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Gal 1 V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10 V11 V12 V13 V14 V15 V16 V18 V19 V20 V21 V22 V23 V24

OET interlinear GAL 1:17

← GAL 1:17 ↓ → ► ║ ©

SR Greek word order (including unused variant words in grey)

    1. Greek word
    2. Greek lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. οὐδέ
    2. oude
    3. nor
    4. -
    5. 37610
    6. C·······
    7. nor
    8. nor
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 125841
    1. ἀπῆλθον
    2. aperχomai
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 5650
    6. VIAA3··P
    7. ˱I˲ went_away
    8. ˱I˲ went_away
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 125842
    1. ἦλθον
    2. erχomai
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 20640
    6. VIAA3··P
    7. ˱I˲ came
    8. ˱I˲ came
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 125843
    1. ἀνῆλθον
    2. anerχomai
    3. I went up
    4. -
    5. 4240
    6. VIAA1··S
    7. ˱I˲ went_uphill
    8. ˱I˲ went_up
    9. -
    10. Y58; R125554; Person=Paul
    11. 125844
    1. εἰς
    2. eis
    3. to
    4. -
    5. 15190
    6. P·······
    7. to
    8. to
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 125845
    1. Ἱεροσόλυμα
    2. ierosoluma
    3. Hierousalaʸm/(Yərūshālayim)
    4. -
    5. 24140
    6. N····ANP
    7. Hierousalaʸm/(Yərūshālayim)
    8. Jerusalem
    9. U
    10. Location=Jerusalem; Y58
    11. 125846
    1. πρός
    2. pros
    3. to
    4. -
    5. 43140
    6. P·······
    7. to
    8. to
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 125847
    1. τούς
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····AMP
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 125848
    1. πρό
    2. pro
    3. before
    4. -
    5. 42530
    6. P·······
    7. before
    8. before
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 125849
    1. ἐμοῦ
    2. egō
    3. me
    4. -
    5. 14730
    6. R···1G·S
    7. me
    8. me
    9. -
    10. Y58; R125554; Person=Paul
    11. 125850
    1. ἀποστόλους
    2. apostolos
    3. ambassadors
    4. ambassadors
    5. 6520
    6. N····AMP
    7. ambassadors
    8. ambassadors
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 125851
    1. ἀλλά
    2. alla
    3. but
    4. -
    5. 2350
    6. C·······
    7. but
    8. but
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 125852
    1. ἀπῆλθον
    2. aperχomai
    3. I went away
    4. -
    5. 5650
    6. VIAA1··S
    7. ˱I˲ went_away
    8. ˱I˲ went_away
    9. -
    10. Y58; R125554; Person=Paul
    11. 125853
    1. εἰς
    2. eis
    3. into
    4. -
    5. 15190
    6. P·······
    7. into
    8. into
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 125854
    1. Ἀραβίαν
    2. arabia
    3. Arabia
    4. Arabia
    5. 6880
    6. N····AFS
    7. Arabia
    8. Arabia
    9. U
    10. Location=Arabia; Y58
    11. 125855
    1. καί
    2. kai
    3. and
    4. but
    5. 25320
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 125856
    1. πάλιν
    2. palin
    3. again
    4. -
    5. 38250
    6. D·······
    7. again
    8. again
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 125857
    1. ὑπέστρεψα
    2. hupostrefō
    3. I returned
    4. returned
    5. 52900
    6. VIAA1··S
    7. ˱I˲ returned
    8. ˱I˲ returned
    9. -
    10. Y58; R125554; Person=Paul
    11. 125858
    1. εἰς
    2. eis
    3. to
    4. -
    5. 15190
    6. P·······
    7. to
    8. to
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 125859
    1. Δαμασκόν
    2. damaskos
    3. Damaskos/(Dammeseq)
    4. Damascus
    5. 11540
    6. N····AFS
    7. Damaskos/(Dammeseq)
    8. Damascus
    9. U
    10. Location=Damascus; Y58
    11. 125860

OET (OET-LV) nor I_went_up to Hierousalaʸm/(Yərūshālayim) to the ambassadors before me, but I_went_away into Arabia, and again I_returned to Damaskos/(Dammeseq).

OET (OET-RV) nor did I head to Yerushalem to consult with the ambassadors there that preceded me, but I went away to Arabia and then later returned to Damascus.

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 1:11–24: Paul received his message from Jesus himself

In this section, Paul stressed that the gospel that he preached came from Jesus Christ himself. No human being taught it to him. Therefore, his message had God’s authority. Paul’s purpose in writing this section was to convince the Galatians that the true gospel is the one that he preached.

Some other possible headings for this section are:

Paul’s Message Comes from Christ (NLT)

Jesus Alone Gave Paul the Good News He Spreads (GW)

Paul’s Authority is from God (NCV)

God is the source of Paul’s authority and message

Paragraph 1:15–17

In this paragraph, Paul again wrote that he received the gospel from God and not from men. When God revealed Jesus to him, he did not go to Jerusalem to learn the gospel from the apostles.

In Greek, 1:15–17 is a long, complex sentence. Before you translate this complex sentence, it is important to understand its structure.

This long sentence begins with a time clause:

15aBut when God …15cwas pleased 16ato reveal his Son to me

In the middle of this time clause (after the phrase “But when God”) are two clauses that describe God. (These two clauses are relative clauses):

…who set me apart from my mother’s womb and who called me by his grace…

The main clauses are in 1:16c–17c:

16cI did not rush to consult with flesh and blood 17anor did I go up to Jerusalem …17bbut I went into Arabia 17cand later returned to Damascus.

In many languages it will be necessary to divide this long Greek sentence into several shorter sentences. It may also be necessary to change the order of some of the clauses in this long sentence. Examples are given in the notes below.

1:17a

nor did I go up to Jerusalem to the apostles who came before me,

nor did I go up to Jerusalem to the apostles who came before me: This clause indicates that Paul did not go and get his message from the other apostles. These apostles were in Jerusalem. They had authority as the spiritual leaders of the church. It might be expected that Paul would go to them to learn the gospel. But he did not go to them.

Some other ways to translate this clause are:

Nor did I go up to Jerusalem to consult with those who were apostles before I was (NLT)

I did not go to Jerusalem and learn from those who were apostles before I was

go up to Jerusalem: The city of Jerusalem was built on a hill. So anyone going to the city had to walk up the hill.

In some languages, it is important to say whether people walk up or “down” when they travel. In other languages, this will be unusual or may be confusing. If it is confusing in your language, you should simply say:

go to Jerusalem (GNT)

The same Greek verb occurs in 1:18b and 2:1a.

apostles who came before me: This phrase refers to the leaders of the church in Jerusalem. These men had become apostles before Paul became an apostle. Three of them are mentioned by name in 2:9b (Cephas, John, and James, who was the brother of Jesus).

Some other ways to translate this phrase are:

chosen to be apostles before I was chosen to be an apostle

became apostles before I became an apostle

The word “apostle” first occurs in 1:1a. See also apostle in the Glossary for more information.

1:17b

but I went into Arabia

but: There is a contrast here. The contrast is between what Paul did not do (in 1:16c–17a) and what he did. Languages have different ways to indicate this negative-positive type of contrast.One of the functions of the Greek conjunction ἀλλά is to signal this negative-positive type of contrast. Some of the ways are:

I went into Arabia: This clause states what Paul did after God revealed Jesus to him. He went to Arabia.

Arabia is the name of a region. It was far away from Jerusalem. None of the apostles were in Arabia. This showed that God worked directly in Paul’s life apart from any connection to the apostles in Jerusalem. Paul’s point is that the gospel he preached came from God.

Some other ways to translate this clause are:

I went immediately into Arabia (NIV)

I went away to the region of Arabia

Notice the word “immediately” in the NIV example above. This word actually occurs in 1:16 in Greek (the BSB translates it as “rush” there). In English it is more natural to put the word “immediately” with the action that a person does rather than the action that the person did not do.

1:17c

and later returned to Damascus.

and later returned to Damascus: Damascus is the name of a city. It was also far from Jerusalem. It was on the road to Damascus that God first revealed Christ to Paul (Acts 9:1–19). When Paul left the region of Arabia, he went back to the city of Damascus. Paul did not say how long he stayed in Arabia before he returned to Damascus.

Some other ways to translate this clause are:

and later I returned to the city of Damascus (NLT)

and afterwards I went back to the city of Damascus

and then came back to Damascus (GW)

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / go

ἀνῆλθον εἰς Ἱεροσόλυμα

˱I˲_went_up to Jerusalem

Jerusalem was higher than almost any other place in Israel, so it was normal for people to speak of going up to Jerusalem and going down from it. Your language may say “come” rather than go in contexts such as this. Use whichever is more natural. Alternate translation: [did I come up to Jerusalem]

Note 2 topic: grammar-connect-logic-contrast

ἀλλὰ

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: οὐδέ ἀνῆλθον εἰς Ἱεροσόλυμα πρός τούς πρό ἐμοῦ ἀποστόλους ἀλλά ἀπῆλθον εἰς Ἀραβίαν καί πάλιν ὑπέστρεψα εἰς Δαμασκόν)

What follows the word Instead is in contrast to what was expected. Use a natural way in your language for introducing a contrast.

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / go

ἀπῆλθον εἰς

˱I˲_went_away into

Your language may say “came” rather than went in contexts such as this. Use whichever is more natural. Alternate translation: [I came to]

TSN Tyndale Study Notes:

1:17 those who were apostles before I was: Paul put his own apostleship in the same category as the original disciples (see 1 Cor 9:1; 15:5-9; cp. Acts 1:22; 10:41).
• Paul’s trip to Arabia is not mentioned elsewhere; his understanding of the Good News was apparently formed during that time. Paul knew the Scriptures (see Acts 22:3), the claims of the first Christians (see Acts 8:1), and what others had told him since his conversion.

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Greek word
    5. Greek lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. nor
    2. -
    3. 37610
    5. oude
    6. C-·······
    7. nor
    8. nor
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 125841
    1. I went up
    2. -
    3. 4240
    5. anerχomai
    6. V-IAA1··S
    7. ˱I˲ went_uphill
    8. ˱I˲ went_up
    9. -
    10. Y58; R125554; Person=Paul
    11. 125844
    1. to
    2. -
    3. 15190
    5. eis
    6. P-·······
    7. to
    8. to
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 125845
    1. Hierousalaʸm/(Yərūshālayim)
    2. -
    3. 24140
    4. U
    5. ierosoluma
    6. N-····ANP
    7. Hierousalaʸm/(Yərūshālayim)
    8. Jerusalem
    9. U
    10. Location=Jerusalem; Y58
    11. 125846
    1. to
    2. -
    3. 43140
    5. pros
    6. P-·······
    7. to
    8. to
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 125847
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····AMP
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 125848
    1. ambassadors
    2. ambassadors
    3. 6520
    5. apostolos
    6. N-····AMP
    7. ambassadors
    8. ambassadors
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 125851
    1. before
    2. -
    3. 42530
    5. pro
    6. P-·······
    7. before
    8. before
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 125849
    1. me
    2. -
    3. 14730
    5. egō
    6. R-···1G·S
    7. me
    8. me
    9. -
    10. Y58; R125554; Person=Paul
    11. 125850
    1. but
    2. -
    3. 2350
    5. alla
    6. C-·······
    7. but
    8. but
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 125852
    1. I went away
    2. -
    3. 5650
    5. aperχomai
    6. V-IAA1··S
    7. ˱I˲ went_away
    8. ˱I˲ went_away
    9. -
    10. Y58; R125554; Person=Paul
    11. 125853
    1. into
    2. -
    3. 15190
    5. eis
    6. P-·······
    7. into
    8. into
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 125854
    1. Arabia
    2. Arabia
    3. 6880
    4. U
    5. arabia
    6. N-····AFS
    7. Arabia
    8. Arabia
    9. U
    10. Location=Arabia; Y58
    11. 125855
    1. and
    2. but
    3. 25320
    5. kai
    6. C-·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 125856
    1. again
    2. -
    3. 38250
    5. palin
    6. D-·······
    7. again
    8. again
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 125857
    1. I returned
    2. returned
    3. 52900
    5. hupostrefō
    6. V-IAA1··S
    7. ˱I˲ returned
    8. ˱I˲ returned
    9. -
    10. Y58; R125554; Person=Paul
    11. 125858
    1. to
    2. -
    3. 15190
    5. eis
    6. P-·······
    7. to
    8. to
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 125859
    1. Damaskos/(Dammeseq)
    2. Damascus
    3. 11540
    4. U
    5. damaskos
    6. N-····AFS
    7. Damaskos/(Dammeseq)
    8. Damascus
    9. U
    10. Location=Damascus; Y58
    11. 125860

OET (OET-LV) nor I_went_up to Hierousalaʸm/(Yərūshālayim) to the ambassadors before me, but I_went_away into Arabia, and again I_returned to Damaskos/(Dammeseq).

OET (OET-RV) nor did I head to Yerushalem to consult with the ambassadors there that preceded me, but I went away to Arabia and then later returned to Damascus.

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

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← GAL 1:17 ↑ → ► ║ ©