s neighboring nations. These began with David’s capture of Metheg-ammah (likely Gath) and all of Philistia and was followed by his victory over Moab. Then Nahash king of Ammon died, and David sent envoys to express his condolences to Nahash’s son Hanun, who had now become king. Hanun, however, intentionally humiliated David’s envoys, shaving off half their beards and cutting off the bottom half of their garments before sending them back to Israel. When David heard of it, he sent word to his envoys to remain at Jericho until their beards grew back. In the meantime, the Ammonites called upon several Aramean nations to help them fight against Israel, which was likely their original intent for humiliating David’s envoys. Warriors came from Beth-rehob and Zobah, which lay between Israel and Hamath farther north, as well as from Maacah (see “Geshur and Maacah” map) and Tob. The writer of 1 Chronicles also notes that soldiers came from Mesopotamia as well. David sent his commander Joab to fight this coalition at Rabbah. The writer of 1 Chronicles consistently speaks of the battle occurring at Medeba, rather than Rabbah, but the town of Medeba south of Heshbon seems an unlikely location for the battle. Perhaps Rabbah was also referred to at times as Medeba. In any case, Joab and his brother Abishai divided their forces into two groups, with Joab leading the fight against the Arameans to the north and Abishai leading the fight against the Ammonites just outside the gates of Rabbah. As Joab advanced, the Arameans fled, which in turn led the Ammonites to retreat behind the walls of Rabbah. After this Joab (and probably his forces) returned home to Israel. But the Arameans regrouped and added more troops from Aramean nations beyond the Euphrates River. David met them in battle at Helam (likely modern Alma) and won a great victory over them, even killing their commander Shobah (or Shophach). After this the Arameans made peace with Israel. Sometime later David also subjugated the Edomites, who lived to the south of Moab. It was likely sometime after this that David engaged in adultery with the wife of Uriah, one of his own valiant warriors (see “David’s Mighty Men” map), and then he tried to cover up his sin by arranging for Uriah’s death in battle. His sin was later exposed by Nathan the prophet, and David repented. After this Joab returned to Rabbah to finish capturing the city, and when victory was close at hand he called for David to come and finish taking the city. Thus the Ammonites became subject to Israel as well. From all these conquered nations David took many spoils and dedicated them to the Lord’s service, including great amounts of bronze from the towns of Tebah (also called Betah and Tibhath), Berothai, and Cun.
