HOS 5:3 Parallel Verse View

Note: This view shows ‘verses’ which are not natural language units and hence sometimes only part of a sentence will be visible—click on any Bible version abbreviation down the left-hand side to see the verse in more of its context. Normally the OET discourages the reading of individual ‘verses’, but this view is only designed as a tool for doing comparisons of different translations—the older translations are further down the page (so you can read up from the bottom to trace the English translation history). The OET segments on this page are still very early looks into the unfinished texts of the Open English Translation of the Bible—please double-check these texts in advance before using in public.

Text critical issues=none Clarity of original=clear Importance to us=normal (All still tentative.)

Key: khaki:verbs, red:negative.
Note: Automatic aligning of the OET-RV to the LV is done by some temporary software, hence the OET-RV alignments are incomplete (and may occasionally be wrong).

BrLXX ἐγὼ ἔγνων τὸν Ἐφραὶμ, καὶ Ἰσραὴλ οὐκ ἀπέστη ἀπʼ ἐμοῦ· διότι νῦν ἐξεπόρνευσεν Ἐφραὶμ, ἐμιάνθη Ἰσραήλ.
(egō egnōn ton Efraim, kai Israaʸl ouk apestaʸ apʼ emou; dioti nun exeporneusen Efraim, emianthaʸ Israaʸl. )

BrTr I know Ephraim, and Israel is not far from me: for now Ephraim has gone grievously a-whoring, Israel is defiled.

ULT I know Ephraim,
⇔ and Israel is not hidden from me;
⇔ for now, O Ephraim, you have played the harlot;
⇔ Israel is defiled.

UST You, the people in Ephraim, the center of Israel—I know you.
⇔ I know very well what you are like, you people of Israel.
⇔ You people in Ephraim, you have acted like prostitutes.
⇔ Yes, you people in Israel are polluted.

5:3 That is, the northern kingdom of Israel; also in verses 5, 9, 11, 12, 13, and 14

OEB I know Ephraim,
⇔ Israel is not hidden from me,
⇔ for you, Ephraim, have committed prostitution
⇔ and Israel is defiled.

WEBBE I know Ephraim,
⇔ and Israel is not hidden from me;
⇔ for now, Ephraim, you have played the prostitute.
⇔ Israel is defiled.

WMBB (Same as above)

NET I know Ephraim all too well;
⇔ the evil of Israel is not hidden from me.
⇔ For you have engaged in prostitution, O Ephraim;
⇔ Israel has defiled itself.

LSV I have known Ephraim,
And Israel has not been hid from Me,
For now you have gone whoring, Ephraim,
Israel is defiled.

FBV I know Ephraim very well, and Israel cannot hide from me, for now Ephraim is a prostitute and Israel is defiled.

T4T I know everything about the people of Israel;
⇔ nothing that they have done is hidden from me.
⇔ Because the people of Israel have given themselves to worshiping idols
⇔ like [MET] prostitutes give themselves to the men they sleep with,
⇔ they have become unacceptable to me.

LEB • I myself know Ephraim, and Israel is not hidden from me;
• because now you have played the whore, O Ephraim—
• Israel is defiled.

BBE I have knowledge of Ephraim, and Israel is not secret from me; for now, O Ephraim, you have been false to me, Israel has become unclean.

Moff ⇔ Well do I know Ephraim,
⇔ Israel is no secret to me
⇔ (you play the harlot, Ephraim,
⇔ Israel stains herself).

JPS I, even I, know Ephraim, and Israel is not hid from Me; for now, O Ephraim, thou hast committed harlotry, Israel is defiled.

ASV I know Ephraim, and Israel is not hid from me; for now, O Ephraim, thou hast played the harlot, Israel is defiled.

DRA I know Ephraim, and Israel is not hid from me: for now Ephraim hath committed fornication, Israel is defiled.

YLT I have known Ephraim, And Israel hath not been hid from me, For now thou hast gone a-whoring, Ephraim, Defiled is Israel.

Drby I know Ephraim, and Israel is not hid from me; for now, Ephraim, thou hast committed whoredom; Israel is defiled.

RV I know Ephraim, and Israel is not hid from me: for now, O Ephraim, thou hast committed whoredom, Israel is defiled.
(I know Ephraim, and Israel is not hid from me: for now, Oh Ephraim, thou/you hast committed whoredom/prostitution, Israel is defiled. )

SLT I knew Ephraim and Israel were not hid from me: for now thou didst commit fornication, O Ephraim; Israel was deified.

Wbstr I know Ephraim, and Israel is not hid from me: for now, O Ephraim, thou art guilty of lewdness, and Israel is defiled.

KJB-1769 I know Ephraim, and Israel is not hid from me: for now, O Ephraim, thou committest whoredom, and Israel is defiled.
(I know Ephraim, and Israel is not hid from me: for now, Oh Ephraim, thou/you committest whoredom/prostitution, and Israel is defiled. )

KJB-1611 I know Ephraim, and Israel is not hid from me: for now, O Ephraim, thou committest whordome, and Israel is defiled.
(Modernised spelling is same as from KJB-1769 above)

Bshps I knowe Ephraim well inough, and Israel is not hid fro me: for nowe O Ephraim thou art become an harlot, and Israel is defiled.
(I know Ephraim well enough, and Israel is not hid from me: for now Oh Ephraim thou/you art become an harlot, and Israel is defiled.)

Gnva I knowe Ephraim, and Israel is not hid from me: for nowe, O Ephraim thou art become an harlot, and Israel is defiled.
(I know Ephraim, and Israel is not hid from me: for now, Oh Ephraim thou/you art become an harlot, and Israel is defiled. )

Cvdl I knowe Ephraim well ynough, & Israel is not hyd fro me: for Ephraim is become an harlot, and Israel is defyled.
(I know Ephraim well enough, and Israel is not hid from me: for Ephraim is become an harlot, and Israel is defiled.)

Wycl Y knowe Effraym, and Israel is not hid fro me; for now Effraym dide fornicacioun, Israel is defoulid.
(I know Ephraim, and Israel is not hid from me; for now Ephraim did fornication, Israel is defiled.)

Luth Ich kenne Ephraim wohl, und Israel ist vor mir nicht verborgen, daß Ephraim nun eine Hure ist, und Israel ist unrein.
(I know Ephraim probably/well, and Israel is before/in_front_of to_me not hidden/concealed, that Ephraim now a/one whore(n) is, and Israel is unclean.)

ClVg Ego scio Ephraim, et Israël non est absconditus a me: quia nunc fornicatus est Ephraim; contaminatus est Israël.
(I I_know Ephraim, and Israel not/no it_is hidden from me: because now fornicatus it_is Ephraim; contaminatus it_is Israel. )

SOTN SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 5:1–7: The LORD will judge the people of Israel and Judah

In 5:1–4, the LORD condemned the people of Israel and Judah, including the priests and leaders, for their corruption, immorality, and idolatry. In 5:5–7, he warned them that he would leave them and allow them to be destroyed.

Here are some other examples of section headings:

Israel and Judah will be judged (CEV)

Punishment Coming for Israel and Judah (ESV)

Paragraph 5:1–4

In this paragraph, the LORD made an accusation against the people of Israel. He made it clear that he knew everything they did. Nothing was hidden from him. He concluded by declaring that his people no longer knew him.

Since this paragraph occurs at the beginning of a new section, it may be helpful in some languages to make explicit that the LORD is the one who was speaking. For example, the CEV begins this paragraph with:

The Lord said (CEV)

Here is another way to introduce the paragraph:

The LORD continued to speak. He said

5:3a–b

(combined/reordered)

I see every evil thing that the people of Israel secretly do.

Notice the parallel parts that are similar in meaning:

^3a I know all about Ephraim,

^3band Israel is not hidden from Me.

In Hebrew and in the BSB, the parallel parts are arranged in the form of a chiasm. The parts in 5:3a occur in the opposite order from the parallel parts in 5:3b. Some versions do not use a chiasm. For example:

^3a Ephraim have I known,

^3b Israel is not hidden from me; (NJB)

Use an order that is natural in your language.

In these lines the LORD indicated that he knows everything that the people of Israel do. In some languages, it may be helpful to make explicit what the LORD knows about the people. For example:

^3aI know Ephraim all too well;

^3b the evil of Israel is not hidden from me. (NET)

I know all about…is not hidden from Me: Each of these two phrases has a similar meaning. In this context, the meaning is that the LORD knows all about the evil deeds of the people. They may think that they are doing evil in secret, but he sees everything they do.The REB interprets these parallel phrases in a positive sense. It has: “I have cared for Ephraim and not neglected Israel.” The NJB is more literal. It has: “Ephraim have I known, Israel is not hidden from me.” However, it probably follows the same interpretation as the REB, because it introduces the next two lines (5:3c–d) as a contrast, similar to the REB.

Ephraim…Israel: In these parallel lines, Ephraim is probably a figure of speech (synecdoche) that represents all the people of the nation of Israel.

General Comment on 5:3a–b

In some languages, it may be more natural to combine one or more of the parallel parts. For example:

I know what Israel is like—she cannot hide from me. (GNT)

I know what you are like, O Israel! (NLT96)

5:3a

I know all about Ephraim,

I know what the descendants/people of Ephraim are like.
I see everything that you^(plur) Israelites do.

5:3b

and Israel is not hidden from Me.

Yes, I know the evil secrets of the Israelites.
Nothing you^(plur) do is hidden from me.

5:3c–d

(combined/reordered)

Yes, the Israelites are like a prostitute. They are not fit to worship me.

Notice the parallel parts that are similar in meaning:

^3cFor now, O Ephraim, you have turned to prostitution;

^3d Israel is defiled.

There are at least two ways to interpret the connection between 5:3c–d and 5:3a–b:

Line 5:3c begins with two Hebrew words that indicate emphasis. These words introduce parallel statements (5:3c–d) that explain in more detail what the LORD said in 5:3a–b.The two Hebrew words are ki ʿattah. A number of English versions, including the RSV, NASB, and ESV, translate these words as “for now.” These versions may intend these words to have an explanatory relationship to 5:3a–b. Commentaries do not support a causal relationship. These statements specify that Ephraim has turned to prostitution and Israel is corrupt. For example:
Behold, you have fornicated, O Ephraim; Israel has defiled himself! (NJPS) (BSB, NJPS)
Line 5:3c begins with two Hebrew words that indicate a contrast. These words introduce parallel statements (5:3c–d) that contrast with what the LORD said in 5:3a–b. According to this interpretation, the LORD knew and cared for Ephraim/Israel, but they responded by turning to immorality and defiling themselves. For example:
but now Ephraim has become promiscuous and Israel has brought defilement on himself (REB) (NJB, REB)

It is recommended that you follow interpretation (1). The some versions leave the connection between 5:3c–d and 5:3a–b implied.

Ephraim…Israel: See the note for 5:3a–b.

you have turned to prostitution: The Hebrew word that the BSB translates as you have turned to prostitution is the same word as in 4:10 and 4:18. It means “fornication” with a person or “unfaithfulness” towards God. Here it probably means both at the same time.

Here are some other ways to translate it:

she has been unfaithful (GNT)

Ephraim has become promiscuous (REB)

is defiled: The Hebrew word that the BSB translates as is defiled is literally “it has made itself unclean.” The word refers to the people’s moral impurity. It also refers to their spiritual impurity that was caused by breaking the commands of their covenant with the LORD. The people were guilty of both kinds of impurity.

Here are some other ways to translate this line:

Israel is corrupt (NIV)

I find you unacceptable (CEV)

her people are unfit to worship me (GNT)

General Comment on 5:3c–d

In some languages, it may be more natural to combine and/or reorder the parallel parts. For example:

Now that Israel acts like a prostitute, it has made itself unclean. (NCV)

Israel has defiled herself like a prostitute!

5:3c

For now, O Ephraim, you have turned to prostitution;

Indeed! You^(plur) descendants/people of Ephraim are unfaithful to me like an adulteress is unfaithful to her husband.

5:3d

Israel is defiled.

You^(plur) people of Israel are defiled!

Parallel HOS 5:3