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Hos C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10 C11 C12 C13 C14

Hos 13 V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V11 V12 V13 V14 V15 V16

OET interlinear HOS 13:10

◄ ← HOS 13:10 ↓ → ► ║ ©

Hebrew word order

    1. Hebrew word
    2. Hebrew lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. אֱהִי
    2. 524085
    3. Where
    4. Where's
    5. 165
    6. P-Ti
    7. where?
    8. S
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366286
    1. מַלְכְּ,ךָ
    2. 524086,524087
    3. king of +is your
    4. -
    5. 4428
    6. S-Ncmsc,Sp2ms
    7. king_of,[is]_your
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366287
    1. אֵפוֹא
    2. 524088
    3. then
    4. -
    5. 645
    6. S-D
    7. then
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366288
    1. וְ,יוֹשִׁיעֲ,ךָ
    2. 524089,524090,524091
    3. so that he may save you
    4. -
    5. 3467
    6. VO-C,Vhi3ms,Sp2ms
    7. so,that,he_may_save_you
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366289
    1. בְּ,כָל
    2. 524092,524093
    3. in all
    4. -
    5. 3605
    6. S-R,Ncmsc
    7. in=all
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366290
    2. 524094
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 366291
    1. עָרֶי,ךָ
    2. 524095,524096
    3. cities of your
    4. cities
    6. S-Ncfpc,Sp2ms
    7. cities_of,your
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366292
    1. וְ,שֹׁפְטֶי,ךָ
    2. 524097,524098,524099
    3. and rulers of your
    4. -
    5. 8199
    6. S-C,Vqrmpc,Sp2ms
    7. and,rulers_of,your
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366293
    1. אֲשֶׁר
    2. 524100
    3. whom
    4. -
    6. S-Tr
    7. whom
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366294
    1. אָמַרְתָּ
    2. 524101
    3. you said
    4. -
    5. 559
    6. V-Vqp2ms
    7. you_said
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366295
    1. תְּנָ,ה
    2. 524102,524103
    3. give
    4. -
    5. 5414
    6. V-Vqv2ms,Sh
    7. give,
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366296
    2. 524104
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 366297
    1. לִּ,י
    2. 524105,524106
    3. to/for me
    4. -
    6. O-R,Sp1cs
    7. to/for=me
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366298
    1. מֶלֶךְ
    2. 524107
    3. a king
    4. -
    5. 4428
    6. O-Ncmsa
    7. a_king
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366299
    1. וְ,שָׂרִים
    2. 524108,524109
    3. and leaders
    4. leaders princes
    5. 8269
    6. O-C,Ncmpa
    7. and,leaders
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366300
    2. 524110
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-sof-pasuq
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 366301

OET (OET-LV) Where king_of_is_your then so_that_he_may_save_you in_all cities_of_your and_rulers_of_your whom you_said give to/for_me a_king and_leaders.

OET (OET-RV) Where’s your king now to save you in all your cities,
 ⇔ and your other leaders
 ⇔ that you’d talked about, saying, ‘Give me a king and princes’?

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 13:1–16: The LORD’s anger against Israel

In this section, the LORD gives reasons for his anger against Israel. It was necessary to judge them because they continued to rebel against him.

Here are some other possible headings for this section:

Final Judgment on Israel (GNT)

The Lord’s Relentless Judgment on Israel (ESV)

Ephraim’s Idolatry (NASB)

Paragraph 13:9–11

In this paragraph, the LORD continues to speak.

13:10a

Where is your king now to save you in all your cities,

Where is your king now to save you in all your cities: In Hebrew, this clause is literally “where [is] your king then that he may save you in all your cities?” This is a rhetorical question. The implied answer is “Nowhere.” It implies that their king cannot save them. It does not necessarily mean they have no king.Wood (page 221).

There are textual issues concerning this clause. There is also an interpretation issue. First, the notes will discuss the textual issues:

There is a textual/interpretation issue concerning the word Where:

  1. The LXX and the Peshitta have Where. For example:

    Where then is your king, that he may save you in all your cities? (NET) (BSB, CEV, ESV, GW, NAB, NASB, NET, NIV, NJB, NJPS, NLT, NRSV, REB)

  2. The Masoretic Text has the word “I will be.” For example:

    I will be thy king: where is any other that may save thee in all thy cities? (KJV) (KJV)

It is recommended that you follow interpretation (1), along with most versions and commentaries. It also has the support of the BHS editors.Davies (pages 292–293) states that the Hebrew word should be regarded as a dialectal variant for the standard Hebrew word for “where.” See also Macintosh (page 537), McComiskey (pages 220–221), and the NET footnote for “Where” in this verse.

king: The Hebrew word refers to the highest ruler.TWOT (#1199a). See Hosea 3:4a.

now: The Hebrew word has various meanings depending on context. Here it strengthens the word “where.” Some versions translate it as “then.”Keil (page 102) and McComiskey (page 220). According to TWOT (#144) this word is a particle that often occurs in sentences containing a question, command, or wish. Some versions leave it implied.

to save you: In Hebrew, this phrase is more literally “so that he may save you.” It expresses a wish or intention to save them.The Heb verb wǝyošiʿaka “so that he may save you” looks like a waw consecutive. However, a waw consecutive would make no sense here. Macintosh (page 537) describes it as a simple waw with a jussive that has voluntative or potential force. Accordingly, the waw is understood here as “so that” rather than a simple “and.”

in all your cities: There is a textual issue concerning the phrase in all your cities:

  1. The Masoretic Text has in all your cities. This phrase describes the populated locations in Israel where an enemy attack is most likely to occur.Macintosh (page 538) and Stuart (page 205).For example:

    Where now is your king, to save you in all your cities? (ESV) (BSB, ESV, GW, KJV, NASB, NCV, NET, NIV, NJB, NJPS, NLT, NRSV, REB)

  2. Some scholars think that the original text has “to defend you.”Macintosh (page 537) notes that some commentators have questioned the MT reading because it restricts the king’s help just to cities, so they have emended the text in various ways. For example:

    Where are all your princes, to defend you… (RSV) (RSV)

It is recommended that you follow option (1). It requires no changes to the Hebrew text.

There is another interpretation issue concerning the phrase in all your cities:

  1. The phrase in all your cities describes where the king should save people. For example:

    Where now is your king, that he may save you in all your cities (NASB) (BSB, ESV, NAB, NASB, NCV, NET)

  2. The phrase in all your cities describes where the rulers are located. For example:

    Where now is your king, that he may save you? Where in all your cities are your rulers (NRSV) (GW, NIV, NJB, NRSV, REB)

It is recommended that you follow interpretation (1). It best follows the syntax of the Masoretic Text.The MT text has: “where [is] your king then that he may save you in all your cities and your rulers….” Grammatically, the phrase, “in all your cities” is part of the first clause. The conjunction “and” that follows this phrase and starts the second clause confirms this.

13:10a–c

(combined/reordered)

13:10b

and the rulers

and the rulers: In Hebrew, this clause is literally “and your rulers.” There is an ellipsis of the question word “where” in the Hebrew clause. The question is implied from the first clause. Most versions make the word “where” explicit. For example:

Where are all your rulers— (ESV)

This clause is a rhetorical question. The implied answer is “Nowhere.” It implies that their rulers, whom they requested along with the king, are also unable to save them.

rulers: In Hebrew, this word can mean “judges” or rulers.TWOT (#2443). Here the role of governing is probably in view, not the role of a judge.McComiskey (pages 220–221).

13:10c

to whom you said, “Give me a king and princes”?

to whom you said, “Give me a king and princes”?: In Hebrew, this clause is literally “whom you said give to me a king and leaders.”

The direct quote may refer back to the incident in 1 Samuel 8:5, 19, when the people of Israel requested a king.Andersen and Freedman (page 636) and Dearman (pages 324–325). This information should not affect your translation. However, you could add a cross-reference if desired.

In some languages, it may be more natural to use an indirect quote here. For example:

Where are all your rulers, those you wanted when you asked for a king and rulers?

king and princes: In Hebrew, the word princes refers here to any leader, chief, or official who serves in the government of the king. Here the word princes is parallel to “rulers” in 13:10b.Andersen and Freedman (page 636) and Macintosh (page 537).

General Comment on 13:10a–c

In some languages, it may be more natural to combine the verse parts. For example:

You asked for a king and for leaders, but how can they save the nation? (GNT)

It some languages, it may be preferable to split the sentence parts into separate lines. For example:

What good is your king? Can he save you in any of your towns? What good are your leaders? You said, ‘Give us a king and leaders.’ (NCV)

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / rquestion

(Occurrence 0) Where now is your king, that he may save you in all your cities? Where are your rulers, about whom you said to me, ‘Give me a king and princes’?

(Some words not found in UHB: where king_of,[is]_your now so,that,he_may_save_you in=all cities_of,your and,rulers_of,your which/who said give, to/for=me king and,leaders )

Yahweh asks these questions to tell Israel that when they rebel against him, no king or ruler can help them. Only Yahweh can save them from destruction.

TSN Tyndale Study Notes:

13:10 where is your king? When Hoshea’s alliance with Egypt failed (see 12:1), he tried to make peace with Assyria, but he was captured and imprisoned (2 Kgs 17:4). The Israelites had relied on their armies and kings to save them rather than on the Lord, and now there was no one to save them.

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Hebrew word
    5. Hebrew lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. Where
    2. Where's
    3. 6
    5. 524085
    6. P-Ti
    8. S
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366286
    1. king of +is your
    2. -
    3. 4308,1978
    5. 524086,524087
    6. S-Ncmsc,Sp2ms
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366287
    1. then
    2. -
    3. 342
    5. 524088
    6. S-D
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366288
    1. so that he may save you
    2. -
    3. 1987,3314,1978
    5. 524089,524090,524091
    6. VO-C,Vhi3ms,Sp2ms
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366289
    1. in all
    2. -
    3. 846,3671
    5. 524092,524093
    6. S-R,Ncmsc
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366290
    1. cities of your
    2. cities
    3. 5667,1978
    5. 524095,524096
    6. S-Ncfpc,Sp2ms
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366292
    1. and rulers of your
    2. -
    3. 1987,7860,1978
    5. 524097,524098,524099
    6. S-C,Vqrmpc,Sp2ms
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366293
    1. whom
    2. -
    3. 238
    5. 524100
    6. S-Tr
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366294
    1. you said
    2. -
    3. 683
    5. 524101
    6. V-Vqp2ms
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366295
    1. give
    2. -
    3. 5233,1819
    5. 524102,524103
    6. V-Vqv2ms,Sh
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366296
    1. to/for me
    2. -
    3. 3705,1978
    5. 524105,524106
    6. O-R,Sp1cs
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366298
    1. a king
    2. -
    3. 4308
    5. 524107
    6. O-Ncmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366299
    1. and leaders
    2. leaders princes
    3. 1987,8068
    5. 524108,524109
    6. O-C,Ncmpa
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366300

OET (OET-LV) Where king_of_is_your then so_that_he_may_save_you in_all cities_of_your and_rulers_of_your whom you_said give to/for_me a_king and_leaders.

OET (OET-RV) Where’s your king now to save you in all your cities,
 ⇔ and your other leaders
 ⇔ that you’d talked about, saying, ‘Give me a king and princes’?

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The Hebrew text, lemmas, and morphology are all thanks to the OSHB and some of the glosses are from Macula Hebrew.OET logo mark

◄ ← HOS 13:10 ↑ → ► ║ ©