HEB 3:13 Interlinear View

1. Greek word
2. Greek lemma
3. OET-LV words
4. OET-RV words
5. Strongs
6. Role/Morphology
7. OET Gloss
8. VLT Gloss
9. CAPS codes
10. Confidence
11. OET tags
12. OET word #
1. Ἀλλά
2. alla
3. But
4. -
5. 2350
6. C·······
7. but
8. but
9. S
10. Y64
11. 141785
1. παρακαλεῖτε
2. parakaleō
3. be exhorting
4. -
5. 38700
6. VMPA2··P
7. ˓be˒ exhorting
8. ˓be˒ exhorting
9. -
10. Y64; R141770
11. 141786
1. παρακαλέσατε
2. parakaleō
3. -
4. -
5. 38700
6. VMAA2··P
7. exhort
8. exhort
9. -
10. -
11. 141787
1. ἑαυτούς
2. heautou
3. yourselves
4. yourselves
5. 14380
6. R···2AMP
7. yourselves
8. yourselves
9. -
10. Y64
11. 141788
1. καθʼ
2. kata
3. throughout
4. throughout
5. 25960
6. P·······
7. throughout
8. throughout
9. -
10. Y64
11. 141789
1. ἑκάστην
2. hekastos
3. each
4. -
5. 15380
6. E····AFS
7. each
8. each
9. -
10. Y64
11. 141790
1. ἡμέραν
2. hēmera
3. day
4. -
5. 22500
6. N····AFS
7. day
8. day
9. -
10. Y64; F141796
11. 141791
1. ἄχρις
2. aχri
3. until
4. -
5. 8910
6. P·······
7. until
8. until
9. -
10. Y64
11. 141792
1. οὗ
2. hos
3. of which
4. that
5. 37390
6. R····GNS
7. ˱of˲ which
8. ˱of˲ which
9. -
10. Y64
11. 141793
1. τό
2. ho
3. which
4. -
5. 35880
6. R····NNS
7. ¬which
8. ¬which
9. -
10. Y64
11. 141794
1. Σήμερον
2. sēmeron
3. today
4. ‘today
5. 45940
6. D·······
7. today
8. today
9. ne
10. Y64
11. 141795
1. καλεῖται
2. kaleō
3. it is being called
4. called
5. 25640
6. VIPP3··S
7. ˱it˲ ˓is_being˒ called
8. ˱it˲ ˓is_being˒ called
9. -
10. Y64; R141791
11. 141796
1. ἵνα
2. hina
3. in order that
4. -
5. 24430
6. C·······
7. in_order_that
8. in_order_that
9. -
10. Y64
11. 141797
1. μή
2. mē
3. not
4. won't
5. 33610
6. D·······
7. not
8. not
9. -
10. Y64
11. 141798
1. σκληρυνθῇ
2. sklērunō
3. may be hardened
4. hardened
5. 46450
6. VSAP3··S
7. ˓may_be˒ hardened
8. ˓may_be˒ hardened
9. -
10. Y64
11. 141799
1. τὶς
2. tis
3. someone
4. -
5. 51000
6. R····NMS
7. someone
8. someone
9. -
10. Y64
11. 141800
1. ἐξ
2. ek
3. of
4. -
5. 15370
6. P·······
7. of
8. of
9. -
10. Y64
11. 141801
1. ὑμῶν
2. su
3. you all
4. -
5. 47710
6. R···2G·P
7. you_all
8. you_all
9. -
10. Y64; R141770
11. 141802
1. τὶς
2. tis
3. -
4. -
5. 51000
6. R····NMS
7. someone
8. someone
9. -
10. -
11. 141803
1. ἀπάτῃ
2. apatē
3. by +the seduction
4. seduction
5. 5390
6. N····DFS
7. ˱by˲ ˓the˒ seduction
8. ˱by˲ ˓the˒ seduction
9. -
10. Y64
11. 141804
1. τῆς
2. ho
3. the
4. -
5. 35880
6. E····GFS
7. ¬the
8. ¬the
9. -
10. Y64
11. 141805
1. τῇ
2. ho
3. -
4. -
5. 35880
6. E····DFS
7. ¬the
8. ¬the
9. -
10. -
11. 141806
1. ἁμαρτίας
2. hamartia
3. of sin
4. -
5. 2660
6. N····GFS
7. ˱of˲ sin
8. ˱of˲ sin
9. -
10. Y64
11. 141807
1. ἁμαρτίᾳ
2. hamartia
3. -
4. -
5. 2660
6. N····DFS
7. sin
8. sin
9. -
10. -
11. 141808

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 3:7–19: Warning: Do not reject God’s offer of rest

In the earlier sections of Hebrews the author showed that Jesus was greater than both the angels and Moses. In 2:1–4 he gave a first warning not to refuse the message which Jesus brought. Here in 3:7–19 he gave a second warning not to refuse Jesus’ message, especially the “rest” that God offers through Jesus. The author quoted from Psalm 95, which says that God wanted to give the people of Israel a land where they could have rest from their enemies. When they were slaves in Egypt, he sent Moses to lead them to that land, but they rebelled against God in the wilderness. Then God did not allow them to enter the land of rest.

It is often difficult to decide how to translate “rest” in this section and in chapter 4. Psalm 95 and Hebrews do refer to the time when Moses was alive and God promised to give the people of Israel land. However, King David was already in that land when he wrote the psalm, so the “rest” could not refer to the land. It refers to a different type of “rest.” That rest is a way of trusting God and depending on him for everything. We especially trust him to save us from our sins and give us eternal life. Because of the rest that God gives, we can have peace even when we suffer.

Be careful not to imply that the rest that God promises his people today is a certain place or land. Some scholars believe that the rest refers to heaven. It is true that we will have perfect rest in heaven, but Hebrews indicates that the rest that God provides for us begins on earth when we trust in Jesus.

Some other headings for this section are:

Rest for God’s People

Warning Against Unbelief (NIV)

We Must Continue to Follow/Obey God

Scholars differ about where to end this warning section. Some scholars end the warning at 3:19. Others make the warning section continue to 4:13. In these notes, 3:19 is the end of this second warning section, and the following section is 4:1–13.

Paragraph 3:12–15

In this paragraph the author told his readers and listeners how they should apply the quotation in 3:7b–11 to themselves. Just as God warned the people of Israel to be careful not to turn away from him, the Hebrews should also be careful. They should not refuse to believe what God said, as the Israelites did.

3:13a

But exhort one another daily,

But/Rather caution^(plur) each other every day
Instead, each day you^(plur) should help/warn one another

But: The word But introduces what believers should do in contrast to what the author warned believers not to do in 3:12. Instead of turning away from God and not believing him, they must encourage each other every day to keep away from sin and unbelief. Some other ways to translate this connection are:

Instead (GNT)

Rather (REB)

In some languages no conjunction is needed. For example:

You must warn each other (NLT)

exhort one another daily: This clause tells what believers should do (in contrast to refusing to trust the Lord in 3:12). Believers should encourage each other to continue to trust in God. The Greek verb which the BSB translates as exhort occurs frequently in the NT.parakaleō is a frequent verb in New Testament Greek and has different sets of meanings depending on the context: (1) call for (help), ask, beg; (2) exhort, urge; and (3) encourage, comfort.

Some other ways to translate this clause are:

Encourage each other every day (GW)

Every day strengthen/advise each other

In some languages it may not be natural to use a word like “encourage” or exhort when telling people what they should not do. If that is true in your language, use a word that is natural for this context. For example:

You must warn each other every day (NLT)

What you should do daily until our days are used up is to admonish one anotherKankanaey back translation on TW.

3:13b

as long as it is called today,

while it is still what the Scripture calls “Today.”
while you^(plur) still have the opportunity that God’s book calls “Today,”

as long as it is called today: The clause as long as it is called today is a figure of speech. It refers to this present time period while people still have the opportunity to hear God’s voice and obey him, as the quotation of the psalm in 3:7b said (“Today, if you hear his voice, do not harden your hearts”). When the time ends and they have not obeyed him, God will punish them, as he punished the Israelites who disobeyed him.

This special meaning of the word today is discussed more fully in chapter 4.

Some other ways to translate 3:13b are:

While you are still living in the time that is called “today”Uma back translation on TW.

while you have the opportunity (GW)

3:13c

so that none of you may be hardened by sin’s deceitfulness.

Do not let sin deceive any of you^(plur) and make you obstinate/stubborn.
so that you^(plur) will not become deceived/confused by sinning and then refuse to obey God.

so that: The conjunction that the BSB translates as so that introduces the purpose for encouraging one another (3:13a). The purpose of encouraging one another is so that sin will not harden any of the readers.

none of you may be hardened by sin’s deceitfulness: This clause refers back to the quotation in 3:7–11. It is similar to the phrase “Do not harden your hearts” in 3:8a. Here the warning is even more explicit. It indicates that if the people continue to sin, the sin will deceive them and they will not be able to know the truth. The phrase may be hardened indicates that they may become stubborn and refuse to listen to God (as the Israelites did in the wilderness).

Some other ways to translate this purpose clause are:

If you do this, none of you will be deceived by sin and become stubborn. (GW)

so that none of you will be deceived by sin to the point that your hearts cannot understand/obey what God says

you: The pronoun you is plural and refers to all the readers and hearers of Hebrews.

be hardened: The phrase be hardened is a figure of speech. It refers to becoming stubborn and refusing to listen to God. In some languages there may be a figure of speech to describe this. For example:

make your minds numb/insensitive

so that our breaths might not become hard

sin’s deceitfulness: The phrase sin’s deceitfulness is figurative. It means “sin that deceives.” It indicates that when a person sins (especially when he continues to sin for some time), the sins cause him to be unable to understand the truth. He believes what is not true. Some other ways to translate this phrase are:

your sinning causes you to believe lies

you sin and become deceived/confused

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: writing-quotations

ἄχρις οὗ, τὸ σήμερον, καλεῖται

until ˱of˲_which (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ἀλλά παρακαλεῖτε ἑαυτούς καθʼ ἑκάστην ἡμέραν ἄχρις οὗ τό Σήμερον καλεῖται ἵνα μή σκληρυνθῇ τὶς ἐξ ὑμῶν ἀπάτῃ τῆς ἁμαρτίας)

The author refers to today in such a way that the audience would know that he was referring to how the quotation used the word today (See: [3:7](../03/07.md)). Use a form in your language that shows that the author is referring back to the quotation. Alternate translation: [as long as it is called “today,” as the psalmist wrote,]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

ἄχρις οὗ, τὸ σήμερον, καλεῖται

The author speaks about a time that we call today. We call every day today, so this phrase means that we should exhort one another all the time. However, since the author of Hebrews uses today because the author of the quotation used it, make sure that you use the same words that you used to translate today in [3:7](../03/07.md). Alternate translation: [as long as we live in the time that we call “this day”]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

μὴ σκληρυνθῇ τις ἐξ ὑμῶν ἀπάτῃ τῆς ἁμαρτίας

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ἀλλά παρακαλεῖτε ἑαυτούς καθʼ ἑκάστην ἡμέραν ἄχρις οὗ τό Σήμερον καλεῖται ἵνα μή σκληρυνθῇ τὶς ἐξ ὑμῶν ἀπάτῃ τῆς ἁμαρτίας)

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. The author uses the passive form here to focus on those who are hardened rather than on what does the hardening. Alternate translation: [the deceitfulness of sin hardens no one among you]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

σκληρυνθῇ & ἀπάτῃ τῆς ἁμαρτίας

˓may_be˒_hardened & ˱by˲_˓the˒_seduction ¬the ˱of˲_sin

The author speaks of becoming stubborn or unwilling to obey or trust in God as if the person were hardened. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [becomes stubborn because of the deceitfulness of sin] or [stops trusting God because of the deceitfulness of sin]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / possession

ἀπάτῃ τῆς ἁμαρτίας

˱by˲_˓the˒_seduction ¬the ˱of˲_sin

The author uses the possessive form to characterize sin as something that has deceitfulness. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea more naturally. Alternate translation: [by sin deceiving you] or [by the way that sin deceives]

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

ἀπάτῃ τῆς ἁμαρτίας

˱by˲_˓the˒_seduction ¬the ˱of˲_sin

If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of deceitfulness, you could express the idea by using a verb such as “deceive” or an adjective such as “deceitful.” Alternate translation: [by how sin deceives] or [by deceitful sin]

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

1. OET-LV words
2. OET-RV words
3. Strongs
4. Greek word
5. Greek lemma
6. Role/Morphology
7. OET Gloss
8. VLT Gloss
9. CAPS codes
10. Confidence
11. OET tags
12. OET word #
1. But
2. -
3. 2350
4. S
5. alla
6. C-·······
7. but
8. but
9. S
10. Y64
11. 141785
1. be exhorting
2. -
3. 38700
5. parakaleō
6. V-MPA2··P
7. ˓be˒ exhorting
8. ˓be˒ exhorting
9. -
10. Y64; R141770
11. 141786
1. yourselves
2. yourselves
3. 14380
5. heautou
6. R-···2AMP
7. yourselves
8. yourselves
9. -
10. Y64
11. 141788
1. throughout
2. throughout
3. 25960
5. kata
6. P-·······
7. throughout
8. throughout
9. -
10. Y64
11. 141789
1. each
2. -
3. 15380
5. hekastos
6. E-····AFS
7. each
8. each
9. -
10. Y64
11. 141790
1. day
2. -
3. 22500
5. hēmera
6. N-····AFS
7. day
8. day
9. -
10. Y64; F141796
11. 141791
1. until
2. -
3. 8910
5. aχri
6. P-·······
7. until
8. until
9. -
10. Y64
11. 141792
1. of which
2. that
3. 37390
5. hos
6. R-····GNS
7. ˱of˲ which
8. ˱of˲ which
9. -
10. Y64
11. 141793
1. which
2. -
3. 35880
5. ho
6. R-····NNS
7. ¬which
8. ¬which
9. -
10. Y64
11. 141794
1. today
2. ‘today
3. 45940
4. ne
5. sēmeron
6. D-·······
7. today
8. today
9. ne
10. Y64
11. 141795
1. it is being called
2. called
3. 25640
5. kaleō
6. V-IPP3··S
7. ˱it˲ ˓is_being˒ called
8. ˱it˲ ˓is_being˒ called
9. -
10. Y64; R141791
11. 141796
1. in order that
2. -
3. 24430
5. hina
6. C-·······
7. in_order_that
8. in_order_that
9. -
10. Y64
11. 141797
1. not
2. won't
3. 33610
5. mē
6. D-·······
7. not
8. not
9. -
10. Y64
11. 141798
1. may be hardened
2. hardened
3. 46450
5. sklērunō
6. V-SAP3··S
7. ˓may_be˒ hardened
8. ˓may_be˒ hardened
9. -
10. Y64
11. 141799
1. someone
2. -
3. 51000
5. tis
6. R-····NMS
7. someone
8. someone
9. -
10. Y64
11. 141800
1. of
2. -
3. 15370
5. ek
6. P-·······
7. of
8. of
9. -
10. Y64
11. 141801
1. you all
2. -
3. 47710
5. su
6. R-···2G·P
7. you_all
8. you_all
9. -
10. Y64; R141770
11. 141802
1. by +the seduction
2. seduction
3. 5390
5. apatē
6. N-····DFS
7. ˱by˲ ˓the˒ seduction
8. ˱by˲ ˓the˒ seduction
9. -
10. Y64
11. 141804
1. the
2. -
3. 35880
5. ho
6. E-····GFS
7. ¬the
8. ¬the
9. -
10. Y64
11. 141805
1. of sin
2. -
3. 2660
5. hamartia
6. N-····GFS
7. ˱of˲ sin
8. ˱of˲ sin
9. -
10. Y64
11. 141807

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.