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InterlinearVerse GEN EXO LEV NUM DEU JOB JOS JDG RUTH 1 SAM 2 SAM PSA AMOS HOS 1 KI 2 KI 1 CHR 2 CHR PROV ECC SNG JOEL MIC ISA ZEP HAB JER LAM YNA (JNA) NAH OBA DAN EZE EZRA EST NEH HAG ZEC MAL LAO GES LES ESG DNG 2 PS TOB JDT WIS SIR BAR LJE PAZ SUS BEL MAN 1 MAC 2 MAC 3 MAC 4 MAC YHN (JHN) MARK MAT LUKE ACTs YAC (JAM) GAL 1 TH 2 TH 1 COR 2 COR ROM COL PHM EPH PHP 1 TIM TIT 1 PET 2 PET 2 TIM HEB YUD (JUD) 1 YHN (1 JHN) 2 YHN (2 JHN) 3 YHN (3 JHN) REV
Rom C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10 C11 C12 C13 C14 C15 C16
Rom 13 V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V10 V11 V12 V13 V14
OET (OET-LV) For/Because which:
Not you_will_be_committing_adultery:
Not you_will_be_murdering:
Not you_will_be_stealing:
not you_will_be_coveting, and if any other command in the message this, is_being_summed_up, in that:
You_will_be_loving the neighbour of_you as yourself.
OET (OET-RV) which is: Don’t commit adultery. Don’t murder. Don’t steal. Don’t covet what others have. All of those plus any other commands can be summarised as: Love your neighbour like you love yourself.
In this section, Paul urged believers to love each other. This requirement to love is like a debt that they always owe, so they must always be loving each other. Loving others fulfills the Old Testament law.
Here are other possible headings for this section:
Love fulfills the Laws of Moses
We must love our fellow believers
These commands use “you(sing).” But God expected all of the people of Israel to obey them.
“Do not commit adultery,” “Do not murder,” “Do not steal,” “Do not covet,” and any other commandments: These commandments occur in Exodus 20:13–15,17 and Deuteronomy 5:17–19,21. Some language translations always introduce Old Testament quotes with a phrase indicating that they are from there. For example:
in the Scriptures , “Do not commit adultery…
Some languages must add an “and” before the second, third, and fourth items in this list. For example:
“Do not commit adultery, and do not murder, and do not steal, and do not covet,” and any other commandment
This whole phrase is the subject of the verb phrase “are summed up” in 13:9d. So the BSB and many other English versions use commas or semi-colons, rather than full stops, to indicate that. In some languages it will be more clear to separate the list from verb phrase and then clearly indicate the connection in the translation. For example:
For God said in Scripture, “Do not commit adultery. Do not murder. Do not steal. Do not covet.” Those commandments and any other commandment
The commandments “Do not commit adultery,”
For the commands/laws, “Do not have sex with someone who is not your(sing) spouse,
For God said, “Do not sleep/lie with someone to whom you are not married.”
The Greek of 13:9a begins with a word that is often translated as “for.” The BSB does not translate this word. Here this word introduces a sentence that supports Paul saying that loving others fulfills the laws of Moses.
The commandments: The BSB and many English versions add the word commandments, as implied from the list of four commandments that follow.
commit adultery: This phrase refers to having sex with someone to whom you are not married.
In some languages people will want to use the polite expression to refer to this deed here. This might be an idiom. For example:
lie/sleep with someone who is not your wife or husband
See how you translated this phrase in 2:22.
“Do not murder,” “Do not steal,”
and do not murder, and do not steal,
“Do not kill people.” “Do not steal other people’s things.”
murder: This word refers to killing another person. It implies killing someone on purpose and against the law. See how you translate this word in 1:29.
steal: There is a textual issue in 13:9b: (1) Some Greek manuscripts have the word steal (BSB, RSV, NIV, GNT, NJB, NASB, NABRE, ESV, REB, NLT, GW, NET, NCV). (2) Some later Greek manuscripts have the words steal, do not give false-witness. (KJV only). It is recommended that you follow option (1). This refers to taking other people’s possessions when they do not want you to. It usually implies taking them secretly. See how you translated this word in 2:21.
“Do not covet,” and any other commandments,
and do not desire/want the things of someone else,” and any other commands/laws,
“Do not desire what belongs to someone else.” About those commands/laws and any other commands/laws,
covet: This word refers to desiring to possess for oneself something that belongs to someone else. See how you translated this word in 7:7.
any other commandments: This refers to any of the commands in the Old Testament directed to the Israelites, except the four that Paul already wrote.
These words are a quotes from Exodus 20:13–15,17. If you indicate the location of quotes from the Old Testament with cross-references, you may want to do so here.
are summed up in this one decree: “Love your neighbor as yourself.”
are wrapped up in this one saying/command, “Love your neighbor as you love yourself.”
there is one law that covers/includes them all. It is this: “Love the person who lives/is near you in the same way that you love yourself.”
are summed up: This phrase refers to stating the main point of all the things previously mentioned. The main point of the laws that Paul just stated is to love one’s neighbor as yourself. Here are other ways to translate this phrase:
are all concentrated inKankanaey Back Translation on TW.
are included here inOtomi Back Translation on TW.
come back toTagbanwa Back Translation on TW.
This clause is passive. It is not important who does the summing up. Some languages do not have a passive construction. If that is true in your language, translate without a passive. See the above examples.
one decree: Here these words mean “a group of words.” Here it refers to “Love your neighbor as yourself.” Here are other ways to translate this word:
saying (NABRE)
command (GNT)
neighbor: This word refers to someone who lives near you. Here it does not have any qualifications, so refers to anyone who lives near you, or anyone who happens to be near you at the time. You should not translate this word as “friend” if that word excludes someone who lives near you but is not your friend.
as yourself: The words “you love” are implied after the word as here. For example:
as you love yourself
These words are a quote of Leviticus 19:18. If you indicate the location of quotes from the Old Testament with cross-references, you may want to do so here.
Note 1 topic: grammar-connect-logic-result
γάρ
(Some words not found in SR-GNT: τό Γάρ Οὒ μοιχεύσεις Οὒ φονεύσεις Οὒ κλέψεις οὐκ ἐπιθυμήσεις καί εἰ τὶς ἑτέρα ἐντολή ἐν τῷ λόγῳ τούτῳ ἀνακεφαλαιοῦται ἐν τῷ Ἀγαπήσεις τόν πλησίον σοῦ ὡς σεαυτόν)
For indicates that what follows this word explains what came before it. For here indicates that what follows is the reason why loving others fulfills the law, as stated in the previous verse. Use a natural way in your language for indicating a reason. Alternate translation: [This is true since]
Note 2 topic: writing-quotations
τὸ
(Some words not found in SR-GNT: τό Γάρ Οὒ μοιχεύσεις Οὒ φονεύσεις Οὒ κλέψεις οὐκ ἐπιθυμήσεις καί εἰ τὶς ἑτέρα ἐντολή ἐν τῷ λόγῳ τούτῳ ἀνακεφαλαιοῦται ἐν τῷ Ἀγαπήσεις τόν πλησίον σοῦ ὡς σεαυτόν)
Here Paul uses this to indicate a quotation from the law that is written in the Old Testament ([Exodus 20:13–15](../exo/20/13.md), [17](../exo/20/17.md)). If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable phrase that indicates that Paul is quoting from an important text. Alternate translation: [God had said in the law]
Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / quotemarks
οὐ μοιχεύσεις, οὐ φονεύσεις, οὐ κλέψεις, οὐκ ἐπιθυμήσεις
(Some words not found in SR-GNT: τό Γάρ Οὒ μοιχεύσεις Οὒ φονεύσεις Οὒ κλέψεις οὐκ ἐπιθυμήσεις καί εἰ τὶς ἑτέρα ἐντολή ἐν τῷ λόγῳ τούτῳ ἀνακεφαλαιοῦται ἐν τῷ Ἀγαπήσεις τόν πλησίον σοῦ ὡς σεαυτόν)
These clauses are a quotation from [Exodus 20:13–15](../exo/20/13.md), [17](../exo/20/17.md). It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this by setting off all of this material with quotation marks or with whatever punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate a quotation.
Note 4 topic: grammar-connect-condition-fact
εἴ τις ἑτέρα ἐντολή
(Some words not found in SR-GNT: τό Γάρ Οὒ μοιχεύσεις Οὒ φονεύσεις Οὒ κλέψεις οὐκ ἐπιθυμήσεις καί εἰ τὶς ἑτέρα ἐντολή ἐν τῷ λόγῳ τούτῳ ἀνακεφαλαιοῦται ἐν τῷ Ἀγαπήσεις τόν πλησίον σοῦ ὡς σεαυτόν)
Paul is speaking as if this were a hypothetical possibility, but he means that it is actually true. If your language does not state something as a condition if it is certain or true, and if your readers might misunderstand and think that what Paul is saying is not certain, then you can translate his words as an affirmative statement. Alternate translation: [if there is any other commandment, and there is]
Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit
τις ἑτέρα ἐντολή
(Some words not found in SR-GNT: τό Γάρ Οὒ μοιχεύσεις Οὒ φονεύσεις Οὒ κλέψεις οὐκ ἐπιθυμήσεις καί εἰ τὶς ἑτέρα ἐντολή ἐν τῷ λόγῳ τούτῳ ἀνακεφαλαιοῦται ἐν τῷ Ἀγαπήσεις τόν πλησίον σοῦ ὡς σεαυτόν)
Here, any other commandment refers to any of the commandments that God gave the Israelites other than those that Paul has just mentioned. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: [there is any other commandment]
Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns
ἐντολή
commandment
If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of commandment, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: [thing God has commanded]
Note 7 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive
ἐν τῷ λόγῳ τούτῳ, ἀνακεφαλαιοῦται
in ¬the word this ˓is_being˒_summed_up
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: [this word summed it up]
Note 8 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy
ἐν τῷ λόγῳ τούτῳ
in ¬the word this
Here Paul uses word to refer to a commandment that is made up of words. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [in this commandment]
Note 9 topic: writing-quotations
ἐν τῷ λόγῳ τούτῳ
in ¬the word this
Here Paul uses this word to indicate a quotation from the law that is written in the Old Testament ([Leviticus 19:18](../lev/19/18.md)). If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable phrase that indicates that Paul is quoting from an important text. Alternate translation: [in this commandment in the law]
Note 10 topic: figures-of-speech / quotemarks
ἀγαπήσεις τὸν πλησίον σου ὡς σεαυτόν
(Some words not found in SR-GNT: τό Γάρ Οὒ μοιχεύσεις Οὒ φονεύσεις Οὒ κλέψεις οὐκ ἐπιθυμήσεις καί εἰ τὶς ἑτέρα ἐντολή ἐν τῷ λόγῳ τούτῳ ἀνακεφαλαιοῦται ἐν τῷ Ἀγαπήσεις τόν πλησίον σοῦ ὡς σεαυτόν)
This sentence is a quotation from [Leviticus 19:18](../lev/19/18.md). It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this by setting off all of this material with quotation marks or with whatever punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate a quotation.
13:8-10 These verses discuss how believers relate to other people. If we truly love others, our actions will reflect all the commandments in the law that concern our relationships with other people.
OET (OET-LV) For/Because which:
Not you_will_be_committing_adultery:
Not you_will_be_murdering:
Not you_will_be_stealing:
not you_will_be_coveting, and if any other command in the message this, is_being_summed_up, in that:
You_will_be_loving the neighbour of_you as yourself.
OET (OET-RV) which is: Don’t commit adultery. Don’t murder. Don’t steal. Don’t covet what others have. All of those plus any other commands can be summarised as: Love your neighbour like you love yourself.
Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.
Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.