ROM 11:1 Interlinear View

1. Greek word
2. Greek lemma
3. OET-LV words
4. OET-RV words
5. Strongs
6. Role/Morphology
7. OET Gloss
8. VLT Gloss
9. CAPS codes
10. Confidence
11. OET tags
12. OET word #
1. λέγω
2. legō
3. I am asking
4. asking
5. 30040
6. VIPA1··S
7. ˱I˲ ˓am˒ asking
8. ˱I˲ ˓am˒ asking
9. -
10. Y60
11. 110065
1. Οὖν
2. oun
3. Therefore
4. Therefore
5. 37670
6. C·······
7. therefore
8. therefore
9. PS
10. Y60
11. 110066
1. μή
2. mē
3. not
4. -
5. 33610
6. T·······
7. not
8. not
9. -
10. Y60
11. 110067
1. ἀπώσατο
2. apōtheō
3. pushed away
4. -
5. 6830
6. VIAM3··S
7. pushed_away
8. pushed_away
9. -
10. Y60; F110079
11. 110068
1. ὁ
2. ho
3. the
4. -
5. 35880
6. E····NMS
7. ¬the
8. ¬the
9. -
10. Y60
11. 110069
1. Θεός
2. theos
3. god
4. God
5. 23160
6. N····NMS
7. god
8. God
9. GN
10. Y60; Person=God
11. 110070
1. τόν
2. ho
3. the
4. -
5. 35880
6. E····AMS
7. the
8. the
9. -
10. Y60
11. 110071
1. τήν
2. ho
3. -
4. -
5. 35880
6. E····AFS
7. the
8. the
9. -
10. -
11. 110072
1. λαόν
2. laos
3. people
4. people
5. 29920
6. N····AMS
7. people
8. people
9. -
10. Y60
11. 110073
1. κληρονομίαν
2. klēronomia
3. -
4. -
5. 28170
6. N····AFS
7. inheritance
8. inheritance
9. -
10. -
11. 110074
1. αὐτοῦ
2. autos
3. of him
4. his
5. 8460
6. R···3GMS
7. ˱of˲ him
8. ˱of˲ him
9. -
10. Y60
11. 110075
1. ὅν
2. hos
3. -
4. -
5. 37390
6. R····AMS
7. which
8. which
9. -
10. -
11. 110076
1. προέγνω
2. proginōskō
3. -
4. -
5. 42670
6. VIAA3··S
7. ˱he˲ foreknew
8. ˱he˲ foreknew
9. -
10. -
11. 110077
1. Μή
2. mē
3. Never
4. -
5. 33610
6. D·······
7. never
8. never
9. S
10. Y60
11. 110078
1. γένοιτο
2. ginomai
3. it might become
4. it
5. 10960
6. VOAM3··S
7. ˱it˲ ˓might˒ become
8. ˱it˲ ˓might˒ become
9. -
10. Y60; R110068
11. 110079
1. καί
2. kai
3. also
4. -
5. 25320
6. D·······
7. also
8. also
9. -
10. Y60
11. 110080
1. Γάρ
2. gar
3. For/Because
4. because
5. 10630
6. C·······
7. for
8. for
9. S
10. Y60
11. 110081
1. ἐγώ
2. egō
3. I
4. -
5. 14730
6. R···1N·S
7. I
8. I
9. -
10. Y60
11. 110082
1. Ἰσραηλίτης
2. israēlitēs
3. +an Israelite
4. Israeli
5. 24750
6. N····NMS
7. ˓an˒ Israelite
8. ˓an˒ Israelite
9. U
10. Y60
11. 110083
1. εἰμί
2. eimi
3. am
4. -
5. 15100
6. VIPA1··S
7. am
8. am
9. -
10. Y60
11. 110084
1. ἐκ
2. ek
3. of
4. -
5. 15370
6. P·······
7. of
8. of
9. -
10. Y60
11. 110085
1. σπέρματος
2. sperma
3. +the seed
4. -
5. 46900
6. N····GNS
7. ˓the˒ seed
8. ˓the˒ seed
9. -
10. Y60
11. 110086
1. Ἀβραάμ
2. abraam
3. of Abraʼam/(ʼAⱱrāhām)
4. Abraham
5. 110
6. N····GMS
7. ˱of˲ Abraʼam/(ʼAⱱrāhām)
8. ˱of˲ Abraham
9. U
10. Person=Abraham; Y60
11. 110087
1. φυλῆς
2. fulē
3. of +the tribe
4. tribe
5. 54430
6. N····GFS
7. ˱of˲ ˓the˒ tribe
8. ˱of˲ ˓the˒ tribe
9. -
10. Y60
11. 110088
1. Βενιαμίν
2. beniamin
3. of Beniamin/(Binyāmīn)
4. -
5. 9580
6. N····GMS
7. ˱of˲ Beniamin/(Binyāmīn)
8. ˱of˲ Benjamin
9. U
10. Person=Benjamin; Y60
11. 110089

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 11:1–10: God has not rejected the Jews

In this section Paul, using a rhetorical question, said that God had certainly not rejected his chosen people, the Jews. Then he spoke of several ways that showed that God has not rejected them. Paul spoke again of God’s grace being the basis for him choosing who will be his people. The basis is not what people do.

Then Paul explained why only some Jews have accepted Jesus as the Christ/Messiah. God caused some of them to reject Christ for his own purposes (which was so that many non-Jews would believe in Jesus (11:12)).

Here are other possible headings for this section:

God has kept a remnant of Jews as his people

At this time, in grace, God has chosen some Israelites/Jews

11:1a

I ask then, did God reject His people?

¶ So am I saying that God has abandoned/disowned his people Israel?
¶ So I ask, Does this mean that God has ended his relationship with his people, the Jews?

I ask then: Here the word then introduces something someone might think based on what Paul said in 10:21 (“But as for Israel he says: ‘All day long I have held out My hands to a disobedient and obstinate people.’”). For example:

So I ask (NET)

In many languages the word then (or “so”) must be first in the clause, as in the above example.

I ask: The Greek is literally “I say,” but it is more natural in many languages to translate as I ask, because a question follows.

did God reject His people?: This is a rhetorical question. Paul answered it in 11:1b. Here are other ways to translate this clause:

God has not rejected His people, has He? (NASB)

is it possible that God abandoned his people? (NJB)

Am I saying that God has turned his back on his people? (CEV)

reject: This Greek word refers here to no longer calling the Jews his chosen people and not doing things for them as he had promised. See the above examples.

His people: This phrase refers to the people of Israel (10:21). In some languages people would think a literal translation refers to Christians. If that is true in your language, indicate the correct meaning. For example:

his people Israel (GW)

his own people, the nation of Israel (NLT)

11:1b

Certainly not!

Certainly not!
No indeed!
Indeed, he has not!

Certainly not!: The Greek is literally “May it not be.” It indicates a very strong “no.” People are not to think that God has rejected his people Israel. See how you translated this phrase in 3:4 or 9:14.

11:1c

I am an Israelite myself, a descendant of Abraham,

For I myself am one of the people of Israel, I am a descendant of Abraham,
I say that because I belong to the people of Israel. I descend from Abraham,

I am an Israelite myself: The “-ite” ending in English means “a person of.” For example:

I am one of the people of Israel (CEV)

I am a man of Israel

a descendant: The Greek here is literally “seed.” Here it means descendant, like many English versions translate. Some languages can use a literal translation for the correct meaning. For example:

seed

Some languages must translate without the metaphor, as the BSB does.

11:1d

from the tribe of Benjamin.

I am from the clan of Benjamin.
and I belong to the group/clan of Benjamin, the son of Israel.

from the tribe of Benjamin: The Greek is literally “of the tribe/clan of Benjamin.” Benjamin was a son of the man Jacob, whom God named Israel. Benjamin’s descendants are then the clan of Benjamin. Here are other ways to translate this phrase:

from the clan of Benjamin

as for my ancestors, they came from the clan of the descendants of BenjaminTagbanwa Back Translation on TW.

a descendant of Benjamin

The BDAG defines the Greek word as “a subgroup of a nation.” The Greek word does not refer to a whole nation/people-group. The Jews are the nation of Israel. One of the twelve clans of Israel was the clan of Benjamin.

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: writing-pronouns

λέγω

˱I˲_˓am˒_asking

The pronoun I here refers to Paul. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: [I, Paul, say]

Note 2 topic: grammar-connect-logic-result

λέγω οὖν

˱I˲_˓am˒_asking (Some words not found in SR-GNT: λέγω Οὖν μή ἀπώσατο ὁ Θεός τόν λαόν αὐτοῦ Μή γένοιτο καί Γάρ ἐγώ Ἰσραηλίτης εἰμί ἐκ σπέρματος Ἀβραάμ φυλῆς Βενιαμίν)

Here, then indicates that what follows in this verse is the logical conclusion to what Paul has stated in [9:30](../09/30.md)–[10:21](../10/21.md). Use a natural way in your language for indicating result. Alternate translation: [As a result, I say]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / rquestion

μὴ ἀπώσατο ὁ Θεὸς τὸν λαὸν αὐτοῦ?

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: λέγω Οὖν μή ἀπώσατο ὁ Θεός τόν λαόν αὐτοῦ Μή γένοιτο καί Γάρ ἐγώ Ἰσραηλίτης εἰμί ἐκ σπέρματος Ἀβραάμ φυλῆς Βενιαμίν)

Paul is not asking for information, but is using a rhetorical question here to emphasize the truth of what he is saying. If you would not use a rhetorical question for this purpose in your language, you could translate his words as statements or exclamations and communicate the emphasis in another way. Alternate translation: [Surely God did not reject his people!]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

τὸν λαὸν αὐτοῦ

Here, his people refers to the Jewish people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: [his people, the Jews]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / exclamations

μὴ γένοιτο

See how you translated this phrase in [3:4](../03/04.md) and [6:2](../06/02.md).

Note 6 topic: grammar-connect-logic-result

γὰρ

For indicates that what follows this word explains what came before it. Here, For introduces the reason why what Paul said earlier in the verse is true. Use a natural way in your language for indicating a reason. Alternate translation: [This is due to the fact that]

Note 7 topic: figures-of-speech / rpronouns

καὶ & ἐγὼ & εἰμί

Paul uses the word myself to emphasize that he is proof that God has not rejected the Israelites. Use a way that is natural in your language to indicate this emphasis. Alternate translation: [I, indeed, also am]

Note 8 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

σπέρματος

˓the˒_seed

Here, seed is singular but refers to a group of people. See how you translated seed in [4:13](../04/13.md).

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

1. OET-LV words
2. OET-RV words
3. Strongs
4. Greek word
5. Greek lemma
6. Role/Morphology
7. OET Gloss
8. VLT Gloss
9. CAPS codes
10. Confidence
11. OET tags
12. OET word #
1. Therefore
2. Therefore
3. 37670
4. PS
5. oun
6. C-·······
7. therefore
8. therefore
9. PS
10. Y60
11. 110066
1. I am asking
2. asking
3. 30040
5. legō
6. V-IPA1··S
7. ˱I˲ ˓am˒ asking
8. ˱I˲ ˓am˒ asking
9. -
10. Y60
11. 110065
1. not
2. -
3. 33610
5. mē
6. T-·······
7. not
8. not
9. -
10. Y60
11. 110067
1. pushed away
2. -
3. 6830
5. apōtheō
6. V-IAM3··S
7. pushed_away
8. pushed_away
9. -
10. Y60; F110079
11. 110068
1. the
2. -
3. 35880
5. ho
6. E-····NMS
7. ¬the
8. ¬the
9. -
10. Y60
11. 110069
1. god
2. God
3. 23160
4. GN
5. theos
6. N-····NMS
7. god
8. God
9. GN
10. Y60; Person=God
11. 110070
1. the
2. -
3. 35880
5. ho
6. E-····AMS
7. the
8. the
9. -
10. Y60
11. 110071
1. people
2. people
3. 29920
5. laos
6. N-····AMS
7. people
8. people
9. -
10. Y60
11. 110073
1. of him
2. his
3. 8460
5. autos
6. R-···3GMS
7. ˱of˲ him
8. ˱of˲ him
9. -
10. Y60
11. 110075
1. Never
2. -
3. 33610
4. S
5. mē
6. D-·······
7. never
8. never
9. S
10. Y60
11. 110078
1. it might become
2. it
3. 10960
5. ginomai
6. V-OAM3··S
7. ˱it˲ ˓might˒ become
8. ˱it˲ ˓might˒ become
9. -
10. Y60; R110068
11. 110079
1. For/Because
2. because
3. 10630
4. S
5. gar
6. C-·······
7. for
8. for
9. S
10. Y60
11. 110081
1. also
2. -
3. 25320
5. kai
6. D-·······
7. also
8. also
9. -
10. Y60
11. 110080
1. I
2. -
3. 14730
5. egō
6. R-···1N·S
7. I
8. I
9. -
10. Y60
11. 110082
1. +an Israelite
2. Israeli
3. 24750
4. U
5. israēlitēs
6. N-····NMS
7. ˓an˒ Israelite
8. ˓an˒ Israelite
9. U
10. Y60
11. 110083
1. am
2. -
3. 15100
5. eimi
6. V-IPA1··S
7. am
8. am
9. -
10. Y60
11. 110084
1. of
2. -
3. 15370
5. ek
6. P-·······
7. of
8. of
9. -
10. Y60
11. 110085
1. +the seed
2. -
3. 46900
5. sperma
6. N-····GNS
7. ˓the˒ seed
8. ˓the˒ seed
9. -
10. Y60
11. 110086
1. of Abraʼam/(ʼAⱱrāhām)
2. Abraham
3. 110
4. U
5. abraam
6. N-····GMS
7. ˱of˲ Abraʼam/(ʼAⱱrāhām)
8. ˱of˲ Abraham
9. U
10. Person=Abraham; Y60
11. 110087
1. of +the tribe
2. tribe
3. 54430
5. fulē
6. N-····GFS
7. ˱of˲ ˓the˒ tribe
8. ˱of˲ ˓the˒ tribe
9. -
10. Y60
11. 110088
1. of Beniamin/(Binyāmīn)
2. -
3. 9580
4. U
5. beniamin
6. N-····GMS
7. ˱of˲ Beniamin/(Binyāmīn)
8. ˱of˲ Benjamin
9. U
10. Person=Benjamin; Y60
11. 110089

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.