EST 1:3 Interlinear View

1. Hebrew word
2. Hebrew lemma
3. OET-LV words
4. OET-RV words
5. Strongs
6. Role/Morphology
7. Gloss
8. CAPS codes
9. OET tags
10. OET word #
1. בִּ,שְׁנַת
2. 329947,329948
3. In year
4. -
5. 8141
6. S-R,Ncfsc
7. in=year
8. S
9. Y-462
10. 228529
1. שָׁלוֹשׁ
2. 329949
3. three
4. -
5. 7969
6. S-Acfsa
7. three
8. -
9. Y-462
10. 228530
1. לְ,מָלְכ,וֹ
2. 329950,329951,329952
3. of reigning his
4. reign
6. VS-R,Vqc,Sp3ms
7. of,reigning,his
8. -
9. Y-462
10. 228531
1. עָשָׂה
2. 329953
3. he made
4. -
6. V-Vqp3ms
7. he_made
8. -
9. Y-462
10. 228532
1. מִשְׁתֶּה
2. 329954
3. a feast
4. -
5. 4960
6. O-Ncmsa
7. a_feast
8. -
9. Y-462
10. 228533
1. לְ,כָל
2. 329955,329956
3. to/from all/each/any/every
4. -
5. 3605
6. S-R,Ncmsc
7. to/from=all/each/any/every
8. -
9. Y-462
10. 228534
2. 329957
3. -
4. -
6. -x-maqqef
8. -
9. -
10. 228535
1. שָׂרָי,ו
2. 329958,329959
3. officials of his
4. -
5. 8269
6. S-Ncmpc,Sp3ms
7. officials_of,his
8. -
9. Y-462
10. 228536
1. וַ,עֲבָדָי,ו
2. 329960,329961,329962
3. and servants of his
4. -
5. 5650
6. S-C,Ncmpc,Sp3ms
7. and,servants_of,his
8. -
9. Y-462
10. 228537
1. חֵיל
2. 329963
3. the army of
4. -
5. 2428
6. S-Ncmsc
7. the_army_of
8. -
9. Y-462
10. 228538
2. 329964
3. -
4. -
6. -x-paseq
8. -
9. -
10. 228539
1. פָּרַס
2. 329965
3. Pāraş
4. Persia
5. 6539
6. S-Np
7. of_Persia
8. -
9. Location=Persia; Y-462
10. 228540
1. וּ,מָדַי
2. 329966,329967
3. and Māday
4. Media
5. 4074
6. S-C,Np
7. and=Māday
8. -
9. Y-462
10. 228541
1. הַֽ,פַּרְתְּמִים
2. 329968,329969
3. the nobles
4. -
5. 6579
6. S-Td,Ncmpa
7. the=nobles
8. -
9. Y-462
10. 228542
1. וְ,שָׂרֵי
2. 329970,329971
3. and the officials of
4. -
5. 8269
6. S-C,Ncmpc
7. and,the_officials_of
8. -
9. Y-462
10. 228543
1. הַ,מְּדִינוֹת
2. 329972,329973
3. the provinces
4. provinces
5. 4082
6. S-Td,Ncfpa
7. of,the_provinces
8. -
9. Y-462
10. 228544
1. לְ,פָנָי,ו
2. 329974,329975,329976
3. +were before of him
4. present
5. 6440
6. P-R,Ncbpc,Sp3ms
7. [were],before_of,him
8. -
9. Y-462
10. 228545
2. 329977
3. -
4. -
6. -x-sof-pasuq
8. -
9. -
10. 228546

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 1:1–9: King Xerxes gave a big feast

This section describes the setting for the story. It begins with a description of the Persian Empire and the feast which King Xerxes held in the third year of his reign to show his people how rich he was.

Paragraph 1:3–4

The king displayed his riches to the officials of his kingdom for six months. During this time he may have been planning the battles against Greece which took place from 482–479 BC. At the end of the six months, he gave a huge feast for his officials and the public which lasted for a week.

1:3a

In the third year of his reign, Xerxes held a feast for all his officials and servants.

¶ During the third year that he was king, he gave a big feast for all the officials/administrators and other important men in his kingdom.

officials: This is the first of five groups of important people mentioned in this verse as guests at the banquet. The word in Hebrew which the BSB translates officials is a general term for a leader or other important person and refers to someone whom the king has appointed to that position.

servants: Literally “servants/slaves.” Here it does not refer to ordinary servants but those of high rank. The BSB has servants; GNT has “administrators.”

If you translate “officials” as “important people,” you may want to switch the two terms and say, for example, “administrators and other important people.”

1:3b

The military leaders of Persia and Media were there, along with the nobles and princes of the provinces.

The people the king invited to the feast were the army chiefs of Persia and Media, and the governors and other important men in his provinces.

Three more groups of leaders are mentioned in this part of the verse. However, this was probably just another way of referring to the same people as in 1:3a. This is how the Display has linked the two parts of the verse.

military leaders: This is literally “armies.” However, it is more likely that the term refers here only to the army chiefs, not to all the soldiers (as BSB, NIV, RSV, NCV, CEV), and it is recommended that you translate it in this way.

Persia and Media: The Persian Empire was made up of these two kingdoms, which were ruled by the same king.

nobles: The Hebrew word here refers to important officials, governors ruling over a district or province.

princes: This is the same word that was translated “officials” in 1:3a.

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: translate-ordinal

בִּ⁠שְׁנַ֤ת שָׁלוֹשׁ֙ לְ⁠מָלְכ֔⁠וֹ

in=year three of,reigning,his

This means that Ahasuerus had already ruled for two full years and that these events took place in the year that followed them. Alternate translation: [during the third year that Ahasuerus ruled his empire] or [after he had ruled for two years]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

בִּ⁠שְׁנַ֤ת שָׁלוֹשׁ֙ לְ⁠מָלְכ֔⁠וֹ

in=year three of,reigning,his

Reign is an abstract noun that refers to the royal authority that the king exercised. You can translate it with a verb by saying, “during the third year that Ahasuerus ruled.”

עָשָׂ֣ה מִשְׁתֶּ֔ה

he/it_had_made banquet

Alternate translation: [he hosted a feast]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / synecdoche

חֵ֣יל ׀ פָּרַ֣ס וּ⁠מָדַ֗י

army_of Pāraş and=Māday

This likely refers to the leaders of the army. It is describing a part of the army by referring to the whole army. Alternate translation: [the officers of the army]

הַֽ⁠פַּרְתְּמִ֛ים

the=nobles

This probably means something like “the wealthy landowners.”

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

לְ⁠פָנָֽי⁠ו

[were],before_of,him

Face stands for the presence of a person, so this phrase means “in his presence.” The invitation was to come to the royal capital to attend a banquet where the king would be present in person. You could say, as UST does, that the king was present in person to host the feast. Or you could say as an alternative, “all of them came to Susa for the feast”

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

1. OET-LV words
2. OET-RV words
3. Strongs
4. Hebrew word
5. Hebrew lemma
6. Role/Morphology
7. Gloss
8. CAPS codes
9. OET tags
10. OET word #
1. In year
2. -
3. 846,7849
5. 329947,329948
6. S-R,Ncfsc
8. S
9. Y-462
10. 228529
1. three
2. -
3. 7830
5. 329949
6. S-Acfsa
8. -
9. Y-462
10. 228530
1. of reigning his
2. reign
3. 3705,4694,1978
5. 329950,329951,329952
6. VS-R,Vqc,Sp3ms
8. -
9. Y-462
10. 228531
1. he made
2. -
3. 6035
5. 329953
6. V-Vqp3ms
8. -
9. Y-462
10. 228532
1. a feast
2. -
3. 4252
5. 329954
6. O-Ncmsa
8. -
9. Y-462
10. 228533
1. to/from all/each/any/every
2. -
3. 3705,3671
5. 329955,329956
6. S-R,Ncmsc
8. -
9. Y-462
10. 228534
1. officials of his
2. -
3. 8068,1978
5. 329958,329959
6. S-Ncmpc,Sp3ms
8. -
9. Y-462
10. 228536
1. and servants of his
2. -
3. 1987,5754,1978
5. 329960,329961,329962
6. S-C,Ncmpc,Sp3ms
8. -
9. Y-462
10. 228537
1. the army of
2. -
3. 2446
5. 329963
6. S-Ncmsc
8. -
9. Y-462
10. 228538
1. Pāraş
2. Persia
3. 6407
5. 329965
6. S-Np
8. -
9. Location=Persia; Y-462
10. 228540
1. and Māday
2. Media
3. 1987,4662
5. 329966,329967
6. S-C,Np
8. -
9. Y-462
10. 228541
1. the nobles
2. -
3. 1893,6337
5. 329968,329969
6. S-Td,Ncmpa
8. -
9. Y-462
10. 228542
1. and the officials of
2. -
3. 1987,8068
5. 329970,329971
6. S-C,Ncmpc
8. -
9. Y-462
10. 228543
1. the provinces
2. provinces
3. 1893,3886
5. 329972,329973
6. S-Td,Ncfpa
8. -
9. Y-462
10. 228544
1. +were before of him
2. present
3. 3705,6376,1978
5. 329974,329975,329976
6. P-R,Ncbpc,Sp3ms
8. -
9. Y-462
10. 228545

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The Hebrew text, lemmas, and morphology are all thanks to the OSHB and some of the glosses are from Macula Hebrew.

OET interlinear EST 1:3

Hebrew word order

Section 1:1–9: King Xerxes gave a big feast

Paragraph 1:3–4

1:3a

1:3b

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)