EST 1:13 Interlinear View

1. Hebrew word
2. Hebrew lemma
3. OET-LV words
4. OET-RV words
5. Strongs
6. Role/Morphology
7. Gloss
8. CAPS codes
9. OET tags
10. OET word #
1. וַ,יֹּאמֶר
2. 330233,330234
3. And he/it said
4. -
5. 559
6. SV-C,Vqw3ms
7. and=he/it_said
8. S
9. Y-462
10. 228722
1. הַ,מֶּלֶךְ
2. 330235,330236
3. the king
4. -
5. 4428
6. S-Td,Ncmsa
7. the=king
8. -
9. Y-462
10. 228723
1. לַ,חֲכָמִים
2. 330237,330238
3. to men
4. Eventually
5. 2450
6. S-Rd,Aampa
7. to,men
8. -
9. Y-462
10. 228724
1. יֹדְעֵי
2. 330239
3. who knew of
4. -
5. 3045
6. S-Vqrmpc
7. [who]_knew_of
8. -
9. Y-462
10. 228725
1. הָ,עִתִּים
2. 330240,330241
3. (of) the times
4. -
5. 6256
6. S-Td,Ncbpa
7. (of)_the,times
8. -
9. Y-462
10. 228726
1. כִּי
2. 330242
3. if/because
4. -
6. S-C
7. if/because
8. -
9. Y-462
10. 228727
2. 330243
3. -
4. -
6. -x-maqqef
8. -
9. -
10. 228728
1. כֵן
2. 330244
3. +was thus
4. -
6. P-D
7. [was]_thus
8. -
9. Y-462
10. 228729
1. דְּבַר
2. 330245
3. the manner of
4. -
5. 1697
6. S-Ncmsc
7. the_manner_of
8. -
9. Y-462
10. 228730
1. הַ,מֶּלֶךְ
2. 330246,330247
3. the king
4. -
5. 4428
6. S-Td,Ncmsa
7. the=king
8. -
9. Y-462
10. 228731
1. לִ,פְנֵי
2. 330248,330249
3. to (the) face of/in front of/before
4. -
5. 6440
6. S-R,Ncbpc
7. to=(the)_face_of/in_front_of/before
8. -
9. Y-462
10. 228732
1. כָּל
2. 330250
3. all of
4. -
5. 3605
6. S-Ncmsc
7. all_of
8. -
9. Y-462
10. 228733
2. 330251
3. -
4. -
6. -x-maqqef
8. -
9. -
10. 228734
1. יֹדְעֵי
2. 330252
3. those who knew of
4. -
5. 3045
6. S-Vqrmpc
7. [those_who]_knew_of
8. -
9. Y-462
10. 228735
1. דָּת
2. 330253
3. (of) law
4. -
5. 1881
6. S-Ncfsa
7. (of)_law
8. -
9. Y-462
10. 228736
1. וָ,דִין
2. 330254,330255
3. and judgement
4. -
5. 1779
6. S-C,Ncmsa
7. and,judgment
8. -
9. Y-462
10. 228737
2. 330256
3. -
4. -
6. -x-sof-pasuq
8. -
9. -
10. 228738

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 1:10–22: Queen Vashti disobeyed the king and he removed her from her position as queen

Towards the end of the feast, when he had drunk too much wine, the king sent a message, ordering the queen to come to him so that he could show off her beauty to his guests. But she probably did not wish to be seen by a crowd of drunken, leering men, and so she refused. The king was very angry about the queen’s disobedience and asked his advisors what the law said about how she should be punished. The advisors said that the king should divorce the queen, in order to show all wives in the empire that they must obey their husbands. The king was pleased with this advice and issued a decree to inform everyone about it.

1:13a

Then the king consulted the wise men who knew the times,

He summoned his advisors who knew what should be done about such matters as the queen’s disobedience and consulted them,

the wise men who knew the times: There is a textual problem with this verse, in particular with the word translated times by the BSB. The two possibilities are:

The text has the Hebrew word ʿitîm “times.” This is the text followed by the majority of the translations. This means the phrase could refer to astrologers, but here it probably refers to men who were experts in legal matters. For example, the GNT has:
his advisers, who would know what should be done
The text has ḏaṯîm, the plural of the word the BSB translates “law” in 1:13b. For example, the NRSV and NJB have:
who knew the laws

It is recommended that you follow the first option like the GNT.

1:13b

for it was customary for him to confer with the experts in law and justice.

because it was normal for the king to ask advice from wise men who knew all about the law and how to judge things.

law and justice: The Hebrew words daṯ and dîn, translated law and justice in the BSB, go together. The second one probably refers to legal procedures.

uW Translation Notes:

לַ⁠חֲכָמִ֖ים

to,men

This means the king’s advisors. You could call them “his advisors” or “the royal advisors.”

יֹדְעֵ֣י הָֽ⁠עִתִּ֑ים

knowing (Some words not found in UHB: and=he/it_said the=king to,men knowing (of)_the,times that/for/because/then/when so message/matter_of the=king to=(the)_face_of/in_front_of/before all/each/any/every knowing law and,judgment )

This means something like “who knew the right way to do things” or “who understood the culture.”

Note 1 topic: writing-background

כִּי־כֵן֙ דְּבַ֣ר הַ⁠מֶּ֔לֶךְ

(Some words not found in UHB: and=he/it_said the=king to,men knowing (of)_the,times that/for/because/then/when so message/matter_of the=king to=(the)_face_of/in_front_of/before all/each/any/every knowing law and,judgment )

This means that it was the king’s habit to consult his advisors on important questions. This is background information that explains why the king called upon these men.

Note 2 topic: grammar-connect-logic-result

כִּי־כֵן֙ דְּבַ֣ר הַ⁠מֶּ֔לֶךְ

If it would be helpful in your language, you could place this first in the verse to put the reason before the result because it explains what happens next.

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

לִ⁠פְנֵ֕י

to=(the)_face_of/in_front_of/before

Here, face refers to the presence of a person. The phrase means that King Ahasuerus would personally ask his wise men for advice in matters like these. Alternate translation: [to consult personally with]

יֹדְעֵ֖י דָּ֥ת וָ⁠דִֽין

This means that these advisors knew the law and knew how to make good decisions in light of it.

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

1. OET-LV words
2. OET-RV words
3. Strongs
4. Hebrew word
5. Hebrew lemma
6. Role/Morphology
7. Gloss
8. CAPS codes
9. OET tags
10. OET word #
1. And he/it said
2. -
3. 1987,683
5. 330233,330234
6. SV-C,Vqw3ms
8. S
9. Y-462
10. 228722
1. the king
2. -
3. 1893,4308
5. 330235,330236
6. S-Td,Ncmsa
8. -
9. Y-462
10. 228723
1. to men
2. Eventually
3. 3705,2548
5. 330237,330238
6. S-Rd,Aampa
8. -
9. Y-462
10. 228724
1. who knew of
2. -
3. 3207
5. 330239
6. S-Vqrmpc
8. -
9. Y-462
10. 228725
1. (of) the times
2. -
3. 1893,5751
5. 330240,330241
6. S-Td,Ncbpa
8. -
9. Y-462
10. 228726
1. if/because
2. -
3. 3482
5. 330242
6. S-C
8. -
9. Y-462
10. 228727
1. +was thus
2. -
3. 3529
5. 330244
6. P-D
8. -
9. Y-462
10. 228729
1. the manner of
2. -
3. 1726
5. 330245
6. S-Ncmsc
8. -
9. Y-462
10. 228730
1. the king
2. -
3. 1893,4308
5. 330246,330247
6. S-Td,Ncmsa
8. -
9. Y-462
10. 228731
1. to (the) face of/in front of/before
2. -
3. 3705,6376
5. 330248,330249
6. S-R,Ncbpc
8. -
9. Y-462
10. 228732
1. all of
2. -
3. 3671
5. 330250
6. S-Ncmsc
8. -
9. Y-462
10. 228733
1. those who knew of
2. -
3. 3207
5. 330252
6. S-Vqrmpc
8. -
9. Y-462
10. 228735
1. (of) law
2. -
3. 1776
5. 330253
6. S-Ncfsa
8. -
9. Y-462
10. 228736
1. and judgement
2. -
3. 1987,1660
5. 330254,330255
6. S-C,Ncmsa
8. -
9. Y-462
10. 228737

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The Hebrew text, lemmas, and morphology are all thanks to the OSHB and some of the glosses are from Macula Hebrew.

OET interlinear EST 1:13

Hebrew word order

Section 1:10–22: Queen Vashti disobeyed the king and he removed her from her position as queen

1:13a

1:13b

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)