HOS 5:13 Parallel Verse View

Note: This view shows ‘verses’ which are not natural language units and hence sometimes only part of a sentence will be visible—click on any Bible version abbreviation down the left-hand side to see the verse in more of its context. Normally the OET discourages the reading of individual ‘verses’, but this view is only designed as a tool for doing comparisons of different translations—the older translations are further down the page (so you can read up from the bottom to trace the English translation history). The OET segments on this page are still very early looks into the unfinished texts of the Open English Translation of the Bible—please double-check these texts in advance before using in public.

Text critical issues=small word differences Clarity of original=clear Importance to us=normal (All still tentative.)

Key: khaki:verbs, red:negative.
Note: Automatic aligning of the OET-RV to the LV is done by some temporary software, hence the OET-RV alignments are incomplete (and may occasionally be wrong).

BrLXX Καὶ εἶδεν Ἐφραὶμ τὴν νόσον αὐτοῦ, καὶ Ἰούδας τὴν ὀδύνην αὐτοῦ· καὶ ἐπορεύθη Ἐφραὶμ πρὸς Ἀσσυρίους, καὶ ἀπέστειλε πρέσβεις πρὸς βασιλέα Ἰαρείμ· καὶ οὗτος οὐκ ἠδυνάσθη ἰάσασθαι ὑμᾶς, καὶ οὐ μὴ διαπαύσῃ ἐξ ὑμῶν ὀδύνη.
(Kai eiden Efraim taʸn noson autou, kai Youdas taʸn odunaʸn autou; kai eporeuthaʸ Efraim pros Assurious, kai apesteile presbeis pros basilea Yareim; kai houtos ouk aʸdunasthaʸ iasasthai humas, kai ou maʸ diapausaʸ ex humōn odunaʸ. )

BrTr And Ephraim saw his disease, and Judas his pain; then Ephraim went to the Assyrians, and sent ambassadors to king Jarim: but he could not heal you, and your pain shall in nowise cease from you.

ULT When Ephraim saw his sickness,
⇔ and Judah his wound,
⇔ then Ephraim went to Assyria,
⇔ and sent to the great king.
⇔ But he is not able to cure you
⇔ or heal your wound.

UST When the people of Ephraim realized how weak they were,
⇔ then they asked the people of Assyria for help.
⇔ When the people of Judah realized how weak they were,
⇔ they sent messengers to the great king of Assyria.
⇔ But he could not help you people;
⇔ he could not make you people strong again.

OEB For when Ephraim saw their sickness
⇔ and Israel their wound,
⇔ Ephraim turned to Assyria,
⇔ to its patron king.
⇔ But he cannot heal you
⇔ nor relieve you of your wound.

WEBBE ⇔ “When Ephraim saw his sickness,
⇔ and Judah his wound,
⇔ then Ephraim went to Assyria,
⇔ and sent to King Jareb:
⇔ but he is not able to heal you,
⇔ neither will he cure you of your wound.

WMBB (Same as above)

NET When Ephraim saw his sickness
⇔ and Judah saw his wound,
⇔ then Ephraim turned to Assyria,
⇔ and begged its great king for help.
⇔ But he will not be able to heal you!
⇔ He cannot cure your wound!

LSV And Ephraim sees his sickness, and Judah his wound,
And Ephraim goes to Asshur,
And sends to a warlike king,
And he is not able to give healing to you,
Nor does he remove a scar from you.

FBV When Ephraim saw how sick they were, and Judah saw how wounded they were, Ephraim turned to the great king of Assyria for help, but he could not heal them or cure their wounds.

T4T ⇔ When the leaders of Israel and Judah saw that the people were suffering
⇔ because of what their enemies were doing to them [MET],
⇔ they sent messages to the great King of Assyria
⇔ requesting his help.
⇔ But he cannot help you;
⇔ he cannot cause you to stop suffering,
⇔ because I am the one who is punishing Israel and Judah.

LEB   • And when Ephraim saw his illness, and Judah his wound,
• Ephraim went to Assyria,
  • he sent to the great king.[fn]
• But he was unable to cure you
  • and heal your wound.

5:? Some translate literally “King Jareb” (see the NASB, NKJV)

BBE When Ephraim saw his disease and Judah his wound, then Ephraim went to Assyria and sent to the great king; but he is not able to make you well or give you help for your wound.

Moff ⇔ When Ephraim noticed his decay,
⇔ and Judah his disease,
⇔ Ephraim turned to Assyria,
⇔ Judah to the great Monarch,
⇔ But he cannot heal you,
⇔ your disease he cannot cure;

JPS And when Ephraim saw his sickness, and Judah his wound, Ephraim went to Assyria, and sent to King Contentious; but he is not able to heal you, neither shall he cure you of your wound.

ASV When Ephraim saw his sickness, and Judah saw his wound, then went Ephraim to Assyria, and sent to king Jareb: but he is not able to heal you, neither will he cure you of your wound.

DRA And Ephraim saw his sickness, and Juda his band: and Ephraim went to the Assyrian, and sent to the avenging king: and he shall not be able to heal you, neither shall he be able to take off the band from you.

YLT And see doth Ephraim his sickness, and Judah his wound, And Ephraim goeth unto Asshur, And sendeth unto a warlike king, And he is not able to give healing to you, Nor doth he remove from you a scar.

Drby When Ephraim saw his sickness, and Judah his sore, then went Ephraim to the Assyrian, and sent to king Jareb; but he was unable to heal you, nor hath he removed your sore.

RV When Ephraim saw his sickness, and Judah saw his wound, then went Ephraim to Assyria, and sent to king Jareb: but he is not able to heal you, neither shall he cure you of your wound.
(When Ephraim saw his sickness, and Yudah saw his wound, then went Ephraim to Assyria, and sent to king Jareb: but he is not able to heal you, neither shall he cure you of your wound. )

SLT And Ephraim will see his disease and Judah his wound, and Ephraim will go to Assur, and he will send to king Jareb: and he will not be able to heal for you, and he will not remove from you the wound.

Wbstr When Ephraim saw his sickness, and Judah saw his wound, then Ephraim went to the Assyrian, and sent to king Jareb: yet he could not heal you, nor cure you of your wound.

KJB-1769 When Ephraim saw his sickness, and Judah saw his wound, then went Ephraim to the Assyrian, and sent to king Jareb: yet could he not heal you, nor cure you of your wound.[fn]
(When Ephraim saw his sickness, and Yudah saw his wound, then went Ephraim to the Assyrian, and sent to king Jareb: yet could he not heal you, nor cure you of your wound. )

5.13 king Jareb: or, the king of Jareb: or, the king that should plead

KJB-1611 [fn]When Ephraim saw his sicknesse, and Iudah saw his wound: then went Ephraim to the Assyrian, and sent to king Iareb; yet could he not heale you, nor cure you of your wound.
(Modernised spelling is same as from KJB-1769 above, apart from punctuation and footnotes)

5:13 Or, to the king of Iareb. Or, to the king that should plead.

Bshps When Ephraim sawe his sicknesse, and Iuda his disease, Ephraim went vnto Assur, and sent vnto kyng Iareb, yet coulde not he helpe you, nor ease you of your payne.
(When Ephraim saw his sickness, and Yudah his disease, Ephraim went unto Assur, and sent unto king Yareb, yet could not he help you, nor ease you of your payne.)

Gnva When Ephraim sawe his sickenes, and Iudah his wound, then went Ephraim vnto Asshur, and sent vnto King Iareb: yet coulde hee not heale you, nor cure you of your wound.
(When Ephraim saw his sickness, and Yudah his wound, then went Ephraim unto Asshur, and sent unto King Yareb: yet could he not heal you, nor cure you of your wound. )

Cvdl When Ephraim sawe his sicknesse, and Iuda his disease: Ephraim wente vnto Assur, and sent vnto kinge Iareb: yet coude not he helpe you, ner ease you of youre payne.
(When Ephraim saw his sickness, and Yudah his disease: Ephraim went unto Assur, and sent unto king Yareb: yet could not he help you, nor ease you of your(pl) payne.)

Wycl And Effraym siy his sikenesse, and Judas siy his boond. And Effraym yede to Assur, and sente to the kyng veniere. And he mai not saue you, nether he mai vnbynde the boond fro you.
(And Ephraim saw his sickness, and Yudas saw his boond. And Ephraim went to Assur, and sent to the king veniere. And he may not save you, neither he may unbind/untie the bond from you.)

Luth Und da Ephraim seine Krankheit und Juda seine Wunden fühlete, zog Ephraim hin zu Assur und schickte zum Könige zu Jareb; aber er konnte euch nicht helfen noch eure Wunden heilen.
(And there Ephraim his illness and Yuda his wounds felt, pulled Ephraim there/therefore to/for Assur and sent for_the king(s) to/for Yareb; but he could you not help still your(pl) wounds heal.)

ClVg Et vidit Ephraim languorem suum, et Juda vinculum suum; et abiit Ephraim ad Assur, et misit ad regem ultorem: et ipse non poterit sanare vos, nec solvere poterit a vobis vinculum.
(And he_saw Ephraim with_languor/tiredness/inactivitym his_own, and Yuda vinculum his_own; and he_went/is_gone Ephraim to Assur, and he_sent to the_king ultorem: and exactly_that/himself not/no will_be_able to_heal you(pl), but_not to_solve will_be_able from to_you(pl) vinculum. )

SOTN SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 5:8–15: The LORD will judge the people by war

In 5:8–11, the LORD warned Israel and Judah that he would soon destroy them by means of the enemy that had come to wage war against them. He also accused them of various kinds of sin. In 5:12–15, the LORD compared his judgment to destructive things like a moth, wood rot, and a lion. He assured the people that they would be destroyed in spite of their attempt to get help from Assyria. We do not know with certainty the date and the details of the war. However, some scholars believe that this is the war that is mentioned in 2 Kings 16:5–9 and 2 Chronicles 28:5–23.This may be the Syro-Ephraimite war, 735–732 B.C.E. In that war the kingdoms of Israel and Syria united to fight against the kingdoms of Assyria and Judah. The war greatly harmed both Israel and Judah. Israel and Syria lost the war, and the king of Assyria took control of most of the land of Israel. See Andersen and Freedman (pages 402–403), Hubbard (pages 118–122), Stuart (page 101), and Macintosh (page 194) for more details.

Here are some other examples of section headings:

War between Judah and Israel (GNT)

The Lord warns Israel and Judah (CEV)

5:13a–b

(combined/reordered)

When the leaders of Israel and Judah became aware that their nations were like a person who had a terrible disease or had many infected sores/wounds,
When the people who ruled Israel and Judah saw/noticed that their countrymen were experiencing hardship and suffering,

Notice the parallel parts that are similar in meaning:

^13aWhen Ephraim saw his sickness

^13band Judah his wound,

These lines contain parallel metaphors. In these metaphors the LORD compares the hardship of the people of Israel and Judah to the suffering caused by a sickness and a wound.

When: This word introduces what happened at that time, following the start of the LORD’s judgment. At that time, Ephraim and Judah realized their difficult situations. This word also introduces the reason that they turned to the king of Assyria for help in 5:13c–d.

Ephraim…Judah: Here these names probably refer particularly to the leaders of the kingdoms of Israel and Judah. The leaders are the ones who would turn to Assyria for help. If it will be clearer or more natural to make this information explicit in your language, you may do so. For example:

the leaders of Israel…the leaders of Judah

saw: In this context, this word means “became aware of” or “realized.” For example:

when Ephraim became aware of his sickness (NJPS)

When the leaders of Ephraim realized that their nation was sick

his sickness…his wound: The first of these parallel terms can refer to any illness or disease. The second term is more specific. It refers to an infected wound or to an oozing ulcer or boil. Here both terms are figurative. They probably refer to hardships or weakness that the people were experiencing as a result of war.

General Comment on 5:13a–b

In some languages, the metaphors in these parallel lines may be incorrectly understood as literal sickness or wounds.

If that is true in your language, here are some other ways to translate these metaphors:

Change the metaphors to similes. If necessary, make explicit what is being compared. For example:
^13a The hardship that the people of Israel were experiencing was like a sickness.
^13b The people of Judah were suffering like a person who has infected/oozing sores/boils. When they saw this,
^13aWhen the leaders of Israel realized that the hardship of their people was like a sickness,
^13band when the rulers of Judah found out that the people were as if covered with infected sores,
Translate the meaning without using figures of speech. For example:
^13aWhen the people of Israel noticed the troubles that they were facing,
^13bwhen the people of Judah saw how weak their country had become,

In some languages, it may be more natural to reorder and/or combine these parallel statements. For example:

When Israel and Judah saw how sick they were (NLT)

The leaders of Israel and Judah realized that their countries had become very weak and their people were undergoing great hardship.

5:13a

When Ephraim saw his sickness

The leaders of Israel saw how weak their country was, like a very sick person.

5:13b

and Judah his wound,

The leaders of Judah also realized how much their countrymen were suffering, like a person covered with sores.

5:13c–d

(combined/reordered)

they asked the great king of Assyria for help.
they sent messengers to request help from the powerful ruler in Assyria.

Notice the parallel parts that are similar in meaning:

^13cthen Ephraim turned to Assyria,

^13dand sent to the great king.

These lines give the result of the action described in 5:13a–b. There it says that Ephraim and Judah saw their sicknesses.

Ephraim turned to Assyria and sent to the great king: There are two ways to interpret the subject of the verb sent in these parallel verse parts:

Both Ephraim and Judah turned to the king of Assyria for help. Judah is the implied subject of the verb sent in 5:13d. For example:
^13c Ephraim went to Assyria,
^13dand Judah sent to the great king. (NAB) (NAB)
Ephraim turned to the king of Assyria for help. Ephraim is the implied subject of the verb sent in the second line. For example:
^13cthen Ephraim went to Assyria,
^13dand sent to the great king. (NRSV) (BSB, CEV, ESV, GNT, GW, KJV, NCV, NASB, NET, NIV, NJB, NJPS, NLT, NRSV)

It is recommended that you follow interpretation (1) along with a slight majority of commentaries.Commentaries that support Judah as the subject of 5:13d include Andersen and Freedman, Davies, Hubbard, Macintosh, Stuart. and Pusey. Commentaries that support Ephraim/Israel as the subject of 5:13d as well as 5:13c include Keil, Wood, McComiskey, Lange, and probably Dearman. However, most versions follow interpretation (2). You may decide to follow (2) if it will be more acceptable to your readers.

The parallelism, pronoun use, and historical context all favor interpretation (1). To be more specific:

Ephraim and Judah occur as a parallel pair in both the preceding and following contexts (5:5b–c, 5:12a–b, 5:13a–b, and 5:14a–b).
The plural pronoun “you” in 5:13e–f suggests that both Ephraim and Judah are referred to here. Plural pronouns are also used in 5:6–7 and 5:15, where the context indicates both Ephraim and Judah.See Andersen and Freedman (page 413). Where the context refers to a single tribe or nation, singular pronouns, both second person and third person, are used consistently throughout this chapter. See especially 5:8d and 5:3c, where you^(sing) is used to refer to a single group.
Historically, King Hoshea of Israel and King Ahaz of Judah both sought the help of Assyria in situations that fit the context of these verses.Davies, Hubbard, and Stuart (cited above) all identify Hoshea and Ahaz as the kings that are referred to here.

turned to Assyria and sent to the great king: These two parallel phrases refer to the same event. They indicate that the leaders of Israel and Judah requested help from the king of Assyria.The KJV and NASB have “king Jareb” rather than “great king.” A large majority of commentators and versions support the meaning, “great king.” The king of Assyria was very powerful at that time.

In context, it is implied that the leaders sent for help. In some languages, it may be helpful to make this information explicit. For example:

and sent to the great king for help (NIV)

It is implied that the leaders sent representatives to request this help. In some languages, it may be helpful to make this information explicit. For example:

sent messengers (NJB)

General Comment on 5:13c–d

In some languages, it may be more natural to combine and/or reorder these parallel statements. For example:

they each asked the king of Assyria to help them

5:13c

then Ephraim turned to Assyria

So the leaders of Israel sent representatives to Assyria.

5:13d

and sent to the great king.

The leaders/representatives of Judah also asked the great king there for help.

5:13e–f

(combined/reordered)

But he cannot heal what is wrong with you^(plur).
But that ruler is not able to rescue you from your troubles/difficulties.

Notice the parallel parts that are similar in meaning:

^13eBut he cannot cure you

^13for heal your wound.

These lines continue to use the metaphors from 5:13a–b. Here the LORD compares the king’s inability to relieve the people’s hardships to a doctor’s inability to cure an illness or an infected wound.

But: This word introduces a negative conclusion to the leaders’ request for help in 5:13c–d. They hoped that the king of Assyria could help them, but he could not. Use a natural way in your language to introduce this kind of negative contrast.

he cannot cure you or heal your wound: These parallel lines both refer to the same situation. The king does not have the ability to cure their figurative sicknesses and wounds. He cannot deliver them from the hardships that result from the LORD’s judgment.

you or…your: In Hebrew, these pronouns are plural. They probably refer to both Israel and Judah.

General Comment on 5:13e–f

In some languages, it may be more natural to combine and/or reorder these parallel statements. For example:

But he is not able to rescue you from my punishment.

5:13e

But he cannot cure you

But the king cannot cure your^(plur) sicknesses.

5:13f

or heal your wound.

It is not possible for him to heal your^(plur) sores.

Parallel HOS 5:13

Section 5:8–15: The LORD will judge the people by war

5:13a–b

General Comment on 5:13a–b

5:13a

5:13b

5:13c–d

General Comment on 5:13c–d

5:13c

5:13d

5:13e–f

General Comment on 5:13e–f

5:13e

5:13f