OET interlinear 1TIM 5:8

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: grammar-connect-words-phrases

δέ

but

Here, the word But introduces a further development related to taking care of widows in one’s family. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces a development, or you could leave But untranslated. Alternate translation: “In fact,”

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / gendernotations

τῶν ἰδίων & ἤρνηται

˱of˲_their own & ˱he˲_/has/_disowned

Although the terms his and he are masculine, Paul is using the words in a generic sense that includes both men and women. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use phrases that make this clear. Alternate translation: “for his or her own … he or she has denied” or “for his or her own … that person has denied”

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / nominaladj

τῶν ἰδίων

˱of˲_their own

Paul is using the adjective phrase his own as a noun to mean someone’s extended family. The phrase may also include servants and close friends. Your language may use adjective phrases in the same way. If not, you could translate this adjective phrase with an equivalent phrase. Alternate translation: “for his own extended family” or “for his own people”

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

οἰκείων

household

Here, the phrase household members refers specifically to one’s close family, the family members who live together in one house. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “for family living in his house” or “for his closest relatives”

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

τὴν πίστιν

the faith

Here, the word faith could refer to: (1) the act of having faith in Jesus. Alternate translation: “the faith that he has” (2) what people believe about Jesus when they have faith in him. Alternate translation: “what Christians believe”

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

τὴν πίστιν

the faith

If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of faith, you could express the same idea in another way. Make sure that your translation fits with the option you chose in the previous note. Alternate translation: “how he believes in Jesus”

Note 7 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

ἔστιν ἀπίστου χείρων

is /an/_unbeliever worse_‹than›

Here Paul implies that this person is a worse sinner than an unbeliever, since unbelievers generally do take care of their families. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “is a worse sinner than an unbeliever who does take care of his own” or “does what is wrong more than an unbeliever does”