OET interlinear 1 TH 5:3

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / pastforfuture

ὅταν λέγωσιν, εἰρήνη καὶ ἀσφάλεια, τότε αἰφνίδιος αὐτοῖς ἐφίσταται ὄλεθρος

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ὅταν λέγωσιν Εἰρήνη καί ἀσφάλεια τότε αἰφνίδιος ἐπίσταται αὐτοῖς ὄλεθρος ὥσπερ ἡ ὠδίν τῇ ἐν γαστρί ἐχούσῃ καί οὒ μή ἐκφύγωσιν)

Here Paul uses the present tense forms say and comes to refer to something that will happen in the future. He uses the present tense to indicate that these things will certainly happen. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use the future tense. Alternate translation: [Whenever they will be saying, “Peace and safety,” then sudden destruction will come on them]

Note 2 topic: grammar-connect-time-simultaneous

ὅταν λέγωσιν, εἰρήνη καὶ ἀσφάλεια, τότε αἰφνίδιος & ὄλεθρος

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ὅταν λέγωσιν Εἰρήνη καί ἀσφάλεια τότε αἰφνίδιος ἐπίσταται αὐτοῖς ὄλεθρος ὥσπερ ἡ ὠδίν τῇ ἐν γαστρί ἐχούσῃ καί οὒ μή ἐκφύγωσιν)

Here, the word Whenever introduces something that is happening when the sudden destruction comes. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a form that describes things that happen at the same time. Alternate translation: [While they are saying, “Peace and safety,” sudden destruction] or [They will be saying, “Peace and safety,” but then sudden destruction]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / quotations

λέγωσιν, εἰρήνη καὶ ἀσφάλεια, τότε

˱they˲_˓may_be˒_saying (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ὅταν λέγωσιν Εἰρήνη καί ἀσφάλεια τότε αἰφνίδιος ἐπίσταται αὐτοῖς ὄλεθρος ὥσπερ ἡ ὠδίν τῇ ἐν γαστρί ἐχούσῃ καί οὒ μή ἐκφύγωσιν)

It may be more natural in your language to have an indirect quotation here. Alternate translation: [they say that there is peace and safety, then]

Note 4 topic: writing-pronouns

λέγωσιν & αὐτοῖς & οὐ μὴ ἐκφύγωσιν

˱they˲_˓may_be˒_saying & ˱to˲_them & (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ὅταν λέγωσιν Εἰρήνη καί ἀσφάλεια τότε αἰφνίδιος ἐπίσταται αὐτοῖς ὄλεθρος ὥσπερ ἡ ὠδίν τῇ ἐν γαστρί ἐχούσῃ καί οὒ μή ἐκφύγωσιν)

Here, the pronouns they, them, and they refer to every person who is not a believer. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this idea more explicit. Alternate translation: [unbelievers say … on them … they will certainly not escape]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

εἰρήνη καὶ ἀσφάλεια

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ὅταν λέγωσιν Εἰρήνη καί ἀσφάλεια τότε αἰφνίδιος ἐπίσταται αὐτοῖς ὄλεθρος ὥσπερ ἡ ὠδίν τῇ ἐν γαστρί ἐχούσῃ καί οὒ μή ἐκφύγωσιν)

If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of Peace and safety, you could express the same ideas in another way. Alternate translation: [We are peaceful and safe] or [We live peacefully and safely]

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

αἰφνίδιος αὐτοῖς ἐφίσταται ὄλεθρος, ὥσπερ ἡ ὠδὶν τῇ

sudden (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ὅταν λέγωσιν Εἰρήνη καί ἀσφάλεια τότε αἰφνίδιος ἐπίσταται αὐτοῖς ὄλεθρος ὥσπερ ἡ ὠδίν τῇ ἐν γαστρί ἐχούσῃ καί οὒ μή ἐκφύγωσιν)

If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of destruction, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: [they will suddenly be destroyed, just as the birth pain comes to the one]

Note 7 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

ὄλεθρος

destruction

Here, the word destruction refers to severe suffering or punishment. It does not mean that they people who experience the destruction cease to exist. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this idea more explicit. Alternate translation: [ruin] or [disaster]

Note 8 topic: figures-of-speech / simile

ὥσπερ ἡ ὠδὶν τῇ ἐν γαστρὶ ἐχούσῃ; καὶ οὐ μὴ ἐκφύγωσιν

as the (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ὅταν λέγωσιν Εἰρήνη καί ἀσφάλεια τότε αἰφνίδιος ἐπίσταται αὐτοῖς ὄλεθρος ὥσπερ ἡ ὠδίν τῇ ἐν γαστρί ἐχούσῃ καί οὒ μή ἐκφύγωσιν)

Paul is saying that sudden destruction during the day of the Lord is like birth pain because both events begin suddenly and cannot be avoided. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state that explicitly. Alternate translation: [just as the birth pain comes suddenly on the one having in the womb, and just as she cannot escape from the birth pain, so they will certainly not escape the destruction]

Note 9 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

τῇ ἐν γαστρὶ ἐχούσῃ

˱to˲_the_‹woman› in (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ὅταν λέγωσιν Εἰρήνη καί ἀσφάλεια τότε αἰφνίδιος ἐπίσταται αὐτοῖς ὄλεθρος ὥσπερ ἡ ὠδίν τῇ ἐν γαστρί ἐχούσῃ καί οὒ μή ἐκφύγωσιν)

Here, the phrase the one having in the womb refers to a woman who is pregnant. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable phrase or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [to a woman with child] or [to a woman who is pregnant]

Note 10 topic: figures-of-speech / doublenegatives

οὐ μὴ ἐκφύγωσιν

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ὅταν λέγωσιν Εἰρήνη καί ἀσφάλεια τότε αἰφνίδιος ἐπίσταται αὐτοῖς ὄλεθρος ὥσπερ ἡ ὠδίν τῇ ἐν γαστρί ἐχούσῃ καί οὒ μή ἐκφύγωσιν)

The words translated certainly not are two negative words. In this construction, the second negative does not cancel the first to create a positive meaning. Instead, it gives greater emphasis to the negative. If your language can use two negatives that do not cancel one another to create a positive meaning, you could use a double negative here. If your language does not use two negatives in that way, you could translate with one strong negative, as the ULT does. Alternate translation: [they will by no means escape]