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Php C1 C2 C3 C4

Php 1 V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10 V11 V12 V13 V14 V15 V16 V17 V18 V19 V20 V21 V22 V23 V24 V25 V26 V27 V29 V30

OET interlinear PHP 1:28

← PHP 1:28 ↓ → ► ║ ©

SR Greek word order (including unused variant words in grey)

    1. Greek word
    2. Greek lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. καί
    2. kai
    3. and
    4. but
    5. 25320
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 131210
    1. μή
    2. mē
    3. not
    4. -
    5. 33610
    6. D·······
    7. not
    8. not
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 131211
    1. πτυρόμενοι
    2. pturō
    3. being frightened
    4. being frightened
    5. 44260
    6. VPPP·NMP
    7. ˓being˒ frightened
    8. ˓being˒ frightened
    9. -
    10. Y64; R130916
    11. 131212
    1. ἐν
    2. en
    3. in
    4. -
    5. 17220
    6. P·······
    7. in
    8. in
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 131213
    1. μηδενί
    2. mēdeis
    3. nothing
    4. -
    5. 33670
    6. R····DNS
    7. nothing
    8. nothing
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 131214
    1. ὑπό
    2. hupo
    3. by
    4. -
    5. 52590
    6. P·······
    7. by
    8. by
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 131215
    1. τῶν
    2. ho
    3. the ones
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. R····GMP
    7. the ‹ones›
    8. the ‹ones›
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 131216
    1. ἀντικειμένων
    2. antikeimai
    3. opposing
    4. opposition
    5. 4800
    6. VPPM·GMP
    7. opposing
    8. opposing
    9. -
    10. Y64; F131219
    11. 131217
    1. ἥτις
    2. hostis
    3. which
    4. that
    5. 37480
    6. R····NFS
    7. which
    8. which
    9. -
    10. Y64; R131207
    11. 131218
    1. αὐτοῖς
    2. autos
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 8460
    6. R···3DMP
    7. ˱to˲ them
    8. ˱to˲ them
    9. -
    10. R131217
    11. 131219
    1. μέν
    2. men
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 33030
    6. D·······
    7. indeed
    8. indeed
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 131220
    1. ἐστίν
    2. eimi
    3. is
    4. -
    5. 15100
    6. VIPA3··S
    7. is
    8. is
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 131221
    1. αὐτοῖς
    2. autos
    3. to them
    4. -
    5. 8460
    6. R···3DMP
    7. ˱to˲ them
    8. ˱to˲ them
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 131222
    1. ἔνδειξις
    2. endeixis
    3. +a sign
    4. sign
    5. 17320
    6. N····NFS
    7. ˓a˒ sign
    8. ˓a˒ sign
    9. -
    10. Y64; F131231
    11. 131223
    1. ἀπωλείας
    2. apōleia
    3. of destruction
    4. destruction
    5. 6840
    6. N····GFS
    7. ˱of˲ destruction
    8. ˱of˲ destruction
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 131224
    1. ἡμῖν
    2. egō
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 14730
    6. R···1D·P
    7. us
    8. us
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 131225
    1. ὑμῖν
    2. su
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 47710
    6. R···2D·P
    7. you_all
    8. you_all
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 131226
    1. ὑμῶν
    2. su
    3. to you all
    4. you
    5. 47710
    6. R···2G·P
    7. ˱to˲ you_all
    8. ˱to˲ you_all
    9. -
    10. Y64; R130916
    11. 131227
    1. δέ
    2. de
    3. but
    4. -
    5. 11610
    6. C·······
    7. but
    8. but
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 131228
    1. σωτηρίας
    2. sōtēria
    3. of salvation
    4. salvation
    5. 49910
    6. N····GFS
    7. ˱of˲ salvation
    8. ˱of˲ salvation
    9. -
    10. Y64; F131231
    11. 131229
    1. καί
    2. kai
    3. and
    4. -
    5. 25320
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 131230
    1. τοῦτο
    2. houtos
    3. this
    4. -
    5. 37780
    6. R····NNS
    7. this
    8. this
    9. -
    10. Y64; R131223; R131229
    11. 131231
    1. ἀπό
    2. apo
    3. from
    4. -
    5. 5750
    6. P·······
    7. from
    8. from
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 131232
    1. Θεοῦ
    2. theos
    3. god
    4. God
    5. 23160
    6. N····GMS
    7. god
    8. God
    9. GN
    10. Y64; Person=God
    11. 131233

OET (OET-LV) and not being_frightened in nothing by the ones opposing, which is to_them a_sign of_destruction, but to_you_all of_salvation, and this from god,

OET (OET-RV) and not being frightened about anything because of those in opposition. That will be a sign to them that they will face destruction but you all will receive salvation from God,

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 1:27–2:11: Paul encouraged the Philippians to live as true followers of Christ

Paul encouraged the Philippians to act as believers should, to agree with each other and to be courageous when they spoke to other people about Christ. Since they lived among many people who were opposed to the gospel, they should expect to defend their faith. They should also expect to suffer because they trusted in Christ.

1:28a

without being frightened in any way by those who oppose you.

without being frightened: It may be helpful to translate this as a command. For example:

Do not have [any] fear [of those who oppose you.]

Do not [let your enemies] frighten you [at all.]

in any way: The phrase in any way gives emphasis. The GNT shows this emphasis by using two verbs:

don’t be afraid…always be courageous (GNT)

Two translation suggestions that express this emphasis are:

Do not let your enemies find any way to frighten you.

Do not be afraid of them at all.

those who oppose you: This refers to people who were enemies of the gospel and therefore opposed those who believed in Christ. Possible translations are:

those who persecute you

those who cause you trouble

The enemies mentioned here in 1:27–28 were probably non-Christians who were persecuting the believers in Philippi as they had persecuted Paul when he was in Philippi (Acts 16).

1:28b

This is a clear sign of their destruction but of your salvation,

This is a clear sign: In other words: “This is proof to your enemies.” The word This refers back to the phrase “without being frightened” in 1:28a. The believers were not afraid to be faithful to God even though they suffered. This fearlessness was a sign that God controlled their lives and therefore that those who opposed the believers were opposing God.

their destruction: This implies that God would eternally destroy them. The word destruction refers to spiritual ruin. It means that they would not live eternally with God.

of your salvation: This implies that God would give the Philippians eternal life.

It may be more natural in your language to reverse these last two clauses. For example:

God will save you but he will destroy them.

1:28c

and it is from God.

and it is from God: This can be understood in three main ways:

  1. God was the one who caused all this to happen. In this case the word it (Greek touto) refers in a general way to all of 1:28, to the courage of the believers and what their courage proved. God caused them not to be afraid and so gave evidence that he would destroy the enemies and save the believers. (GNT, CEV, NRSV)

  2. God is the one who gave the sign. The Greek word touto specifically refers back to the word “sign”. (BSB, RSV, NET, REB, GW)

  3. God is the one who will save the believers and destroy their enemies. (NLT, NCV and NIV)

It is recommended that you follow interpretation (1).

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

τῶν ἀντικειμένων

the_‹ones› opposing

The phrase the ones opposing you refers to the people who were opposing the Philippian Christians and causing them trouble. If this would be unclear in your language, consider stating this plainly. Alternate translation: [the people opposing you] or [the people opposing you because you believe in Jesus]

Note 2 topic: writing-pronouns

ἥτις ἐστὶν αὐτοῖς ἔνδειξις

which (Some words not found in SR-GNT: καί μή πτυρόμενοι ἐν μηδενί ὑπό τῶν ἀντικειμένων ἥτις ἐστίν αὐτοῖς ἔνδειξις ἀπωλείας ὑμῶν δέ σωτηρίας καί τοῦτο ἀπό Θεοῦ)

The word This in the phrase This is a sign to them refers to the lack of fear because of their faith that the Philippian believers will have when they are opposed.

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

ἀπωλείας

˱of˲_destruction

If it would be clearer in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun destruction by using a verb form or by expressing it in some other way that would be clear in your language. Alternate translation: [that God will destroy them]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

ὑμῶν δὲ σωτηρίας

˱to˲_you_all (Some words not found in SR-GNT: καί μή πτυρόμενοι ἐν μηδενί ὑπό τῶν ἀντικειμένων ἥτις ἐστίν αὐτοῖς ἔνδειξις ἀπωλείας ὑμῶν δέ σωτηρίας καί τοῦτο ἀπό Θεοῦ)

If it would be clearer in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun salvation by using a verb form of this word or by expressing it in some other way that would be clear in your language. Alternate translation: [while he is saving you]

Note 5 topic: writing-pronouns

τοῦτο ἀπὸ Θεοῦ

this (Some words not found in SR-GNT: καί μή πτυρόμενοι ἐν μηδενί ὑπό τῶν ἀντικειμένων ἥτις ἐστίν αὐτοῖς ἔνδειξις ἀπωλείας ὑμῶν δέ σωτηρίας καί τοῦτο ἀπό Θεοῦ)

The word this in the phrase this from God could refer to: (1) what comes before it in this verse, both the courage God gives the Philippian Christians and the sign that their courage gives to those opposing them. Alternate translation: [your lack of fear and the evidence it gives is all from God] (2) the sign given to those who oppose the Philippian Christians. Alternate translation: [this sign is from God]

TSN Tyndale Study Notes:

1:28 a sign to them that they are going to be destroyed, but that you are going to be saved: As translated, the persecutors would be convicted by the Philippians’ example. The same Greek phrase could also be translated a sign to them that you are going to be destroyed, but a sign to you that you are going to be saved. By that interpretation, the persecutors would remain blind to the truth (cp. 2 Cor 2:15-16).

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Greek word
    5. Greek lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. and
    2. but
    3. 25320
    5. kai
    6. C-·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 131210
    1. not
    2. -
    3. 33610
    5. mē
    6. D-·······
    7. not
    8. not
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 131211
    1. being frightened
    2. being frightened
    3. 44260
    5. pturō
    6. V-PPP·NMP
    7. ˓being˒ frightened
    8. ˓being˒ frightened
    9. -
    10. Y64; R130916
    11. 131212
    1. in
    2. -
    3. 17220
    5. en
    6. P-·······
    7. in
    8. in
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 131213
    1. nothing
    2. -
    3. 33670
    5. mēdeis
    6. R-····DNS
    7. nothing
    8. nothing
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 131214
    1. by
    2. -
    3. 52590
    5. hupo
    6. P-·······
    7. by
    8. by
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 131215
    1. the ones
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. R-····GMP
    7. the ‹ones›
    8. the ‹ones›
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 131216
    1. opposing
    2. opposition
    3. 4800
    5. antikeimai
    6. V-PPM·GMP
    7. opposing
    8. opposing
    9. -
    10. Y64; F131219
    11. 131217
    1. which
    2. that
    3. 37480
    5. hostis
    6. R-····NFS
    7. which
    8. which
    9. -
    10. Y64; R131207
    11. 131218
    1. is
    2. -
    3. 15100
    5. eimi
    6. V-IPA3··S
    7. is
    8. is
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 131221
    1. to them
    2. -
    3. 8460
    5. autos
    6. R-···3DMP
    7. ˱to˲ them
    8. ˱to˲ them
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 131222
    1. +a sign
    2. sign
    3. 17320
    5. endeixis
    6. N-····NFS
    7. ˓a˒ sign
    8. ˓a˒ sign
    9. -
    10. Y64; F131231
    11. 131223
    1. of destruction
    2. destruction
    3. 6840
    5. apōleia
    6. N-····GFS
    7. ˱of˲ destruction
    8. ˱of˲ destruction
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 131224
    1. but
    2. -
    3. 11610
    5. de
    6. C-·······
    7. but
    8. but
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 131228
    1. to you all
    2. you
    3. 47710
    5. su
    6. R-···2G·P
    7. ˱to˲ you_all
    8. ˱to˲ you_all
    9. -
    10. Y64; R130916
    11. 131227
    1. of salvation
    2. salvation
    3. 49910
    5. sōtēria
    6. N-····GFS
    7. ˱of˲ salvation
    8. ˱of˲ salvation
    9. -
    10. Y64; F131231
    11. 131229
    1. and
    2. -
    3. 25320
    5. kai
    6. C-·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 131230
    1. this
    2. -
    3. 37780
    5. houtos
    6. R-····NNS
    7. this
    8. this
    9. -
    10. Y64; R131223; R131229
    11. 131231
    1. from
    2. -
    3. 5750
    5. apo
    6. P-·······
    7. from
    8. from
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 131232
    1. god
    2. God
    3. 23160
    4. GN
    5. theos
    6. N-····GMS
    7. god
    8. God
    9. GN
    10. Y64; Person=God
    11. 131233

OET (OET-LV) and not being_frightened in nothing by the ones opposing, which is to_them a_sign of_destruction, but to_you_all of_salvation, and this from god,

OET (OET-RV) and not being frightened about anything because of those in opposition. That will be a sign to them that they will face destruction but you all will receive salvation from God,

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

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← PHP 1:28 ↑ → ► ║ ©