GAL 1:16 Interlinear View

1. Greek word
2. Greek lemma
3. OET-LV words
4. OET-RV words
5. Strongs
6. Role/Morphology
7. OET Gloss
8. VLT Gloss
9. CAPS codes
10. Confidence
11. OET tags
12. OET word #
1. ἀποκαλύψαι
2. apokaluptō
3. to reveal
4. reveal
5. 6010
6. VNAA····
7. ˓to˒ reveal
8. ˓to˒ reveal
9. -
10. Y58; R125810
11. 125822
1. τόν
2. ho
3. the
4. -
5. 35880
6. E····AMS
7. the
8. the
9. -
10. Y58
11. 125823
1. Υἱόν
2. huios
3. son
4. -
5. 52070
6. N····AMS
7. son
8. Son
9. G
10. Y58; Person=Jesus
11. 125824
1. αὐτοῦ
2. autos
3. of him
4. his
5. 8460
6. R···3GMS
7. ˱of˲ him
8. ˱of˲ him
9. -
10. Y58; R125810
11. 125825
1. ἐν
2. en
3. in
4. -
5. 17220
6. P·······
7. in
8. in
9. -
10. Y58
11. 125826
1. ἐμοί
2. egō
3. me
4. -
5. 14730
6. R···1D·S
7. me
8. me
9. -
10. Y58
11. 125827
1. ἵνα
2. hina
3. in order that
4. -
5. 24430
6. C·······
7. in_order_that
8. in_order_that
9. -
10. Y58
11. 125828
1. εὐαγγελίζωμαι
2. euaŋgelizō
3. I may be good message preaching
4. preach good message
5. 20970
6. VSPM1··S
7. ˱I˲ ˓may_be˒ good_message_preaching
8. ˱I˲ ˓may_be˒ gospel_preaching
9. -
10. Y58; R125554; Person=Paul
11. 125829
1. εὐαγγελίσωμαι
2. euaŋgelizō
3. -
4. -
5. 20970
6. VSAM1··S
7. ˱I˲ ˓may˒ good_message_preach
8. ˱I˲ ˓may˒ gospel_preach
9. -
10. -
11. 125830
1. αὐτόν
2. autos
3. him
4. -
5. 8460
6. R···3AMS
7. him
8. him
9. -
10. Y58
11. 125831
1. ἐν
2. en
3. among
4. -
5. 17220
6. P·······
7. among
8. among
9. -
10. Y58
11. 125832
1. τοῖς
2. ho
3. the
4. -
5. 35880
6. E····DNP
7. the
8. the
9. -
10. Y58
11. 125833
1. ἔθνεσιν
2. ethnos
3. pagans
4. -
5. 14840
6. N····DNP
7. pagans
8. pagans
9. -
10. Y58
11. 125834
1. εὐθέως
2. eutheōs
3. immediately
4. -
5. 21120
6. D·······
7. immediately
8. immediately
9. -
10. Y58
11. 125835
1. οὒ
2. ou
3. not
4. didn't
5. 37560
6. C·······
7. not
8. not
9. -
10. Y58
11. 125836
1. προσανεθέμην
2. prosanatithēmi
3. I consulted
4. -
5. 43230
6. VIAM1··S
7. ˱I˲ consulted
8. ˱I˲ consulted
9. -
10. Y58; R125554; Person=Paul
11. 125837
1. σαρκί
2. sarka
3. with flesh
4. -
5. 45610
6. N····DFS
7. ˱with˲ flesh
8. ˱with˲ flesh
9. -
10. Y58
11. 125838
1. καί
2. kai
3. and
4. -
5. 25320
6. C·······
7. and
8. and
9. -
10. Y58
11. 125839
1. αἵματι
2. haima
3. blood
4. -
5. 1290
6. N····DNS
7. blood
8. blood
9. -
10. Y58
11. 125840

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 1:11–24: Paul received his message from Jesus himself

In this section, Paul stressed that the gospel that he preached came from Jesus Christ himself. No human being taught it to him. Therefore, his message had God’s authority. Paul’s purpose in writing this section was to convince the Galatians that the true gospel is the one that he preached.

Some other possible headings for this section are:

Paul’s Message Comes from Christ (NLT)

Jesus Alone Gave Paul the Good News He Spreads (GW)

Paul’s Authority is from God (NCV)

God is the source of Paul’s authority and message

Paragraph 1:15–17

In this paragraph, Paul again wrote that he received the gospel from God and not from men. When God revealed Jesus to him, he did not go to Jerusalem to learn the gospel from the apostles.

In Greek, 1:15–17 is a long, complex sentence. Before you translate this complex sentence, it is important to understand its structure.

This long sentence begins with a time clause:

^15aBut when God …^15cwas pleased ^16ato reveal his Son to me

In the middle of this time clause (after the phrase “But when God”) are two clauses that describe God. (These two clauses are relative clauses):

…who set me apart from my mother’s womb and who called me by his grace…

The main clauses are in 1:16c–17c:

^16cI did not rush to consult with flesh and blood ^17anor did I go up to Jerusalem …^17bbut I went into Arabia ^17cand later returned to Damascus.

In many languages it will be necessary to divide this long Greek sentence into several shorter sentences. It may also be necessary to change the order of some of the clauses in this long sentence. Examples are given in the notes below.

1:16a

to reveal His Son in me

to show his Son to me
to cause me to know his Son
to make me to understand who his Son really is.

to reveal His Son in me: This clause means that God showed Paul that Jesus was his/God’s son.

The verb reveal does not just mean that Paul saw Jesus with his eyes. It means that God caused Paul to understand who Jesus really was. This happened on the road to Damascus.

Some other ways to translate this clause are:

to show me his Son (CEV)

to cause me to know his Son

to make me to understand who his Son really is

His Son: The phrase His Son refers to God’s Son, Jesus. “The Son of God” or “God’s Son” is a title that was often used to refer to a savior who would be a descendant of King David. God would send this savior to rescue his people. This person was often referred to as the “Messiah” or “Christ.”

The title “the Son of God” also indicates that Jesus has the same nature and character as God. The relationship between God the Father and Jesus, his Son, is similar in some way to the relationship between human fathers and sons. God the Father does not have a physical body. He did not have a sexual relationship with Mary that resulted in her becoming pregnant and giving birth to Jesus. The Son of God existed eternally as the Son with his Father.

In areas where people do not understand the title “the Son of God” in this way, you may want to include a footnote that explains the correct meaning. Here is a suggested footnote:

This title refers to Jesus. It indicates that Jesus has the same nature and character as God. It does not mean that God the Father had a sexual relationship with Mary that resulted in her becoming pregnant and giving birth to Jesus. Mary became pregnant with Jesus in a miraculous way by the Holy Spirit of God.

In some languages, it is natural to speak of a son as a “child,” without specifying male or female. If that is true in your language, you may use a more general term, such as:

his ChildA translation of the title “the Son of God” must include a familial term such as “son” or “child.” Translations such as “the man who is God,” “the divine man,” or “the God man” are not acceptable, since they do not retain familial language. Examples of acceptable translation options include “the Son who comes from God,” and “the divine/unique/eternal Son of God.”

Other verses will usually make clear that Jesus was a male child. If you use a phrase such as “his male child,” be sure that it does not imply that God had another child who was female.

1:16b

so that I might preach Him among the Gentiles,

so that I might preach about him to the Gentiles,
so that I might preach/announce the good news about him to the non-Jews.
He did this so that I could tell the news about his Son to people who are not Jews.

so that I might preach Him among the Gentiles: This clause tells God’s purpose in revealing Jesus to Paul. God showed Jesus to Paul so that Paul would tell the good news about him to the Gentiles.

Some other ways to translate this clause are:

so that I would announce his message to the Gentiles (CEV)

so that I might tell the Good News about him to those who are not Jewish (NCV)

so that I would tell people who are not Jewish that his Son is the Good News (GW)

Gentiles: The word Gentiles refers to all people who were not Jews. This is the first time that this word occurs in Galatians.

Some ways to translate this word are:

the people who are not Jews

non-Jews

See Gentiles, Meaning 1 in the Glossary.

1:16c–17

The main clause of 1:15–17 begins in 1:16c. This clause first states what Paul did not do, and then it states what he did do immediately after God revealed Jesus to him. This is the main clause:

…^16cI did not immediately consult with anyone ^17anor did I go up to Jerusalem …^17bbut I went into Arabia…

Paul’s main point is that he did not receive the gospel from people. Your translation should make this main point clear. In some languages, this will be clearer if you first translate what Paul did. For example:

^17bI immediately went into Arabia ^16cwithout consulting any man ^17aor going up to Jerusalem to see those who were apostles before me. ^17cLater I returned to Damascus.

1:16c

I did not rush to consult with flesh and blood,

I did not go to anyone and ask him to teach me the good news.
When this happened, I did not ask anyone to teach me the gospel.

I did not rush to consult with flesh and blood: This clause means that Paul “did not ask for information from someone” or “did not ask for instruction from someone.” Paul did not go to anyone to ask them to tell him or teach him or give him advice about the good news.

Some other ways to translate this clause are:

I did not go to anyone for advice (GNT)

I did not ask anyone to teach me about the gospel

When all this happened to me, I did not rush out to consult with anyone else (NLT96)

rush: The Greek word that the BSB translates as rush relates to all three clauses in 1:16c, 1:17a, and 1:17b. In the first two clauses Paul told us what he did not do. In the third clause, he told us what he did do. In some languages, it may be more natural to place the word rush in the third clause (the one that tells us what Paul did do). For example:

but right away I departed to Arabia (NET)

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

ἀποκαλύψαι τὸν Υἱὸν αὐτοῦ ἐν ἐμοὶ

˓to˒_reveal (Some words not found in SR-GNT: ἀποκαλύψαι τόν Υἱόν αὐτοῦ ἐν ἐμοί ἵνα εὐαγγελίζωμαι αὐτόν ἐν τοῖς ἔθνεσιν εὐθέως οὒ προσανεθέμην σαρκί καί αἵματι)

The phrase reveal his Son in me could mean: (1) that God revealed his Son to Paul, revealing to Paul who Jesus was so that Paul had an inward knowledge of who Jesus really was. Alternate translation: [to reveal to me his Son] or [to reveal to me who his Son really is] (2) that God revealed his Son to others through Paul. Alternate translation: [to reveal his Son to others through me] or [to reveal his Son to others by me]

Note 2 topic: grammar-connect-logic-goal

ἵνα

in_order_that

The phrase so that introduces a purpose clause. After the phrase so that Paul states the purpose for which God revealed his Son to Paul, namely so that he might preach him among the Gentiles. Use a natural way in your language for introducing a purpose clause. Alternate translation: [in order that]

εὐαγγελίζωμαι αὐτὸν

˱I˲_˓may_be˒_gospel_preaching (Some words not found in SR-GNT: ἀποκαλύψαι τόν Υἱόν αὐτοῦ ἐν ἐμοί ἵνα εὐαγγελίζωμαι αὐτόν ἐν τοῖς ἔθνεσιν εὐθέως οὒ προσανεθέμην σαρκί καί αἵματι)

Alternate translation: [I might proclaim the good news about God’s Son]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / synecdoche

σαρκὶ καὶ αἵματι

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: ἀποκαλύψαι τόν Υἱόν αὐτοῦ ἐν ἐμοί ἵνα εὐαγγελίζωμαι αὐτόν ἐν τοῖς ἔθνεσιν εὐθέως οὒ προσανεθέμην σαρκί καί αἵματι)

Paul refers figuratively to human beings by naming a few of the things that a human being is made of, specifically flesh and blood. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your culture or use plain language. Alternate translation: [any person] or [anyone]

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

OET interlinear GAL 1:16

SR Greek word order (including unused variant words in grey)

Section 1:11–24: Paul received his message from Jesus himself

Paragraph 1:15–17

1:16a

1:16b

1:16c–17

1:16c

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)