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OET interlinear DAN 1:18

← DAN 1:18 ↓ → ► ║ ≡ ©

Hebrew word order

    1. Hebrew word
    2. Hebrew lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. וּ,לְ,מִ,קְצָת
    2. 509897,509898,509899,509900
    3. And to from (the) end
    4. end
    5. 7117
    6. S-C,R,R,Ncfsc
    7. and=to=from=(the)_end
    8. S
    9. TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 356662
    1. הַ,יָּמִים
    2. 509901,509902
    3. the days
    4. -
    5. 3117
    6. S-Td,Ncmpa
    7. the=days
    8. -
    9. TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 356663
    1. אֲשֶׁר
    2. 509903
    3. which
    4. -
    6. S-Tr
    7. which
    8. -
    9. TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 356664
    2. 509904
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 356665
    1. אָמַר
    2. 509905
    3. he had said
    4. -
    5. 559
    6. V-Vqp3ms
    7. he_had_said
    8. -
    9. TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 356666
    1. הַ,מֶּלֶךְ
    2. 509906,509907
    3. the king
    4. king King
    5. 4428
    6. S-Td,Ncmsa
    7. the=king
    8. -
    9. TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 356667
    1. לַ,הֲבִיאָ,ם
    2. 509908,509909,509910
    3. to bring them
    4. -
    5. 935
    6. VO-R,Vhc,Sp3mp
    7. to=bring=them
    8. -
    9. TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 356668
    1. וַ,יְבִיאֵ,ם
    2. 509911,509912,509913
    3. and he/it brought them
    4. -
    5. 935
    6. VO-C,Vhw3ms,Sp3mp
    7. and=he/it_brought=them
    8. -
    9. TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 356669
    1. שַׂר
    2. 509914
    3. the chief of
    4. chief
    5. 8269
    6. S-Ncmsc
    7. the_chief_of
    8. -
    9. TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 356670
    1. הַ,סָּרִיסִים
    2. 509915,509916
    3. the officials
    4. official
    5. 5631
    6. S-Td,Ncmpa
    7. the=officials
    8. -
    9. TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 356671
    1. לִ,פְנֵי
    2. 509917,509918
    3. to (the) face of/in front of/before
    4. -
    5. 6440
    6. S-R,Ncbpc
    7. to=(the)_face_of/in_front_of/before
    8. -
    9. TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 356672
    1. נְבֻכַדְנֶצַּֽר
    2. 509919
    3. Nəⱱūkadneʦʦar
    4. -
    5. 5019
    6. S-Np
    7. Nebuchadnezzar
    8. -
    9. Person=Nebuchadnezzar; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 356673
    2. 509920
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-sof-pasuq
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 356674

OET (OET-LV) And_to_from_(the)_end the_days which he_had_said the_king to_bring_them and_he/it_brought_them the_chief_of the_officials to_(the)_face_of/in_front_of/before Nəⱱūkadneʦʦar.

OET (OET-RV) At the end of the three years when the king ordered them to be brought in, the chief official Ashpenaz brought them in to King Nevukadnetstsar.

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 1:1–21: Daniel and his friends began to serve King Nebuchadnezzar

This section forms the introduction to the first division and to the book of Daniel as a whole. It tells how some Hebrew boys came to live in Babylon and serve the Babylonian king.

God allowed the king of Babylon, Nebuchadnezzar, to defeat the king of Judah. King Nebuchadnezzar ordered his chief official to choose some boys from Judah and to train them to work in the government of Babylon. Daniel and his three friends were among these boys. They excelled in their studies and the king was pleased with the wise advice they gave.

The phrase “the Lord delivered” (“Adonay gave” in Hebrew) occurs in 1:2, the phrase “God had granted” (“Elohim had given” in Hebrew) occurs in 1:9, and the phrase “God gave” (“Elohim gave” in Hebrew) occurs in 1:17. (1:2a, 1:9, 1:17a). The author used these phrases to emphasize that the Lord is sovereign over the events of history and the lives of his people. God has authority over what happens to Gentile nations and also what happens to his people. This is the theme of this chapter.

Paragraph 1:17–21

Some English versions include verse 17 with the previous paragraph (for example, the NRSV and NJB). However, it seems appropriate to begin a new paragraph at this verse, as the GNT and BSB do. Daniel 1:17 introduces the climax of the chapter. God blessed Daniel and his three friends. The king was very pleased with their wisdom and he accepted them into his service.

1:18a

Now at the end of the time specified by the king,

Now at the end of the time specified by the king: This verse part indicates the time of the next action in the story. Three years passed, and the training period that the king had ordered came to an end (see 1:5). Other ways to translate this include:

When the time appointed by the king arrived (NET)

At the end of the three-year training period (GW)

At the end of the three years set by the king (GNT)

In some languages it may be natural to translate this as an independent sentence. For example:

The training period that the king had spoken of came to an end.

The young men completed the three years of training that the king had ordered.

Now at the end of the time: The Hebrew expression that the BSB translates as at the end of the time is literally “at the end of the days” (as in the KJV). This phrase refers to the period of three years that King Nebuchadnezzar had set to train the young men (1:5b). It is not a reference to the ten-day testing period.

In some languages it may be necessary to make that explicit. For example:

at the end of the three-year training period (GW)

When the three year training period ordered by the king was completed (NLT)

specified by the king: This refers to the king’s command in 1:5b.

the king: The phrase the king refers to King Nebuchadnezzar. He is mentioned by name at the end of this verse. See the General Comment on 1:18a–b.

1:18b

the chief official presented them to Nebuchadnezzar.

the chief official presented them to Nebuchadnezzar: Ashpenaz brought the young men into the king’s presence so that he could decide if he wanted them to serve him. Other ways to translate this include:

Ashpenaz took all the young men to Nebuchadnezzar (GNT)

his chief palace official brought all the young men to him (CEV)

the chief official: This refers to Ashpenaz. See the note on 1:7.

presented them to Nebuchadnezzar: The phrase presented them indicates that the official told the young men to go with him to meet the king. The king wanted to see and interview them.

In your translation, it is good to use an expression that refers to coming before a person of high rank and importance.

Some translations add implied information that tells the purpose of the meeting:

brought them to Nebuchadnezzar so he could evaluate them

General Comment on 1:18a–b

King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon is referred to as “the king” in 1:18a and as “Nebuchadnezzar” in 1:18b. In your translation, make it clear that the two expressions refer to the same person. In some languages it may be more natural to use the name and title first, and then a pronoun. For example:

At the end of the three-year period set by King Nebuchadnezzar, his chief palace official brought all the young men to him. (CEV)

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

לִ⁠פְנֵ֖י נְבֻכַדְנֶצַּֽר

to=(the)_face_of/in_front_of/before (Some words not found in UHB: and=to=from=(the)_end the=days which/who he/it_had_said the=king to=bring=them and=he/it_brought=them chief the=officials to=(the)_face_of/in_front_of/before Nəⱱūkadneʦʦar )

Here, to the face of represents being in front of Nebuchadnezzar. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: [into the presence of Nebuchadnezzar] or [in front of Nebuchadnezzar]

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Hebrew word
    5. Hebrew lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. And to from (the) end
    2. end
    3. 1987,3705,4129,6775
    5. 509897,509898,509899,509900
    6. S-C,R,R,Ncfsc
    8. S
    9. TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 356662
    1. the days
    2. -
    3. 1893,3371
    5. 509901,509902
    6. S-Td,Ncmpa
    8. -
    9. TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 356663
    1. which
    2. -
    3. 238
    5. 509903
    6. S-Tr
    8. -
    9. TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 356664
    1. he had said
    2. -
    3. 683
    5. 509905
    6. V-Vqp3ms
    8. -
    9. TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 356666
    1. the king
    2. king King
    3. 1893,4308
    5. 509906,509907
    6. S-Td,Ncmsa
    8. -
    9. TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 356667
    1. to bring them
    2. -
    3. 3705,1274,1978
    5. 509908,509909,509910
    6. VO-R,Vhc,Sp3mp
    8. -
    9. TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 356668
    1. and he/it brought them
    2. -
    3. 1987,1274,1978
    5. 509911,509912,509913
    6. VO-C,Vhw3ms,Sp3mp
    8. -
    9. TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 356669
    1. the chief of
    2. chief
    3. 8068
    5. 509914
    6. S-Ncmsc
    8. -
    9. TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 356670
    1. the officials
    2. official
    3. 1893,5466
    5. 509915,509916
    6. S-Td,Ncmpa
    8. -
    9. TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 356671
    1. to (the) face of/in front of/before
    2. -
    3. 3705,6376
    5. 509917,509918
    6. S-R,Ncbpc
    8. -
    9. TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 356672
    1. Nəⱱūkadneʦʦar
    2. -
    3. 4891
    5. 509919
    6. S-Np
    8. -
    9. Person=Nebuchadnezzar; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 356673

OET (OET-LV) And_to_from_(the)_end the_days which he_had_said the_king to_bring_them and_he/it_brought_them the_chief_of the_officials to_(the)_face_of/in_front_of/before Nəⱱūkadneʦʦar.

OET (OET-RV) At the end of the three years when the king ordered them to be brought in, the chief official Ashpenaz brought them in to King Nevukadnetstsar.

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The Hebrew text, lemmas, and morphology are all thanks to the OSHB and some of the glosses are from Macula Hebrew.OET logo mark

← DAN 1:18 ↑ → ► ║ ≡ ©