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Hos C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10 C11 C12 C13 C14

Hos 4 V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10 V11 V12 V13 V14 V16 V17 V18 V19

OET interlinear HOS 4:15

◄ ← HOS 4:15 ↓ → ► ║ ©

Hebrew word order

    1. Hebrew word
    2. Hebrew lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. אִם
    2. 521607
    3. Though
    4. Though
    6. S-C
    7. though
    8. S
    9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 364496
    2. 521608
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 364497
    1. זֹנֶה
    2. 521609
    3. +are prostituting yourself
    4. ≈prostitute yourself
    5. 2181
    6. V-Vqrmsa
    7. [are]_prostituting_yourself
    8. -
    9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 364498
    1. אַתָּה
    2. 521610
    3. you
    4. -
    6. S-Pp2ms
    7. you
    8. -
    9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 364499
    1. יִשְׂרָאֵל
    2. 521611
    3. Oh Yisrāʼēl/(Israel)
    4. Yisrael
    5. 3478
    6. S-Np
    7. O_Israel
    8. -
    9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 364500
    1. אַל
    2. 521612
    3. not
    4. Don't
    5. 408
    6. S-Tn
    7. not
    8. -
    9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 364501
    2. 521613
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 364502
    1. יֶאְשַׁם
    2. 521614
    3. let it become guilty
    4. -
    5. 816
    6. V-Vqj3ms
    7. let_it_become_guilty
    8. -
    9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 364503
    1. יְהוּדָה
    2. 521615
    3. Yəhūdāh/(Judah)
    4. Yehudah
    5. 3063
    6. S-Np
    7. Judah
    8. -
    9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 364504
    1. וְ,אַל
    2. 521616,521617
    3. and do not
    4. -
    5. 408
    6. S-C,Tn
    7. and,do_not
    8. -
    9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 364505
    2. 521618
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 364506
    1. תָּבֹאוּ
    2. 521619
    3. go
    4. -
    5. 935
    6. V-Vqj2mp
    7. go
    8. -
    9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 364507
    1. הַ,גִּלְגָּל
    2. 521620,521621
    3. (the) Gilgal
    4. Gilgal
    5. 1537
    6. S-Td,Np
    7. (the),Gilgal
    8. -
    9. Location=Gilgal; Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 364508
    1. וְ,אַֽל
    2. 521622,521623
    3. and do not
    4. -
    5. 408
    6. S-C,Tn
    7. and,do_not
    8. -
    9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 364509
    2. 521624
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 364510
    1. תַּעֲלוּ
    2. 521625
    3. go up
    4. -
    5. 5927
    6. V-Vqj2mp
    7. go_up
    8. -
    9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 364511
    1. בֵּית
    2. 521626
    3. Bēyt
    4. -
    6. S-Np
    7. Beth
    8. -
    9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 364512
    1. אָוֶן
    2. 521627
    3. Aven
    4. -
    5. 1007
    6. S-Np
    7. Aven
    8. -
    9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 364513
    1. וְ,אַל
    2. 521628,521629
    3. and do not
    4. -
    5. 408
    6. S-C,Tn
    7. and,do_not
    8. -
    9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 364514
    2. 521630
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 364515
    1. תִּשָּׁבְעוּ
    2. 521631
    3. swear
    4. -
    5. 7650
    6. V-VNj2mp
    7. swear
    8. -
    9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 364516
    1. חַי
    2. 521632
    3. by the life
    4. -
    6. P-Aamsa
    7. [by]_the_life
    8. -
    9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 364517
    2. 521633
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 364518
    1. יְהוָה
    2. 521634
    3. of YHWH
    4. Yahweh
    5. 3068
    6. S-Np
    7. of_Yahweh
    8. -
    9. Person=God; Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 364519
    2. 521635
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-sof-pasuq
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 364520

OET (OET-LV) Though are_prostituting_yourself you Oh_Yisrāʼēl/(Israel) not let_it_become_guilty Yəhūdāh/(Judah) and_do_not go (the)_Gilgal and_do_not go_up Bēyt Aven and_do_not swear by_the_life of_YHWH.

OET (OET-RV)  ⇔ Though you prostitute yourself, Yisrael,
 ⇔ don’t involve Yehudah in what you’re doing.
 ⇔ Don’t go to Gilgal or to Beyt-Aven,
 ⇔ and don’t make an oath, saying, ‘As Yahweh lives.’

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 4:11b–19: The Sinful People

This section shows how much the people of Israel were committed to sexual sin and idolatry. They were stubborn and refused to return to the LORD. As a result, the LORD promised to discipline them so that in time they would be ashamed of their idolatry.

Here are some other examples of section headings:

The Lord Condemns Pagan Worship (GNT)

Worship in Israel is idolatrous and debauched (NJB)

The previous section focused primarily on the priests. This section focuses on the people as a group. A section heading may be appropriate here if you chose interpretation (1) in 4:10d–11b. In that case this section would begin with a new sentence. A section heading is not recommended if you chose interpretation (2) or (3), because the heading would interrupt a sentence.

Paragraph 4:15–19

This paragraph gives more details about the immorality, drunkenness, and idol worship of the people of Israel.

4:15a

Though you prostitute yourself, O Israel, may Judah avoid such guilt!

Though you prostitute yourself, O Israel, may Judah avoid such guilt: In this verse part the LORD mentioned the sexual immorality and idolatry of the people of Israel as a basis for giving an indirect warning to the people of Judah. He warned them not to become guilty of the same sins.

These two clauses have a number of probable implications. It may be helpful to make some of the logical relationships explicit.

  1. The LORD knew that the people of Israel were prostituting themselves.

  2. He expected that the people of Judah would follow Israel’s example and become guilty of the same sins.

  3. But he did not want this to happen, so he warned Judah not to commit those sins.

There is an implied contrast between what the LORD expected and his warning. In some languages, it may be more natural to express this contrast with a word such as “but.” For example:

You Israelites prostitute yourselves, but Judah must not become guilty of the same sin.

you prostitute yourself: The word that the BSB translates as prostitute is a different form of the same word that it translates as “be promiscuous” in 4:10b (see the note there). It probably refers here to both sexual immorality and unfaithfulness towards God.

O Israel: In this context, the direct form of address O Israel implies a rebuke. Use a form of address in your language that is natural to use in a rebuke.

may Judah avoid such guilt: In this context, this phrase is an indirect command or warning to the people of Judah. It expresses the LORD’s desire that they not become guilty of the same sin as the people of Israel. It may also imply a rebuke. It is likely that some people from Judah already worshiped at idol shrines in Israel.

This phrase is not a command to Israel that Israel must prevent Judah from becoming guilty. It is an indirect command to Judah.A command to Israel to prevent Judah's guilt would use a second person verb addressed to Israel here. However, this verb is a third person jussive addressed indirectly to Judah. The jussive expresses the speaker's desire that a situation will occur or in this case, will not occur.

Here are some other ways to express this meaning:

Though you, Israel, play the whore, there is no need for Judah to sin too. (NJB)

Even though you people of Israel are unfaithful to me, may Judah not be guilty of the same thing. (GNT)

4:15b

Do not journey to Gilgal, do not go up to Beth-aven,

Notice the parallel parts that are similar in meaning:

Do not journey to Gilgal,

do not go up to Beth-aven,

Gilgal and Bethel (here called Beth-aven) were the names of two cities that were major centers of idolatry. The LORD told his people not to worship at these two places.

Do not journey to Gilgal, do not go up to Beth-aven: The LORD may have given this command to the people of Israel, the people of Judah, or both groups of people. Most English versions, including the BSB, are ambiguous. It is recommended that you follow the example of these versions and not specify who the command refers to.

Beth-aven: Bethel means “house of God.” The name Beth-aven means “house of wickedness.” The LORD used the name Beth-aven here to emphasize how evil Bethel had become.Years earlier Bethel was a place for worshiping the LORD. Later Jeroboam set up a shrine with a golden calf there (see 1 Kings 12:20–33). From that time on it became a place for worshiping false gods. See also 5:8 and 10:5.

It is recommended that you use the name Beth-aven in your translation and not “Bethel.” Some other ways that versions spell this name are Beth Aven and Bethaven.

It is also recommended that you add a footnote to explain that the LORD substituted Beth-aven for “Bethel.” For example:

Bethel means “house of God.” Here the LORD called it Beth-aven, which means “house of wickedness.”

Do not journey…do not go up: The second of these parallel phrases is more specific than the first. It often refers to going uphill. Many verses speak of “going up” to Jerusalem, and Bethel was located at an even higher elevation. If your language uses a specific term for traveling uphill, you may want to use it here. However, in this context the uphill direction is not in focus. Both phrases refer to travel to a shrine for the purpose of worship.

Here are some other ways to translate this idea:

Do not come to Gilgal, Do not make pilgrimages to Beth-aven (NJPS)

Don’t worship at Gilgal or Bethaven (GNT)

4:15c

and do not swear on oath, ‘As surely as the LORD lives!’

and do not swear on oath, ‘As surely as the LORD lives!’: As the BSB clarifies, in this context, to swear means to make an oath or a promise. The Israelites used the expression As surely as the LORD lives as part of the oath. It was a guarantee that they would do what they promised. In the past, the LORD allowed them to use his name in this way because of his covenant relationship with them (see Deuteronomy 6:13, 10:20).

However, the Israelites broke that covenant when they turned away from the LORD to worship idols instead. Since they did not honor him, the LORD told them to stop using his name to make an oath.

Here are some other ways to translate this sentence:

And quit making promises in my name—the name of the living Lord (CEV)

Do not…take oaths there in the Lord’s name. (NLT)

uW Translation Notes:

General Information:

Yahweh is talking about Judah and Israel.

(Occurrence 0) may Judah not become guilty

(Some words not found in UHB: if play_the_whore you(ms) Yisrael not become_guilty Yehuda and,do_not go (the),Gilgal and,do_not go_up house_of -aven and,do_not swear he/it_lived YHWH )

God knows how sinful Israel has become and does not want Judah to do the same thing.

(Occurrence 0) Do not go to Gilgal, you people; do not go up to Beth Aven

(Some words not found in UHB: if play_the_whore you(ms) Yisrael not become_guilty Yehuda and,do_not go (the),Gilgal and,do_not go_up house_of -aven and,do_not swear he/it_lived YHWH )

The people of Judah are being warned not to go to the cities of Gilgal or Beth Aven to worship idols in those places. Gilgal was once a place where Yahweh had been worshiped, but it had become a place of idol worship.

Note 1 topic: translate-names

(Occurrence 0) Beth Aven

(Some words not found in UHB: if play_the_whore you(ms) Yisrael not become_guilty Yehuda and,do_not go (the),Gilgal and,do_not go_up house_of -aven and,do_not swear he/it_lived YHWH )

This was a city on the border between the northern kingdom of Israel and the tribe of Benjamin in the southern kingdom.

TSN Tyndale Study Notes:

4:15 Beth-aven refers to the wickedness being practiced at Bethel, the most important worship center in the northern kingdom of Israel (see Amos 7:13; cp. Hos 5:8; 10:5).

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Hebrew word
    5. Hebrew lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. Though
    2. Though
    3. 280
    5. 521607
    6. S-C
    8. S
    9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 364496
    1. +are prostituting yourself
    2. ≈prostitute yourself
    3. 2126
    5. 521609
    6. V-Vqrmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 364498
    1. you
    2. -
    3. 611
    5. 521610
    6. S-Pp2ms
    8. -
    9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 364499
    1. Oh Yisrāʼēl/(Israel)
    2. Yisrael
    3. 3077
    5. 521611
    6. S-Np
    8. -
    9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 364500
    1. not
    2. Don't
    3. 515
    5. 521612
    6. S-Tn
    8. -
    9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 364501
    1. let it become guilty
    2. -
    3. 742
    5. 521614
    6. V-Vqj3ms
    8. -
    9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 364503
    1. Yəhūdāh/(Judah)
    2. Yehudah
    3. 2925
    5. 521615
    6. S-Np
    8. -
    9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 364504
    1. and do not
    2. -
    3. 1987,515
    5. 521616,521617
    6. S-C,Tn
    8. -
    9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 364505
    1. go
    2. -
    3. 1274
    5. 521619
    6. V-Vqj2mp
    8. -
    9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 364507
    1. (the) Gilgal
    2. Gilgal
    3. 1893,1391
    5. 521620,521621
    6. S-Td,Np
    8. -
    9. Location=Gilgal; Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 364508
    1. and do not
    2. -
    3. 1987,515
    5. 521622,521623
    6. S-C,Tn
    8. -
    9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 364509
    1. go up
    2. -
    3. 5945
    5. 521625
    6. V-Vqj2mp
    8. -
    9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 364511
    1. Bēyt
    2. -
    3. 983
    5. 521626
    6. S-Np
    8. -
    9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 364512
    1. Aven
    2. -
    3. 983
    5. 521627
    6. S-Np
    8. -
    9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 364513
    1. and do not
    2. -
    3. 1987,515
    5. 521628,521629
    6. S-C,Tn
    8. -
    9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 364514
    1. swear
    2. -
    3. 7767
    5. 521631
    6. V-VNj2mp
    8. -
    9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 364516
    1. by the life
    2. -
    3. 2445
    5. 521632
    6. P-Aamsa
    8. -
    9. Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 364517
    1. of YHWH
    2. Yahweh
    3. 3354
    5. 521634
    6. S-Np
    8. -
    9. Person=God; Y-780; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 364519

OET (OET-LV) Though are_prostituting_yourself you Oh_Yisrāʼēl/(Israel) not let_it_become_guilty Yəhūdāh/(Judah) and_do_not go (the)_Gilgal and_do_not go_up Bēyt Aven and_do_not swear by_the_life of_YHWH.

OET (OET-RV)  ⇔ Though you prostitute yourself, Yisrael,
 ⇔ don’t involve Yehudah in what you’re doing.
 ⇔ Don’t go to Gilgal or to Beyt-Aven,
 ⇔ and don’t make an oath, saying, ‘As Yahweh lives.’

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The Hebrew text, lemmas, and morphology are all thanks to the OSHB and some of the glosses are from Macula Hebrew.OET logo mark

◄ ← HOS 4:15 ↑ → ► ║ ©