OET interlinear 1 YHN (1 JHN) 3:10

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

ἐν τούτῳ φανερά ἐστιν τὰ τέκνα τοῦ Θεοῦ, καὶ τὰ τέκνα τοῦ διαβόλου

in this manifest (Some words not found in SR-GNT: ἐν τούτῳ φανερά ἐστίν Τά τέκνα τοῦ Θεοῦ καί τά τέκνα τοῦ διαβόλου πᾶς ὁ μή ποιῶν δικαιοσύνην οὐκ ἐστίν ἐκ τοῦ Θεοῦ καί ὁ μή ἀγαπῶν τόν ἀδελφόν αὐτοῦ)

In this means something similar to the idiomatic expression “in this we know” that John uses many times in this letter. The word this refers to what John says in the next sentence. Alternate translation: [This is how we can tell the difference between the children of God and the children of the devil]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

τὰ τέκνα τοῦ Θεοῦ, καὶ τὰ τέκνα τοῦ διαβόλου

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: ἐν τούτῳ φανερά ἐστίν Τά τέκνα τοῦ Θεοῦ καί τά τέκνα τοῦ διαβόλου πᾶς ὁ μή ποιῶν δικαιοσύνην οὐκ ἐστίν ἐκ τοῦ Θεοῦ καί ὁ μή ἀγαπῶν τόν ἀδελφόν αὐτοῦ)

John is using the word children in both of these instances. His usage is similar to the Hebrew idiom in which the “child” of something shares its characteristics. Alternate translation: [people who are living a new life in close relationship with God and people who are still in their old way of life influenced by the devil]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / doublenegatives

πᾶς ὁ μὴ ποιῶν δικαιοσύνην, οὐκ ἔστιν ἐκ τοῦ Θεοῦ

everyone ¬which (Some words not found in SR-GNT: ἐν τούτῳ φανερά ἐστίν Τά τέκνα τοῦ Θεοῦ καί τά τέκνα τοῦ διαβόλου πᾶς ὁ μή ποιῶν δικαιοσύνην οὐκ ἐστίν ἐκ τοῦ Θεοῦ καί ὁ μή ἀγαπῶν τόν ἀδελφόν αὐτοῦ)

If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a positive expression to translate this double negative. Alternate translation: [Only those who do righteousness are from God]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

ὁ μὴ ποιῶν δικαιοσύνην

¬which the_‹one› (Some words not found in SR-GNT: ἐν τούτῳ φανερά ἐστίν Τά τέκνα τοῦ Θεοῦ καί τά τέκνα τοῦ διαβόλου πᾶς ὁ μή ποιῶν δικαιοσύνην οὐκ ἐστίν ἐκ τοῦ Θεοῦ καί ὁ μή ἀγαπῶν τόν ἀδελφόν αὐτοῦ)

See how you translated the similar expression in [2:29](../02/29.md). Alternate translation: [Any person who does not do what is right]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

οὐκ ἔστιν ἐκ τοῦ Θεοῦ

not (Some words not found in SR-GNT: ἐν τούτῳ φανερά ἐστίν Τά τέκνα τοῦ Θεοῦ καί τά τέκνα τοῦ διαβόλου πᾶς ὁ μή ποιῶν δικαιοσύνην οὐκ ἐστίν ἐκ τοῦ Θεοῦ καί ὁ μή ἀγαπῶν τόν ἀδελφόν αὐτοῦ)

The expression from God is an idiom. John uses it in various ways in this letter. Alternate translation: [does not belong to God] or [is not living in relationship with God]

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / ellipsis

καὶ ὁ μὴ ἀγαπῶν τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: ἐν τούτῳ φανερά ἐστίν Τά τέκνα τοῦ Θεοῦ καί τά τέκνα τοῦ διαβόλου πᾶς ὁ μή ποιῶν δικαιοσύνην οὐκ ἐστίν ἐκ τοῦ Θεοῦ καί ὁ μή ἀγαπῶν τόν ἀδελφόν αὐτοῦ)

John is leaving out some of the words that a sentence would need in many languages in order to be complete. These words can be supplied from earlier in the sentence. Alternate translation: [and the one who does not love his brother is not from God]

Note 7 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: ἐν τούτῳ φανερά ἐστίν Τά τέκνα τοῦ Θεοῦ καί τά τέκνα τοῦ διαβόλου πᾶς ὁ μή ποιῶν δικαιοσύνην οὐκ ἐστίν ἐκ τοῦ Θεοῦ καί ὁ μή ἀγαπῶν τόν ἀδελφόν αὐτοῦ)

See how you translated his brother in [2:9](../02/09.md). Alternate translation: [a fellow believer]