OET interlinear GAL 1:12

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: grammar-connect-words-phrases

γὰρ

for

Here, the word For could be being used to introduce: (1) the grounds or basis for Paul’s assertion in 1:11, in which case what follows the word For is being used as support for what Paul said in 1:11. Use a form that would be natural for introducing a statement which gives supporting evidence. Alternate translation: In support of my claim that the gospel I proclaimed is not according to man, I want you to know that] (2) a statement which explains and builds on Paul’s assertion in [1:11. Use a form that would be natural for introducing a statement which further clarifies and explains a prior statement. Alternate translation: [To explain further, I want you to know] or [That is]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / parallelism

οὐδὲ & ἐγὼ παρὰ ἀνθρώπου παρέλαβον αὐτό, οὔτε ἐδιδάχθην

neither & I from human_origin received it nor ˱I˲_/was/_taught_‹it›

The phrase I did not receive it from man and the phrase nor was I taught it mean basically the same thing. If saying the same thing twice might confuse your readers, you could combine the two phrases into one. Alternate translation: [I did not receive the gospel that I proclaim from any person]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / gendernotations

ἀνθρώπου

human_origin

Although the term man is masculine, Paul is using the word here in a generic sense that includes both men and women and refers to humans. See how you translated the word man in 1:11 where it is used with a similar meaning. Alternate translation: [people] or [humans] or [a human source]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

ἐδιδάχθην

˱I˲_/was/_taught_‹it›

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you could state this in active form, or in another way that is natural in your language.

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

αὐτό & ἐδιδάχθην

it & ˱I˲_/was/_taught_‹it›

Here, both occurrences of the word it refer back to the gospel which Paul proclaimed, which he mentioned in 1:11. If it would help your readers, you could express that explicitly. Alternate translation: [the gospel that I proclaimed … did I learn the gospel by the teaching of man]

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / ellipsis

ἐδιδάχθην

˱I˲_/was/_taught_‹it›

Paul is leaving out some of the words that a sentence would need in many languages to be complete. If it would be helpful in your language, you could supply these words from the context. Alternate translation: [was I taught it by any person] or [was I taught it by man] or [was I taught it by a human being]

Note 7 topic: grammar-connect-logic-contrast

ἀλλὰ

but

What follows the word but is in contrast to the phrases receive it from man and taught it. In contrast to Paul receiving the message he proclaimed from a human source or being taught it, Paul received the gospel message from a divine source. Use a natural way in your language for introducing a contrast. Alternate translation: [but, rather,] or [but, instead,]

δι’

by

Alternate translation: [through a]

Note 8 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

ἀποκαλύψεως Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ

/a/_revelation ˱of˲_Jesus Christ

If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of revelation, you could express the same idea with a verb such as “revealing,” or you could express the meaning in some other way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: [God revealing Jesus Christ]

Note 9 topic: figures-of-speech / possession

δι’ ἀποκαλύψεως Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ

by /a/_revelation ˱of˲_Jesus Christ

Paul could be using the possessive form here to mean: (1) that God revealed Jesus Christ to Paul. See the phrase “to reveal his Son in me” in 1:16. Alternate translation: [God revealed Jesus Christ to me] or [God made me know the gospel when he showed Jesus Christ to me] (2) that it was Jesus Christ who made the revelation to Paul. Alternate translation: [by what Jesus Christ revealed to me] (3) that Jesus revealed himself to Paul and taught him the message that he preached. Alternate translation: [Jesus Christ revealed himself to me and taught me the gospel about himself] or [Jesus Christ revealed himself to me and taught me the gospel concerning himself]

Note 10 topic: figures-of-speech / ellipsis

ἀλλὰ δι’ ἀποκαλύψεως Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ

but by /a/_revelation ˱of˲_Jesus Christ

Paul is leaving out some of the words that a sentence would need in many languages to be complete. If your readers might misunderstand this, you could supply these words from the context. Alternate translation: [but I received it by a revelation of Jesus Christ] or [but I was taught it by revelation of Jesus Christ]