OET interlinear NEH 10:31

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: grammar-connect-logic-result

וְ⁠עַמֵּ֣י הָ⁠אָ֡רֶץ הַֽ⁠מְבִיאִים֩ אֶת־הַ⁠מַּקָּח֨וֹת וְ⁠כָל־שֶׁ֜בֶר בְּ⁠י֤וֹם הַ⁠שַּׁבָּת֙ לִ⁠מְכּ֔וֹר לֹא־נִקַּ֥ח מֵ⁠הֶ֛ם בַּ⁠שַּׁבָּ֖ת

(Some words not found in UHB: and,the_peoples_of the=earth/land [who],bring DOM (the),wares and=all grain in/on=day of,the_sabbath to,sell not buy from=them on,sabbath and,on,a_day_of holy and,we_will_leave DOM the,year (the),seventh and,usury_of all hand )

If it would be helpful in your language, you could reverse the order of these phrases since the second phrase gives the reason for the result that is described in the first phrase. Alternate translation: [If people from other groups bring goods or grain to sell on the Sabbath, we will not buy any from them.]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

בַּ⁠שַּׁבָּ֖ת

(Some words not found in UHB: and,the_peoples_of the=earth/land [who],bring DOM (the),wares and=all grain in/on=day of,the_sabbath to,sell not buy from=them on,sabbath and,on,a_day_of holy and,we_will_leave DOM the,year (the),seventh and,usury_of all hand )

The implication is that the Israelites are promising not to buy anything because the Sabbath is a day for rest and worship, not for buying and selling. If it would be helpful in your language, you could say this explicitly. Alternate translation: [on the Sabbath, we will not buy any from them, because Yahweh has told us not to buy or sell on the Sabbath]

וּ⁠בְ⁠י֣וֹם קֹ֑דֶשׁ

and,on,a_day_of holy

Alternate translation: [on a festival day] or [during a festival]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / ellipsis

וְ⁠נִטֹּ֛שׁ אֶת־הַ⁠שָּׁנָ֥ה הַ⁠שְּׁבִיעִ֖ית

(Some words not found in UHB: and,the_peoples_of the=earth/land [who],bring DOM (the),wares and=all grain in/on=day of,the_sabbath to,sell not buy from=them on,sabbath and,on,a_day_of holy and,we_will_leave DOM the,year (the),seventh and,usury_of all hand )

Here the covenant leaves out one or more words that a sentence would ordinarily need in order to be complete. Leave alone means “leave our fields alone,” that is, do not plant or harvest any crops, and the seventh year means “in the seventh year.” Alternate translation: [we will not grow anything in our fields every seventh year]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

וְ⁠נִטֹּ֛שׁ אֶת־הַ⁠שָּׁנָ֥ה הַ⁠שְּׁבִיעִ֖ית

(Some words not found in UHB: and,the_peoples_of the=earth/land [who],bring DOM (the),wares and=all grain in/on=day of,the_sabbath to,sell not buy from=them on,sabbath and,on,a_day_of holy and,we_will_leave DOM the,year (the),seventh and,usury_of all hand )

The seventh year refers to the commandment in the Law of Moses to allow fields to rest one year out of every seven. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say this explicitly. Alternate translation: [We will leave our fields alone and not work them during the seventh year, because the law commands us not to grow any crops then.]

Note 5 topic: translate-ordinal

אֶת־הַ⁠שָּׁנָ֥ה הַ⁠שְּׁבִיעִ֖ית

DOM DOM (Some words not found in UHB: and,the_peoples_of the=earth/land [who],bring DOM (the),wares and=all grain in/on=day of,the_sabbath to,sell not buy from=them on,sabbath and,on,a_day_of holy and,we_will_leave DOM the,year (the),seventh and,usury_of all hand )

Alternate translation: [year seven]

וְ⁠נִטֹּ֛שׁ & וּ⁠מַשָּׁ֥א כָל־יָֽד

(Some words not found in UHB: and,the_peoples_of the=earth/land [who],bring DOM (the),wares and=all grain in/on=day of,the_sabbath to,sell not buy from=them on,sabbath and,on,a_day_of holy and,we_will_leave DOM the,year (the),seventh and,usury_of all hand )

This could mean one of several things. (1) As in 5:7–12, it could be a promise not to charge any interest on loans to fellow Israelites. (2) It could mean that during the seventh year, no loan payments would be collected. (3) It could mean that during the seventh year, all debts would be cancelled. Alternate translation: [we will not charge interest on loans to our fellow Israelites] or [during the seventh year, we will not collect loan payments] or [during the seventh year, we will cancel all the debts of our fellow Israelites.]

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

וּ⁠מַשָּׁ֥א כָל־יָֽד

(Some words not found in UHB: and,the_peoples_of the=earth/land [who],bring DOM (the),wares and=all grain in/on=day of,the_sabbath to,sell not buy from=them on,sabbath and,on,a_day_of holy and,we_will_leave DOM the,year (the),seventh and,usury_of all hand )

Here, hand seems to refer to a debt by reference to something associated with it, the way debts were formalized by the borrower grasping the hand of the lender. Alternate translation: [interest on any debt]