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1 Pet C1 C2 C3 C4 C5

1 Pet 2 V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10 V11 V12 V13 V14 V15 V16 V17 V19 V20 V21 V22 V23 V24 V25

OET interlinear 1 PET 2:18

◄ ← 1 PET 2:18 ↓ → ► ║ ©

SR Greek word order (including unused variant words in grey)

    1. Greek word
    2. Greek lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. Οἱ
    2. ho
    3. The
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E···2VMP
    7. ¬The
    8. ¬The
    9. PS
    10. Y60
    11. 149233
    1. οἰκέται
    2. oiketēs
    3. house servants
    4. -
    5. 36100
    6. N····VMP
    7. house_servants
    8. house_servants
    9. -
    10. Y60; F149235; F149275; F149277; F149279; F149283; F149285; F149286; F149299; F149308; F149310; F149316; F149353; F149368; F149372; F149377; F149378; F149385; F149395; F150169
    11. 149234
    1. ὑποτασσόμενοι
    2. hupotassō
    3. being subjected
    4. -
    5. 52930
    6. VPPP·NMP
    7. ˓being˒ subjected
    8. ˓being˒ subjected
    9. -
    10. Y60; R149234
    11. 149235
    1. ἐν
    2. en
    3. with
    4. -
    5. 17220
    6. P·······
    7. with
    8. with
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 149236
    1. παντί
    2. pas
    3. all
    4. -
    5. 39560
    6. E····DMS
    7. all
    8. all
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 149237
    1. φόβῳ
    2. fobos
    3. respect
    4. respectfully
    5. 54010
    6. N····DMS
    7. respect
    8. respect
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 149238
    1. ὑποτασσόμενοι
    2. hupotassō
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 52930
    6. VPPP·NMP
    7. ˓being˒ subjected
    8. ˓being˒ subjected
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 149239
    1. τοῖς
    2. ho
    3. to your
    4. your
    5. 35880
    6. E····DMP
    7. ˱to˲ your
    8. ˱to˲ your
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 149240
    1. δεσπόταις
    2. despotēs
    3. masters
    4. masters
    5. 12030
    6. N····DMP
    7. masters
    8. masters
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 149241
    1. ὑμῶν
    2. su
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 47710
    6. R···2G·P
    7. ˱of˲ you_all
    8. ˱of˲ you_all
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 149242
    1. οὒ
    2. ou
    3. not
    4. -
    5. 37560
    6. C·······
    7. not
    8. not
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 149243
    1. μόνον
    2. monon
    3. only
    4. -
    5. 34400
    6. D·······
    7. only
    8. only
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 149244
    1. τοῖς
    2. ho
    3. to the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····DMP
    7. ˱to˲ the
    8. ˱to˲ the
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 149245
    1. ἀγαθοῖς
    2. agathos
    3. good
    4. good
    5. 180
    6. S····DMP
    7. good
    8. good
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 149246
    1. καί
    2. kai
    3. and
    4. and
    5. 25320
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 149247
    1. ἐπιεικέσι
    2. epieikēs
    3. gentle
    4. gentle
    5. 19330
    6. S····DMP
    7. gentle
    8. gentle
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 149248
    1. ἀλλά
    2. alla
    3. but
    4. but
    5. 2350
    6. C·······
    7. but
    8. but
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 149249
    1. καί
    2. kai
    3. also
    4. -
    5. 25320
    6. D·······
    7. also
    8. also
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 149250
    1. τοῖς
    2. ho
    3. to the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····DMP
    7. ˱to˲ the
    8. ˱to˲ the
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 149251
    1. σκολιοῖς
    2. skolios
    3. crooked
    4. crooked
    5. 46460
    6. S····DMP
    7. crooked
    8. crooked
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 149252

OET (OET-LV) The house_servants, being_subjected with all respect to_your masters, not only to_the good and gentle, but also to_the crooked.

OET (OET-RV) You who are house-servants should respectfully obey your masters—not only the good and gentle ones, but also the crooked ones,

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 2:13–25: God’s people should respect the rulers/chiefs of this world

In this section Peter explained in what way his readers should live good lives among their pagan neighbors. They should respect and obey their rulers, including those who ruled locally in the village or town and those who ruled the country. They should also respect and obey the chief ruler of all, the emperor of Rome. God had given these people authority to punish people who do evil and praise those who do good.

Some other headings for this section are:

Respect the Authority of Others (GW)

Submission to Rulers and Masters (NIV)

Paragraph 2:18–25

Peter now deals with how Christian slaves should behave. The slaves must respect and obey their masters, even if their masters treat them harshly. God will bless the Christian slaves if they undergo suffering that they do not deserve (2:18–20). Christ has left us an example of how to behave in the face of undeserved suffering (2:21–25).

2:18a

Servants, submit yourselves to your masters with all respect,

Servants: The Greek word that the BSB translates as Servants refers specifically to those slaves who worked within a household. Some versions such as the NIV translate this word as:

Slaves (NIV)

submit yourselves: Peter wanted his believing slaves to choose to respect their masters, as all believers were to respect their rulers. See how you translated this same command in 2:13a.

to your masters: The word masters refers to the owners, the people who had authority over the slaves. They could be either male or female. Here is another way to translate this word:

owners (GW)

with all respect: The Greek phrase that the BSB translates as all respect means “greatly respect” or “respect very much.”

respect: The Greek word that the BSB translates as respect is literally “fear.” Peter does not say whom his readers should respect or fear. Scholars suggest two possibilities:

  1. They should respect their masters. For example:

    always show respect to them (CEV) (BSB, REB, CEV, NJB, GW; probably NASB, NIV, NCV, RSVThe NRSV uses “deference,” which certainly implies that the masters are the object. which use respect)

  2. They should fear God. This is the opinion of many commentatorsMichaels, page 138; Best, page 117; Achtemeier, page 195 who translates it as “all godly reverence”; Bigg, page 142; Lenski, page 115; Kelly, page 116. and is probably being followed by the NET, which says:

    with all reverence (NET) (NET)

It is recommended that you follow interpretation (1) and the majority of English versions.

2:18b–c

not only…but even: The Greek phrases that the BSB translates as not only…but even introduce two objects, the first one expected but the second unexpected. Consider what would be the natural way of introducing two such objects in your language.

2:18b

not only to those who are good and gentle,

those who are good and gentle: The phrase those who are good and gentle describes some masters. They are kind and considerate in the way they treat their slaves.

gentle: The Greek word that the BSB translates as gentle means “mild, considerate.” Some other ways to translate this are:

thoughtful (CEV)

reasonable (NLT)

2:18c

but even to those who are unreasonable.

those who are unreasonable: The phrase those who are unreasonable refers to some others among the masters. These masters were treating their slaves in a harsh or hard way.

unreasonable: The Greek word that the BSB translates as unreasonable literally means “bent, crooked.” In this context it is the opposite of good and considerate and means “unjust, hard to please.” These masters probably often punished their slaves by beating them. Some other ways to translate this are:

cruel (NLT)

unjust (REB)

uW Translation Notes:

General Information:

Peter begins to speak specifically to people who were slaves who worked in people’s houses.

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / doublet

τοῖς ἀγαθοῖς καὶ ἐπιεικέσιν

˱to˲_your ˱to˲_the good ˱to˲_the (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Οἱ οἰκέται ὑποτασσόμενοι ἐν παντί φόβῳ τοῖς δεσπόταις οὒ μόνον τοῖς ἀγαθοῖς καί ἐπιεικέσι ἀλλά καί τοῖς σκολιοῖς)

The words good and gentle mean similar things. Peter uses this repetition to emphasize that such masters treat their servants very kindly. If your language does not use repetition to do this, you can use one phrase and provide emphasis in another way. Alternate translation: [to the very kind ones]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

τοῖς σκολιοῖς

˱to˲_your ˱to˲_the ˱to˲_the crooked

Here, crooked ones is used to refer to people who act dishonestly or unjustly as if their morals were an object that could be bent or twisted. If this might confuse your readers, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [to the dishonest ones]

TSN Tyndale Study Notes:

2:18 Many slaves in the Roman Empire held responsible positions and had a decent income, but most were harshly treated and all were deprived of legal status and rights.
• with all respect (literally with all fear): Peter might be calling on slaves to fear God (see 2:17; cp. 1:17) or the master’s punishment, but he often speaks this way about the respectful attitude Christians must have toward others (3:16).

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Greek word
    5. Greek lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. The
    2. -
    3. 35880
    4. PS
    5. ho
    6. E-···2VMP
    7. ¬The
    8. ¬The
    9. PS
    10. Y60
    11. 149233
    1. house servants
    2. -
    3. 36100
    5. oiketēs
    6. N-····VMP
    7. house_servants
    8. house_servants
    9. -
    10. Y60; F149235; F149275; F149277; F149279; F149283; F149285; F149286; F149299; F149308; F149310; F149316; F149353; F149368; F149372; F149377; F149378; F149385; F149395; F150169
    11. 149234
    1. being subjected
    2. -
    3. 52930
    5. hupotassō
    6. V-PPP·NMP
    7. ˓being˒ subjected
    8. ˓being˒ subjected
    9. -
    10. Y60; R149234
    11. 149235
    1. with
    2. -
    3. 17220
    5. en
    6. P-·······
    7. with
    8. with
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 149236
    1. all
    2. -
    3. 39560
    5. pas
    6. E-····DMS
    7. all
    8. all
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 149237
    1. respect
    2. respectfully
    3. 54010
    5. fobos
    6. N-····DMS
    7. respect
    8. respect
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 149238
    1. to your
    2. your
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····DMP
    7. ˱to˲ your
    8. ˱to˲ your
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 149240
    1. masters
    2. masters
    3. 12030
    5. despotēs
    6. N-····DMP
    7. masters
    8. masters
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 149241
    1. not
    2. -
    3. 37560
    5. ou
    6. C-·······
    7. not
    8. not
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 149243
    1. only
    2. -
    3. 34400
    5. monon
    6. D-·······
    7. only
    8. only
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 149244
    1. to the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····DMP
    7. ˱to˲ the
    8. ˱to˲ the
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 149245
    1. good
    2. good
    3. 180
    5. agathos
    6. S-····DMP
    7. good
    8. good
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 149246
    1. and
    2. and
    3. 25320
    5. kai
    6. C-·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 149247
    1. gentle
    2. gentle
    3. 19330
    5. epieikēs
    6. S-····DMP
    7. gentle
    8. gentle
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 149248
    1. but
    2. but
    3. 2350
    5. alla
    6. C-·······
    7. but
    8. but
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 149249
    1. also
    2. -
    3. 25320
    5. kai
    6. D-·······
    7. also
    8. also
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 149250
    1. to the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····DMP
    7. ˱to˲ the
    8. ˱to˲ the
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 149251
    1. crooked
    2. crooked
    3. 46460
    5. skolios
    6. S-····DMP
    7. crooked
    8. crooked
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 149252

OET (OET-LV) The house_servants, being_subjected with all respect to_your masters, not only to_the good and gentle, but also to_the crooked.

OET (OET-RV) You who are house-servants should respectfully obey your masters—not only the good and gentle ones, but also the crooked ones,

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

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◄ ← 1 PET 2:18 ↑ → ► ║ ©