1 PET 2:23 Interlinear View

1. Greek word
2. Greek lemma
3. OET-LV words
4. OET-RV words
5. Strongs
6. Role/Morphology
7. OET Gloss
8. VLT Gloss
9. CAPS codes
10. Confidence
11. OET tags
12. OET word #
1. οἱ
2. ho
3. -
4. -
5. 35880
6. R····NMP
7. who_all
8. who_all
9. -
10. -
11. 149331
1. ὅς
2. hos
3. who
4. -
5. 37390
6. R····NMS
7. who
8. who
9. -
10. Y60
11. 149332
1. λοιδορούμενος
2. loidoreō
3. being insulted
4. insulted
5. 30580
6. VPPP·NMS
7. ˓being˒ insulted
8. ˓being˒ insulted
9. -
10. Y60; R149303; Person=Jesus
11. 149333
1. οὐκ
2. ou
3. not
4. -
5. 37560
6. D·······
7. not
8. not
9. -
10. Y60
11. 149334
1. ἐλοιδόρει
2. loidoreō
3. -
4. -
5. 30580
6. VIIA3··S
7. ˓was˒ insulted
8. ˓was˒ insulted
9. -
10. -
11. 149335
1. ἀντελοιδόρει
2. antiloidoreō
3. was retaliating
4. retaliate
5. 4860
6. VIIA3··S
7. ˓was˒ retaliating
8. ˓was˒ retaliating
9. -
10. Y60
11. 149336
1. πάσχων
2. pasχō
3. suffering
4. -
5. 39580
6. VPPA·NMS
7. suffering
8. suffering
9. -
10. Y60; R149303; Person=Jesus
11. 149337
1. οὐκ
2. ou
3. not
4. -
5. 37560
6. D·······
7. not
8. not
9. -
10. Y60
11. 149338
1. ἠπείλει
2. apeileō
3. was threatening
4. threaten
5. 5460
6. VIIA3··S
7. ˓was˒ threatening
8. ˓was˒ threatening
9. -
10. Y60; R149303; Person=Jesus
11. 149339
1. παρεδίδου
2. paradidō
3. was giving over him
4. -
5. 38600
6. VIIA3··S
7. ˓was˒ giving_over ‹him›
8. ˓was˒ giving_over ‹him›
9. -
10. Y60; R149303; Person=Jesus
11. 149340
1. τέ
2. te
3. -
4. -
5. 50370
6. C·······
7. but
8. but
9. -
10. -
11. 149341
1. δέ
2. de
3. but
4. -
5. 11610
6. C·······
7. but
8. but
9. -
10. Y60
11. 149342
1. τόν
2. ho
3. -
4. -
5. 35880
6. E····AMS
7. the
8. the
9. -
10. -
11. 149343
1. τόν
2. ho
3. -
4. -
5. 35880
6. E····AMS
7. the
8. the
9. -
10. -
11. 149344
1. τόπον
2. topos
3. -
4. -
5. 51170
6. N····AMS
7. place
8. place
9. -
10. -
11. 149345
1. τῷ
2. ho
3. to the one
4. -
5. 35880
6. R····DMS
7. ˱to˲ the ‹one›
8. ˱to˲ the ‹one›
9. -
10. Y60
11. 149346
1. κρίνοντι
2. krinō
3. judging
4. -
5. 29190
6. VPPA·DMS
7. judging
8. judging
9. -
10. Y60
11. 149347
1. δικαίως
2. dikaiōs
3. justly
4. -
5. 13460
6. D·······
7. justly
8. justly
9. -
10. Y60
11. 149348

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 2:13–25: God’s people should respect the rulers/chiefs of this world

In this section Peter explained in what way his readers should live good lives among their pagan neighbors. They should respect and obey their rulers, including those who ruled locally in the village or town and those who ruled the country. They should also respect and obey the chief ruler of all, the emperor of Rome. God had given these people authority to punish people who do evil and praise those who do good.

Some other headings for this section are:

Respect the Authority of Others (GW)

Submission to Rulers and Masters (NIV)

Paragraph 2:18–25

Peter now deals with how Christian slaves should behave. The slaves must respect and obey their masters, even if their masters treat them harshly. God will bless the Christian slaves if they undergo suffering that they do not deserve (2:18–20). Christ has left us an example of how to behave in the face of undeserved suffering (2:21–25).

2:23a

When they heaped abuse on Him, He did not retaliate;

When they insulted him, he did not insult them in return.
People said evil things to Jesus Christ, but he did not reply with evil words.

When they heaped abuse on Him: With the phrase they heaped abuse on Him, the BSB is using a figure of speech to indicate that people insulted Jesus. The Jewish leaders and Roman soldiers said that Jesus was evil and had said and done evil things. This is literally a passive verbal phrase in Greek, “who, being reviled.” Some other ways to translate this phrase include:

When he was insulted (GNT)

When people spoke against him

He did not retaliate: The Greek word that the BSB translates as retaliate means to strike back against someone either physically or verbally. In this context, it refers to answering in an evil way to someone who has spoken evil about you. An English idiom for this expression is “get even.” Other translation models include:

he did not answer back (NET)

he did not insult them in return (NCV)

2:23b

when He suffered, He made no threats,

When they made him suffer, he did not threaten to make them suffer.
When they abused him, he did not say that he would do evil to them.

when He suffered: The Greek phrase that the BSB translates as when He suffered is applied by Peter to the time when Jesus suffered and died on the cross. In some languages it may be necessary to indicate who was responsible for Jesus suffering. For example:

when people caused him to suffer

He made no threats: The phrase He made no threats means that the Messiah did not say that he would harm to the people who were insulting him. Other ways to translate this include:

he threatened no retaliation (NET)

he uttered no threats (REB)

2:23c

but entrusted Himself to Him who judges justly.

But he put his matter/cause into the hands of the one just judge.
Rather/No, he surrendered himself to the God who judges everyone justly.

but: The Greek conjunction that the BSB translates as but introduces what Christ did instead of reviling and threatening his enemies. The NIV translates this conjunction as:

Instead (NIV)

entrusted Himself to: The Greek verb that the BSB translates as he entrusted means to commit or hand over someone or something to someone else. The Greek text does not have a direct object. The BSB has supplied the word Himself. It is also possible to supply words meaning “his affair” or “what concerned him.” Some other ways to translate this phrase are:

left everything to (GW)

placed his hopes in (GNT)

left his case in (NLT)

Him who judges justly: The one who judges justly is God. In some languages it may be necessary to make this explicit. For example:

God who judges justly

God, who always judges fairly (NLT)

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

ὃς λοιδορούμενος, οὐκ ἀντελοιδόρει

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: ὅς λοιδορούμενος οὐκ ἀντελοιδόρει πάσχων οὐκ ἠπείλει παρεδίδου δέ τῷ κρίνοντι δικαίως)

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: [whom people reviled, did not revile them back]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

παρεδίδου & τῷ κρίνοντι δικαίως

˓was˒_giving_over_‹him› & ˱to˲_the_‹one› judging justly

Here, the one judging justly refers to God. This means that Jesus trusted God to punish those who reviled him or to prove that he was innocent. If this might confuse your readers, you could express the meaning explicitly. Alternate translation: [he entrusted himself to God, who judges justly]

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

1. OET-LV words
2. OET-RV words
3. Strongs
4. Greek word
5. Greek lemma
6. Role/Morphology
7. OET Gloss
8. VLT Gloss
9. CAPS codes
10. Confidence
11. OET tags
12. OET word #
1. who
2. -
3. 37390
5. hos
6. R-····NMS
7. who
8. who
9. -
10. Y60
11. 149332
1. being insulted
2. insulted
3. 30580
5. loidoreō
6. V-PPP·NMS
7. ˓being˒ insulted
8. ˓being˒ insulted
9. -
10. Y60; R149303; Person=Jesus
11. 149333
1. was
2. retaliate
3. 4860
5. antiloidoreō
6. V-IIA3··S
7. ˓was˒ retaliating
8. ˓was˒ retaliating
9. -
10. Y60
11. 149336
1. not
2. -
3. 37560
5. ou
6. D-·······
7. not
8. not
9. -
10. Y60
11. 149334
1. retaliating
2. retaliate
3. 4860
5. antiloidoreō
6. V-IIA3··S
7. ˓was˒ retaliating
8. ˓was˒ retaliating
9. -
10. Y60
11. 149336
1. suffering
2. -
3. 39580
5. pasχō
6. V-PPA·NMS
7. suffering
8. suffering
9. -
10. Y60; R149303; Person=Jesus
11. 149337
1. was
2. threaten
3. 5460
5. apeileō
6. V-IIA3··S
7. ˓was˒ threatening
8. ˓was˒ threatening
9. -
10. Y60; R149303; Person=Jesus
11. 149339
1. not
2. -
3. 37560
5. ou
6. D-·······
7. not
8. not
9. -
10. Y60
11. 149338
1. threatening
2. threaten
3. 5460
5. apeileō
6. V-IIA3··S
7. ˓was˒ threatening
8. ˓was˒ threatening
9. -
10. Y60; R149303; Person=Jesus
11. 149339
1. but
2. -
3. 11610
5. de
6. C-·······
7. but
8. but
9. -
10. Y60
11. 149342
1. was giving over him
2. -
3. 38600
5. paradidō
6. V-IIA3··S
7. ˓was˒ giving_over ‹him›
8. ˓was˒ giving_over ‹him›
9. -
10. Y60; R149303; Person=Jesus
11. 149340
1. to the one
2. -
3. 35880
5. ho
6. R-····DMS
7. ˱to˲ the ‹one›
8. ˱to˲ the ‹one›
9. -
10. Y60
11. 149346
1. judging
2. -
3. 29190
5. krinō
6. V-PPA·DMS
7. judging
8. judging
9. -
10. Y60
11. 149347
1. justly
2. -
3. 13460
5. dikaiōs
6. D-·······
7. justly
8. justly
9. -
10. Y60
11. 149348

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

OET interlinear 1 PET 2:23

SR Greek word order (including unused variant words in grey)

Section 2:13–25: God’s people should respect the rulers/chiefs of this world

Paragraph 2:18–25

2:23a

2:23b

2:23c

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

OET interlinear 1 PET 2:23

SR Greek word order (including unused variant words in grey)

Section 2:13–25: God’s people should respect the rulers/chiefs of this world

Paragraph 2:18–25

2:23a

2:23b

2:23c

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

OET interlinear 1 PET 2:23