1 TIM 5:12 Interlinear View

1. Greek word
2. Greek lemma
3. OET-LV words
4. OET-RV words
5. Strongs
6. Role/Morphology
7. OET Gloss
8. VLT Gloss
9. CAPS codes
10. Confidence
11. OET tags
12. OET word #
1. ἔχουσαι
2. eχō
3. having
4. -
5. 21920
6. VPPA·NFP
7. having
8. having
9. -
10. Y65; R137949
11. 137959
1. κρίμα
2. krima
3. judgement
4. judged
5. 29170
6. N····ANS
7. judgement
8. judgment
9. -
10. Y65
11. 137960
1. ὅτι
2. hoti
3. because
4. because
5. 37540
6. C·······
7. because
8. because
9. -
10. Y65
11. 137961
1. τήν
2. ho
3. their
4. their
5. 35880
6. E····AFS
7. their
8. their
9. -
10. Y65
11. 137962
1. πρώτην
2. prōtos
3. first
4. -
5. 44130
6. E····AFS
7. first
8. first
9. -
10. Y65
11. 137963
1. πίστιν
2. pistis
3. faith
4. faith
5. 41020
6. N····AFS
7. faith
8. faith
9. -
10. Y65
11. 137964
1. ἠθέτησαν
2. atheteō
3. they rejecting
4. they
5. 1140
6. VIAA3··P
7. ˱they˲ rejecting
8. ˱they˲ rejecting
9. -
10. Y65; R137949
11. 137965

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 5:1–6:2: Paul told Timothy how to treat different groups of believers

5:12a

and thus will incur judgment

By remarrying, they will cause themselves to be judged
As a result, God will punish them

and thus: In this context the BSB has used the connector thus to mean “by doing this.” It introduces a sentence that explains what will happen to those widows who break their promise to Christ by remarrying.

will incur judgment: The Greek expression that the BSB translates as will incur judgment literally means “having judgment.” Scholars interpret this in two main ways:

God had reasons to judgeLouw and Nida give the following for the meaning of krima (“to judge”): “(1) a legal decision (56.20); (2) the authority to judge (56.22); (3) a verdict, as the legal decision rendered by a judge, whether for or against the accused - ‘verdict, sentence, judgment’ (56.24); (4) condemnation, as to judge a person to be guilty and liable to punishment - ‘to judge as guilty, to condemn, condemnation’ (56.30); (5) a lawsuit (56.2); or (6) a judgment, as the content of the process of judging - ‘judgment, decision, evaluation’ (30.11). BAG says that the word means “ ‘a judicial verdict’ mostly in an unfavorable sense, of the ‘sentence of condemnation,’ also of the ‘condemnation’ and the subsequent ‘punishment’ itself.” these widows; that is, he would punish them in some way for not keeping their promise.
Other people had reasons to judge these women, that is, they would think badly about the widows because they had not kept their promise. The NJB followed this interpretation clearly:
people condemn them for…

Most English versions are ambiguous, though they seem to imply interpretation (1). It is recommended that you also follow interpretation (1). Paul was saying that in some way God would punish a widow who promised not to remarry and then broke that promise.

5:12b

because they are setting aside their first faith.

because they have not kept their first promise.
for not doing what they had promised to do.

their first faith: Paul did not specify to whom this first faith had been promised. There are two main possibilities:

The widow promised the first faith to the other believers when they put her name on the list. She was then promising to serve Christ without remarrying for the rest of her life. If she remarried, she would be promising her faith to her new husband and this would break her first faith. For example, the GNT says:
…Christ, ¹²and so become guilty of breaking their earlier promise to him. (GNT, REB, CEV, NCV)
The widow promised the first faith to her first husband, which she breaks by remarrying.

Many English versions are ambiguous and do not specify to whom the first faith was promised. It is recommended that you follow interpretation (1). Paul elsewhere recommends remarriage and does not consider it to be breaking a promise to the first husband.

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: grammar-connect-logic-result

ἔχουσαι κρίμα ὅτι τὴν πρώτην πίστιν ἠθέτησαν

having judgment because (Some words not found in SR-GNT: ἔχουσαι κρίμα ὅτι τήν πρώτην πίστιν ἠθέτησαν)

If it would be more natural in your language, you could reverse the order of these phrases since the second phrase gives the reason for the result that the first phrase describes. Alternate translation: [and because they have annulled the first faith, they have judgment]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

ἔχουσαι κρίμα

having judgment

If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of judgment, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: [being judged]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

τὴν πρώτην πίστιν

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: ἔχουσαι κρίμα ὅτι τήν πρώτην πίστιν ἠθέτησαν)

Here, the word faith could refer to: (1) the faith that the younger widows had in Jesus. In this case, they have annulled this faith by marrying anyone, even an unbeliever, so that they can indulge their selfish desires. Alternate translation: [the first faith that they had in Christ] (2) a commitment that the widows made that they would remain as widows and serve the Christian community for the rest of their lives. In this case, they have annulled this commitment by choosing to marry when they said that they would not marry. Alternate translation: [their first commitment to remain single] or [what they first promised to do]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

τὴν πρώτην πίστιν

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: ἔχουσαι κρίμα ὅτι τήν πρώτην πίστιν ἠθέτησαν)

Here, the word first refers to faith that the widows had before they wanted to get married. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Make sure that your translation fits with the option you chose in the previous note. Alternate translation: [the earlier faith] or [the faith that they had earlier]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

τὴν πρώτην πίστιν

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: ἔχουσαι κρίμα ὅτι τήν πρώτην πίστιν ἠθέτησαν)

If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of faith, you could express the same idea in another way. Make sure that your translation fits with the option you chose in the previous note. Alternate translation: [how they first believed in Jesus]

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

1. OET-LV words
2. OET-RV words
3. Strongs
4. Greek word
5. Greek lemma
6. Role/Morphology
7. OET Gloss
8. VLT Gloss
9. CAPS codes
10. Confidence
11. OET tags
12. OET word #
1. having
2. -
3. 21920
5. eχō
6. V-PPA·NFP
7. having
8. having
9. -
10. Y65; R137949
11. 137959
1. judgement
2. judged
3. 29170
5. krima
6. N-····ANS
7. judgement
8. judgment
9. -
10. Y65
11. 137960
1. because
2. because
3. 37540
5. hoti
6. C-·······
7. because
8. because
9. -
10. Y65
11. 137961
1. they rejecting
2. they
3. 1140
5. atheteō
6. V-IAA3··P
7. ˱they˲ rejecting
8. ˱they˲ rejecting
9. -
10. Y65; R137949
11. 137965
1. their
2. their
3. 35880
5. ho
6. E-····AFS
7. their
8. their
9. -
10. Y65
11. 137962
1. first
2. -
3. 44130
5. prōtos
6. E-····AFS
7. first
8. first
9. -
10. Y65
11. 137963
1. faith
2. faith
3. 41020
5. pistis
6. N-····AFS
7. faith
8. faith
9. -
10. Y65
11. 137964

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

OET interlinear 1 TIM 5:12

SR Greek word order

Section 5:1–6:2: Paul told Timothy how to treat different groups of believers

5:12a

5:12b

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

OET interlinear 1 TIM 5:12

SR Greek word order

Section 5:1–6:2: Paul told Timothy how to treat different groups of believers

5:12a

5:12b

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

OET interlinear 1 TIM 5:12