⇔ ≈ They’ve appointed leaders but I didn’t know about it.
⇔ They’ve made idols for themselves with their gold and silver
⇔ so they’ll end up being destroyed.”
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Note: This view shows ‘verses’ which are not natural language units and hence sometimes only part of a sentence will be visible—click on any Bible version abbreviation down the left-hand side to see the verse in more of its context. Normally the OET discourages the reading of individual ‘verses’, but this view is only designed as a tool for doing comparisons of different translations—the older translations are further down the page (so you can read up from the bottom to trace the English translation history). The OET segments on this page are still very early looks into the unfinished texts of the Open English Translation of the Bible—please double-check these texts in advance before using in public.
Text critical issues=none Clarity of original=clear Importance to us=normal (All still tentative.)
OET (OET-RV) They appointed kings, but not through me.
⇔ ≈ They’ve appointed leaders but I didn’t know about it.
⇔ They’ve made idols for themselves with their gold and silver
⇔ so they’ll end up being destroyed.”
OET-LV they they_have_made_kings and_not from_me they_have_installed_leaders and_not I_knew silver_of_their and_their_of_gold they_have_made to/for_them idols so_that it_may_be_cut_off.
UHB הֵ֤ם הִמְלִיכוּ֙ וְלֹ֣א מִמֶּ֔נִּי הֵשִׂ֖ירוּ וְלֹ֣א יָדָ֑עְתִּי כַּסְפָּ֣ם וּזְהָבָ֗ם עָשׂ֤וּ לָהֶם֙ עֲצַבִּ֔ים לְמַ֖עַן יִכָּרֵֽת׃ ‡
(hēm himlīkū vəloʼ mimmennī hēsirū vəloʼ yādāˊəttī kaşpām ūzəhāⱱām ˊāsū lāhem ˊₐʦabim ləmaˊan yikkārēt.)
Key: khaki:verbs, red:negative.
Note: Automatic aligning of the OET-RV to the LV is done by some temporary software, hence the OET-RV alignments are incomplete (and may occasionally be wrong).
BrLXX Ἑαυτοῖς ἐβασίλευσαν, καὶ οὐ διʼ ἐμοῦ, ἦρξαν, καὶ οὐκ ἐγνώρισάν μοι· τὸ ἀργύριον αὐτῶν καὶ τὸ χρυσίον αὐτῶν ἐποίησαν ἑαυτοῖς εἴδωλα, ὅπως ἐξολοθρευθῶσιν.
(Heautois ebasileusan, kai ou diʼ emou, aʸrxan, kai ouk egnōrisan moi; to argurion autōn kai to ⱪrusion autōn epoiaʸsan heautois eidōla, hopōs exolothreuthōsin. )
BrTr They have made kings for themselves, but not by me: they have ruled, but they did not make it known to me: of their silver and their gold they have made images to themselves, that they might be destroyed.
ULT They have set up kings,
⇔ but not by me.
⇔ They have appointed princes,
⇔ but I did not know.
⇔ With their silver and gold
⇔ they have made idols for themselves,
⇔ so that they might be cut off.”
UST Israel has appointed kings for themselves,
⇔ but they did not consult with me about it.
⇔ They chose their own kings
⇔ without asking me to approve them.
⇔ They took their silver and gold and formed them into the idols they worshiped,
⇔ but the people will perish as a result.”
BSB They set up kings, but not by Me.
⇔ They make princes, but without My approval.
⇔ With their silver and gold they make themselves idols,
⇔ to their own destruction.
MSB (Same as BSB above)
OEB They themselves have made kings
⇔ but without my consent.
⇔ They have made princes
⇔ but without my knowledge.
⇔ Out of their silver and gold,
⇔ they have made idols to their destruction!
WEBBE They have set up kings, but not by me.
⇔ They have made princes, and I didn’t approve.
⇔ Of their silver and their gold they have made themselves idols,
⇔ that they may be cut off.
WMBB (Same as above)
NET They enthroned kings without my consent!
⇔ They appointed princes without my approval!
⇔ They made idols out of their silver and gold,
⇔ but they will be destroyed!
LSV They have made kings, and not by Me,
They have made princes, and I have not known,
Their silver and their gold they have made to them idols,
So that they are cut off.
FBV They appointed kings without my consent and chose princes without my knowledge. With their silver and gold they made idols for their own destruction.
T4T The Israel people appointed their last three kings,
⇔ but they did not ask me if I agreed to what they were doing.
⇔ They chose their own leaders
⇔ without asking if I would approve of them.
⇔ They used their own silver and gold to make for themselves idols,
⇔ and doing that led them to be destroyed.
LEB • They appointed kings, but not through me; they made officials, but without my knowledge.
• With their silver and gold
• they made idols for themselves
• for their[fn] own destruction .[fn]
BBE They have put up kings, but not by me; they have made princes, but I had no knowledge of it; they have made images of silver and gold, so that they may be cut off.
Moff ⇔ Of silver and gold they made them idols–
⇔ only to be wasted.
JPS They have set up kings, but not from Me, they have made princes, and I knew it not; of their silver and their gold have they made them idols, that they may be cut off.
ASV They have set up kings, but not by me; they have made princes, and I knew it not: of their silver and their gold have they made them idols, that they may be cut off.
DRA They have reigned, but not by me: they have been princes, and I knew not: of their silver, and their gold they have made idols to themselves, that they might perish.
YLT They have made kings, and not by Me, They have made princes, and I have not known, Their silver and their gold they have made to them idols, So that they are cut off.
Drby They have set up kings, but not by me; they have made princes, and I knew it not; of their silver and their gold have they made them idols, that they may be cut off.
RV They have set up kings, but not by me; they have made princes, and I knew it not: of their silver and their gold have they made them idols, that they may be cut off.
SLT They made kings, and not from me: and they made princes, and I knew not: their silver and their gold they made to them images to cut off.
Wbstr They have set up kings, but not by me: they have made princes, and I knew it not: of their silver and their gold have they made for themselves idols, that they may be cut off.
KJB-1769 They have set up kings, but not by me: they have made princes, and I knew it not: of their silver and their gold have they made them idols, that they may be cut off.
KJB-1611 They haue set vp Kings, but not by me: they haue made Princes, and I knew it not: of their siluer and their golde haue they made them idoles, that they may be cut off.
(Modernised spelling is same as from KJB-1769 above, apart from capitalisation)
Bshps They haue ordeyned kinges, but not through me, they haue made princes, and I knewe it not: of their siluer and golde haue they made them idols, therfore shall they be destroyed.
(They have ordained kings, but not through me, they have made princes, and I knew it not: of their silver and gold have they made them idols, therefore shall they be destroyed.)
Gnva They haue set vp a King, but not by me: they haue made princes, and I knew it not: of their siluer and their gold haue they made them idoles: therefore shall they be destroyed.
(They have set up a King, but not by me: they have made princes, and I knew it not: of their silver and their gold have they made them idols: therefore shall they be destroyed. )
Cvdl They haue ordened kinges, but not thorow me: they haue made prynces, and I must not knowe of it. Of their syluer and golde haue they made them ymages, to bringe them selues to destruccion.
(They have ordained kings, but not through me: they have made princes, and I must not know of it. Of their silver and gold have they made them images, to bring themselves to destruction.)
Wycl Thei regnyden, and not of me; thei weren princes, and Y knew not. Thei maden her gold and siluer idols to hem, that thei schulden perische.
(They reigned, and not of me; they were princes, and I knew not. They made her gold and silver idols to hem, that they should perish.)
Luth Sie machen Könige, aber ohne mich; sie setzen Fürsten, und ich muß nicht wissen. Aus ihrem Silber und Gold machen sie Götzen, daß sie ja bald ausgerottet werden.
(They/She make king(s), but without me; they/she/them set/put/place prince(s)/ruler(s), and I must not realise. Out_of their silver(n) and Gold make they/she/them idols, that they/she/them ya soon eradicated become.)
ClVg Ipsi regnaverunt, et non ex me; principes exstiterunt, et non cognovi: argentum suum et aurum suum fecerunt sibi idola, ut interirent.
(Himself they_reigned, and not/no from me; leaders exstiterunt, and not/no I_knew: silver his_own and gold his_own they_did to_himself idols, as they_would_perish. )
8:4 appointed kings without my consent: The Israelites quickly disposed of one king and appointed another if they thought it might save their nation (see 7:7). They did all of this without consulting their true king, the Lord.
In this section, the LORD warned the nation of Israel that enemies were ready to attack them, because they had rejected him and broken their agreement to obey his laws (8:1–3). They disobeyed him by choosing their own leaders (8:4a–b) and making idols (8:4c–6). Their alliance with Assyria failed, and they became weak agriculturally and also politically as a nation. Verse 8:10 predicts their future punishment as slaves in Assyria (8:7–10). The LORD did not accept the sacrifices they offered to him, because they continued to sin, so their cities faced total destruction (11–14).The TN analysis of this section follows the paragraph divisions used in a majority of English versions. The summary combines ideas from McComiskey (page 118), Davies (page 193), and Stuart (pages 126–127).
Here are some other examples of section headings:
The Lord Will Punish Israel for Its Rebellion (GW)
The LORD warned Israel that enemies would attack them
Warning that Israel will be Punished
Throughout this section, the LORD is the speaker. He referred to himself using first person pronouns (“I/me/my”) except for verse 13b–d, which has “he.” In this section, the Hebrew text almost always uses “they” or “he/it” to refer to the people or nation of Israel. The only exceptions are 8:1 and 8:5, which use the pronoun “your.” The CEV uses “you/your” consistently to refer to Israel. Most other versions use third person pronouns. The Display will follow the BSB pronoun choice in the first meaning line. It will often use “you/your” in the second meaning line.
This paragraph gives two specific examples of ways that Israel disobeyed the covenant and rejected what is good.
(combined/reordered)
When they/you(plur) chose their/your kings and other officials/leaders, they/you did not inform me or ask my permission.
Notice the parallel parts that are similar in meaning:
4a They set up kings, but not by Me.
4b They make princes, but without My approval.
These parallel lines give the first example of Israel’s disobedience. They chose their own kings and other government leaders without consulting the LORD.According to Davies (page 199), Hosea presupposes that kings should have a divine appointment. The way the LORD appointed them was through the mediation of a prophet. See 1 Sam. 10:1–2; 16:12–13.
They set up kings, but not by Me.
¶ “They chose their own kings without my authority/advice.
¶ “It was you(plur) who caused your own kings to rule, not I.
They set up kings: This phrase means “they chose kings” or “they caused kings to rule.”BART interlinear “they have made kings,” TWOT (#1199) “become king or queen.”
They: The pronoun They refers to the people of Israel as a group. In Hebrew, there are two pronouns here. These two pronouns emphasize that it was They who chose their leaders and not the LORD who chose them.Andersen and Freedman (page 491), Macintosh (page 297), and Kidner (page 77). If possible, try to express this emphasis in your translation. For example:
They chose their own kings (NCV)
It was they themselves who decided what person would rule as king.
but not by Me: In Hebrew, this phrase is literally “and not from me.” This indicates that the LORD had nothing to do with the process of choosing these kings.
Here are some other ways to translate this phrase:
not by my authority (NAB)
they did it on their own (GNT)
without asking my permission (NCV)
They make princes, but without My approval.
They also decided/established the other leaders of the government, but they never informed/consulted me.
You(plur) also chose other rulers/officials to serve the king, but you did not ask me to approve the leaders that you chose.
They make princes: This phrase means “they chose/appointed officials/leaders” or “they have caused officials/leaders to rule.”NIDOTTE (#8906) “cause to rule,” NIDOTTE (#5385) “official, chieftain, leader, prince.”
princes: In Hebrew, this word refers to government officials or leaders other than kings. It does not refer here to the sons of kings.
Here are some other ways to translate this phrase:
they set up rulers (REB)
they appointed other leaders in the government
but without My approval: In Hebrew, this phrase is more literally “but I did not know.” In this context, the phrase implies that the people chose their leaders without informing the LORD or asking him for his approval.Keil (page 112) and Hubbard (page 146).
Here are some other ways to translate this phrase:
without my knowledge (NRSV)
but they did not consult me
In some languages, it may be more natural to combine and/or reorder the parallel parts. For example:
You chose kings and leaders without consulting me (CEV)
The people have appointed kings and princes, but not with my consent. (NLT96)
With their silver and gold they make themselves idols, to their own destruction.
They used their silver and gold to make idols. Because of this evil that they did, they will be destroyed.
You(plur) made silver and gold idols, so someone will destroy you.
With their silver and gold they make themselves idols: This verse part gives another example of Israel’s disobedience. They used their own silver and gold materials to make themselves idols to worship.
to their own destruction: There are two ways to interpret the Hebrew word that the BSB translates here as to:
It indicates that the result of making idols was destruction. For example:
Because of this, they will be destroyed. (GW)
You made silver and gold idols that led to your downfall (CEV) (BSB, CEV, GW, NCV, NET, NIV, NJPS, NLT)
It indicates that the purpose of making idols was destruction. For example:
they made idols for their own destruction (NRSV)
that they may be cut off (KJV) (ESV, GNT, KJV, NASB, NJB, NRSV)
It is recommended that you follow interpretation (1). The LXX supports this interpretation. This interpretation is more logical, because destruction was the normal result of idol worship. Commentaries that prefer interpretation (2) agree that the purpose of destruction was not what the people themselves intended.According to McComiskey (page 123), this purpose was probably not what the people intended, but it may have been the way that Hosea perceived it. Macintosh (page 298) says that it indicates purpose, but admits that sometimes an undesigned course of action is portrayed “ironically as if it were designed.” Andersen and Freedman (page 492) also say that it may indicate irony.
their own destruction: There are two ways to interpret this phrase:In the Masoretic Text, the phrase is literally “it will be cut off.” The Septuagint and Syriac translate the singular pronoun “it” as plural “they/their.” All modern versions also translate it as a plural.
The phrase refers to someone destroying the people of Israel. For example:
you made silver and gold idols that led to your downfall. (CEV) (BSB, CEV, GNT, GW, NCV, NIV, NJPS, NLT, NRSV, REB)The BSB, ESV, GNT, NIV, NLT, and NRSV all have the phrase “their own destruction.” Since the people are clearly the subject of the sentence (they are ones the one who make the idols), the word “own” has to refer back to the people themselves.
The phrase refers to someone destroying the idols. For example:
With their silver and gold, they have made themselves idols, but only to be destroyed. (NJB) (NET, NJB)The NET translation “they will be destroyed” can refer to either people or idols, but it has a footnote that supports the interpretation of idols. The KJV and NASB have not been listed under either interpretation. They have: “that they may/might be cut off,” which could refer to either interpretation.
It is recommended that you follow interpretation (1) along with the Septuagint and most versions.Commentaries that support this interpretation include Hubbard, Andersen and Freedman, McComiskey, and Keil. It best fits the overall theme of the chapter (a warning that the LORD will punish Israel). It also fits the following context of 8:5 (the LORD’s anger against Israel), and the various punishments that are specified in 8:7–14).
Here are some other ways to translate 8:4c:
By making idols for themselves from their silver and gold, they have brought about their own destruction. (NLT)
Of their silver and gold they have made themselves images, to their own undoing. (NJPS)
Yahweh is speaking.
Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive
(Occurrence 0) but it was only so they might be cut off
(Some words not found in UHB: they set_up_kings and=not from,me set_up_princes and=not knowledge silver_of,their and,their_of,gold they_had_acquired to/for=them idols for destruction )
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “but the result will be that I will destroy the people”
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