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Hos C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10 C11 C12 C13 C14

Hos 13 V1 V2 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10 V11 V12 V13 V14 V15 V16

OET interlinear HOS 13:3

◄ ← HOS 13:3 ↓ → ► ║ ≡ ©

Hebrew word order

    1. Hebrew word
    2. Hebrew lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. לָ,כֵן
    2. 523970,523971
    3. For so/thus/hence
    4. -
    6. S-R,D
    7. for=so/thus/hence
    8. S
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366212
    1. יִהְיוּ
    2. 523972
    3. they will become
    4. -
    5. 1961
    6. V-Vqi3mp
    7. they_will_become
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366213
    1. כַּ,עֲנַן
    2. 523973,523974
    3. like a cloud of
    4. clouds
    5. 6051
    6. S-R,Ncmsc
    7. like,a_cloud_of
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366214
    2. 523975
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 366215
    1. בֹּקֶר
    2. 523976
    3. +the morning
    4. morning
    5. 1242
    6. S-Ncmsa
    7. [the]_morning
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366216
    1. וְ,כַ,טַּל
    2. 523977,523978,523979
    3. and like dew
    4. dew
    5. 2919
    6. S-C,Rd,Ncmsa
    7. and,like,dew
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366217
    1. מַשְׁכִּים
    2. 523980
    3. which rises early
    4. early
    5. 7925
    6. S-Vhrmsa
    7. [which]_rises_early
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366218
    1. הֹלֵךְ
    2. 523981
    3. which goes
    4. goes
    5. 1980
    6. S-Vqrmsa
    7. [which]_goes
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366219
    1. כְּ,מֹץ
    2. 523982,523983
    3. like chaff
    4. chaff
    5. 4671
    6. S-R,Ncmsa
    7. like,chaff
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366220
    1. יְסֹעֵר
    2. 523984
    3. which it is storm-driven
    4. -
    5. 5590
    6. V-Vmi3ms
    7. [which]_it_is_storm-driven
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366221
    1. מִ,גֹּרֶן
    2. 523985,523986
    3. from a threshing floor
    4. threshing floor
    5. 1637
    6. S-R,Ncbsa
    7. from,a_threshing_floor
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366222
    1. וּ,כְ,עָשָׁן
    2. 523987,523988,523989
    3. and like smoke
    4. smoke
    5. 6227
    6. S-C,R,Ncmsa
    7. and,like,smoke
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366223
    1. מֵ,אֲרֻבָּה
    2. 523990,523991
    3. from a window
    4. window
    5. 699
    6. S-R,Ncfsa
    7. from,a_window
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366224
    2. 523992
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-sof-pasuq
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 366225

OET (OET-LV) For_so/thus/hence they_will_become like_a_cloud_of the_morning and_like_dew which_rises_early which_goes like_chaff which_it_is_storm-driven from_a_threshing_floor and_like_smoke from_a_window.

OET (OET-RV) Therefore they’ll be like the morning clouds,
 ⇔ ≈ and like the dew that goes away early,
 ⇔ like the chaff that swirls from the threshing floor,
 ⇔ ≈ and like smoke exiting an open window.

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 13:1–16: The LORD’s anger against Israel

In this section, the LORD gives reasons for his anger against Israel. It was necessary to judge them because they continued to rebel against him.

Here are some other possible headings for this section:

Final Judgment on Israel (GNT)

The Lord’s Relentless Judgment on Israel (ESV)

Ephraim’s Idolatry (NASB)

Paragraph 13:1–3

In this paragraph, Hosea is the speaker. He refers to Ephraim as a tribe for the first time (1a–b). In the past, the other tribes of Israel regarded Ephraim highly, with respect and fear. With the contrast that begins with “But” in 13:1c, Hosea again uses “Ephraim” as another name for Israel. Ephraim turned away from the LORD to worship false gods. As a result of their sin, the LORD brought death to them as a nation.

13:3a–d

(combined)

Notice the parallel parts that are similar in meaning:

3aTherefore they will be like the morning mist,

3blike the early dew that vanishes,

3clike chaff blown from a threshing floor,

3dlike smoke through an open window.

There is an ellipsis (deliberate omission) of the first three words in 13:3b–d. In many languages, these words will need to be supplied from 13:3a. For example:

3b they will be like the early dew that vanishes.

3c they will be like chaff blown from a threshing floor,

3d they will be like smoke through an open window.

These lines contain four figures of speech (similes) that compare the people to temporary things. In a short time, they will quickly and completely disappear. The repetition of these similar lines gives emphasis to this consequence of their idolatry.Hubbard (page 216) and Stuart (pages 202–203).

Here are some ways to translate these similes:

13:3a

Therefore they will be like the morning mist,

Therefore: This word introduces the consequence of their ongoing sin of making idols and kissing calves.

Here are some other ways to translate it:

So (NCV)

That is why (GW)

like the morning mist: The phrase the morning mist probably refers to low-lying clouds or fog that disappears by the time the morning is over.

Here are some other ways to translate this phrase:

the morning cloud (NASB)

like fog in the morning (GW)

13:3b

like the early dew that vanishes,

like the early dew that vanishes: This phrase refers to water droplets that collect on plant leaves in the early morning. It evaporates quickly. In some languages, it may be redundant to make the word early explicit.

Here are some other ways to translate this phrase:

the dew that quickly disappears (NJB)

like dew in the morning sun (NLT)

13:3c

like chaff blown from a threshing floor,

like chaff blown from a threshing floor: This phrase refers to the husks and dust that remain behind after a farmer threshes grain. The wind carries it off. The word that the BSB translates as blown means to be blown away by a strong wind.Andersen and Freedman (pages 632–633) and McComiskey (page 214).

13:3d

like smoke through an open window.

like smoke through an open window: This phrase probably refers to smoke from cooking fires or burning lamps that escapes through an opening in the wall.Hubbard (page 216) and Keil (page 101).

window: The Hebrew word for window is literally “hole in the wall.”HALOT (electronic edition, page 83). The word meaning does not indicate which part of the wall has the hole. It may be in the upper part of the wall near the roof or elsewhere.Andersen and Freedman (pages 632–633), Garrett (page 250), Hubbard (page 216), Davies (page 287), and McComiskey (page 214).

Many versions translate the word as window. Some, such as the GNT, translate it as “chimney.” Note, however, that the Hebrew word does not refer to the kind of window or chimney that is common in modern buildings. Translate this with a word or phrase in your language that best fits the meaning of a hole in the wall through which smoke passes.

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / simile

כַּ⁠עֲנַן־בֹּ֔קֶר וְ⁠כַ⁠טַּ֖ל מַשְׁכִּ֣ים הֹלֵ֑ךְ

like,a_cloud_of morning and,like,dew early disappears

The point of this comparison is that just as a cloud and the dew that appears early in the day disappears as the day goes on, so the people of Ephraim will soon disappear. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this point explicitly. Alternate translation: [like a morning cloud and the early dew that quickly vanishes]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / simile

כְּ⁠מֹץ֙ יְסֹעֵ֣ר מִ⁠גֹּ֔רֶן

like,chaff swirling from,a_threshing_floor

The point of this comparison is that just as chaff is quickly blown away from the threshing floor and is worthless, so the people of Ephraim will be swept away. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this point explicitly. Alternate translation: [like worthless chaff that is quickly blown away from the threshing floor]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

יְסֹעֵ֣ר מִ⁠גֹּ֔רֶן

swirling from,a_threshing_floor

The expression is blown away is a passive verbal form. If it would be unnatural to use that form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language as modeled in the UST.

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / simile

וּ⁠כְ⁠עָשָׁ֖ן מֵ⁠אֲרֻבָּֽה

and,like,smoke from,a_window

The point of this comparison is that just as smoke quickly dissipates as it goes out from a window, so the people of Ephraim will soon disappear. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this point explicitly. Alternate translation: [and like smoke that quickly disappears out the window]

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Hebrew word
    5. Hebrew lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. For so/thus/hence
    2. -
    3. 3817,3529
    5. 523970,523971
    6. S-R,D
    8. S
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366212
    1. they will become
    2. -
    3. 1929
    5. 523972
    6. V-Vqi3mp
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366213
    1. like a cloud of
    2. clouds
    3. 3418,5971
    5. 523973,523974
    6. S-R,Ncmsc
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366214
    1. +the morning
    2. morning
    3. 1262
    5. 523976
    6. S-Ncmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366216
    1. and like dew
    2. dew
    3. 1987,3418,2817
    5. 523977,523978,523979
    6. S-C,Rd,Ncmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366217
    1. which rises early
    2. early
    3. 7807
    5. 523980
    6. S-Vhrmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366218
    1. which goes
    2. goes
    3. 1933
    5. 523981
    6. S-Vqrmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366219
    1. like chaff
    2. chaff
    3. 3418,4791
    5. 523982,523983
    6. S-R,Ncmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366220
    1. which it is storm-driven
    2. -
    3. 5454
    5. 523984
    6. V-Vmi3ms
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366221
    1. from a threshing floor
    2. threshing floor
    3. 4129,1577
    5. 523985,523986
    6. S-R,Ncbsa
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366222
    1. and like smoke
    2. smoke
    3. 1987,3418,6029
    5. 523987,523988,523989
    6. S-C,R,Ncmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366223
    1. from a window
    2. window
    3. 4129,226
    5. 523990,523991
    6. S-R,Ncfsa
    8. -
    9. Y-725; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 366224

OET (OET-LV) For_so/thus/hence they_will_become like_a_cloud_of the_morning and_like_dew which_rises_early which_goes like_chaff which_it_is_storm-driven from_a_threshing_floor and_like_smoke from_a_window.

OET (OET-RV) Therefore they’ll be like the morning clouds,
 ⇔ ≈ and like the dew that goes away early,
 ⇔ like the chaff that swirls from the threshing floor,
 ⇔ ≈ and like smoke exiting an open window.

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The Hebrew text, lemmas, and morphology are all thanks to the OSHB and some of the glosses are from Macula Hebrew.OET logo mark

◄ ← HOS 13:3 ↑ → ► ║ ≡ ©