Open Bible Data Home  About  News  OET Key

OETOET-RVOET-LVULTUSTBSBBLBAICNTOEBWEBBEWMBBNETLSVFBVTCNTT4TLEBBBEMoffJPSWymthASVDRAYLTDrbyRVWbstrKJB-1769KJB-1611BshpsGnvaCvdlTNTWycSR-GNTUHBRelatedTopics Parallel InterlinearReferenceDictionarySearch

parallelVerse INTGENEXOLEVNUMDEUJOSJDGRUTH1SA2SAPSAAMOSHOS1KI2KI1CH2CHPROECCSNGJOELMICISAZEPHABJERLAMYNANAHOBADANEZEEZRAESTNEHHAGZECMALJOBYHNMARKMATLUKEACTsYACGAL1TH2TH1COR2CORROMCOLPHMEPHPHP1TIMTIT1PET2PET2TIMHEBYUD1YHN2YHN3YHNREV

1Ki IntroC1C2C3C4C5C6C7C8C9C10C11C12C13C14C15C16C17C18C19C20C21C22

1Ki -1 V1V2V3V4V5V6V7V8V9V10V11V12V13V14V15V16V17V18V19V20V21V22V23V24V25V26V27V28V29V30V31V32V33V34

Parallel 1KI Intro

Note: This view shows ‘verses’ which are not natural language units and hence sometimes only part of a sentence will be visible. Normally the OET discourages the reading of individual ‘verses’, but this view is only designed for doing comparisons of different translations. Click on any Bible version abbreviation down the left-hand side to see the verse in more of its context. The OET segments on this page are still very early looks into the unfinished texts of the Open English Translation of the Bible. Please double-check these texts in advance before using in public.

1Ki Book Introductions ©

(All still tentative.)

OET (OET-RV)

1KI - Open English Translation—Readers’ Version (OET-RV) v0.0.02

ESFM v0.6 KI1

WORDTABLE OET-LV_OT_word_table.tsv

1 Kings

Introduction

The first document concerning the kings sumpul of story concerning the kingdom of Israelis started of document of Samwil. Divided this of three: 1.) The pegsubal of Solomon as King of nation of Israel, and the death of father his David. 2.) The kingdom of Solomon and the me kalampusan din, labi en indeed the making of temple of Yerushalem. 3.) The division of kingdom of Israel of two: the kingdom dapit of north, and the kingdom dapit of south, and the stories concerning the kings led them until 950 years before Yeshua was born.

Here in two Account concerning the kings, inggukuman the each teacher according to pegkamatinumanen their of God, and nanengnengan the kalampusan of entire nation egpakaparuma-ruma of pegkamatinumanen their. The worshipping of false gods and the pegkamasinupaken, egpakabehey of destruction. And/Now didn’t prosper of this testing the all King of kingdom dapit of north. But due mule prospered kings of kingdom dapit of south, and due also didn’t prosper.

And/Now the very neneila people of First document concerning the kings, is the prophets of Master God mabbagget me talagpangguhud of speech of God warned of people not worshipping of false gods, and not disobeying of God. Labi en indeed Ilyas and the account concerning the opposition din of prophets of Baal (chapter 18).

Main components of this account

The final of kingdom of David 1:1-2:12

Made King Solomon 2:13-46

The kingdom of Solomon 3:1-11:43

a. The first years 3:1-4:34

b. The making of temple 5:1-8:66

c. The ending years 9:1-11:43

The division of kingdom of Israel into two 12:1-22:53

a. The rebellion of tribes dapit of north 12:1-14:20

b. The kings of Huda and Israel 14:21-16:34

c. The prophet Ilyas 17:1-19:21

d. The King of Israel Ahab 20:1-22:40

e. Hihusapat from-Huda and Ahasiyas from-Israel 22:41-53

This is still a very early look into the unfinished text of the Open English Translation of the Bible. Please double-check the text in advance before using in public.

OET-LV

1Ki

ESFM v0.6 KI1

WORDTABLE OET-LV_OT_word_table.tsv

The parsed Hebrew text used to create this file is Copyright © 2019 by https://hb.
openscriptures.org

Our English glosses are released CC0 by https://Freely-Given.org

ESFM file created 2024-10-31 14:25 by extract_glossed_OSHB_OT_to_ESFM v0.52

USFM file edited by ScriptedBibleEditor v0.31

1 kings

UHB

1KI unfoldingWord® Hebrew Bible

First Kings

ULT

1KI EN_ULT en_English_ltr Sat Oct 16 2021 06:34:28 GMT-0700 (Pacific Daylight Time) tc

First Kings

UST

1KI EN_UST en_English_ltr unfoldingWord Simplified Text Thu Dec 17 2020 21:48:45 GMT-0600 (Central Standard Time) tc

First Kings


BSB

1KI - Berean Study Bible

1 Kings

OEB

1KI ENG Open Engish Bible (OEB) CC0

ORIGINAL BASE TEXT

Kent’s Student’s Bible

TAGS

STATUS

UNCHECKED

NOTES

Text taken and re-arranged from Kent’s Student Bible.

Missing verses added, with comments, from JPS 1917 facsimile.

All verses are present, and numbered according to the ASV scheme.

JPS 1917 diverges from the ASV verse numbering scheme in chapter 4, 5, and 22.

Obvious typos removed, and modern quotation marks added.

1 Kings

WEBBE

1KI World English Bible British Edition (WEBBE)

The First Book of Kings

WMBB

1KI World Messianic Bible British Edition (WMBB)

The First Book of Kings

NET

1KI

1 Kings

LSV

1KI - Literal Standard Version

First Kings

FBV

1KI - Free Bible Version

1 Kings

T4T

1KI - Translation 4 Translators 1

This book contains the account of King Solomon’s reign and of Israel being divided into two kingdoms, Israel and Judah, after his death. We call this book

1 Kings

BBE

1KI

The First Book of Kings

MoffNo Moff 1KI book available

JPS

1KI

The First Book of the Kings, Commonly Called the Third Book of the Kings

ASV

1KI - American Standard Version

THE FIRST BOOK OF THE

KINGS

DRA

1KI

The First Book of Kings

YLT

1KI The First Book of Kings

The First Book of the Kings

Commonly Called the Third Book of the Kings

Drby

1KI

The First Book of Kings

RV

1KI

THE

FIRST BOOK OF THE KINGS.

Wbstr

1KI The First Book of Kings

The First Book of the Kings

Commonly Called the Third Book of the Kings

KJB-1769

1KI The First Book of Kings

The First Book of the Kings

Commonly Called the Third Book of the Kings

KJB-1611

1KI

¶ T H E F I R S T B O O K E O F

the Kings, commonly called The

third Booke of the Kings.

Gnva

1KI

The First Book of the Kings, Commonly Called the Third Book of the Kings

ClVg

1KI

INCIPIT LIBER MALACHIM ID EST REGUM TERTIUS ET QUARTUS

BrTr

1KI - Brenton English Septuagint

KINGS III.

(1 KINGS)

BrLXX

1KI - Brenton Greek Text

ΒΑΣΙΛΕΙΩΝ Γ

TBISTyndale Book Intro Summary:

The First Book of Kings

Purpose

To outline the glory of Solomon’s reign, the division of the kingdom, and the degradation of Israel

Author

Unknown

Date

Records events that occurred around 973–853 BC

Setting

Begins at the high point of the Israelite monarchy (Solomon’s reign) and ends with a divided kingdom and a low point in the Israelite monarchy (Ahab’s reign)

TBITyndale Book Intro:

Solomon’s kingdom was the pinnacle of Israel’s glory. “King Solomon became richer and wiser than any other king on earth” (1 Kgs 10:23). The Queen of Sheba confirmed the glory of Solomon’s kingdom, saying, “Everything I heard in my country about your achievements and wisdom is true! I didn’t believe what was said until I arrived here and saw it with my own eyes” (10:6-7). First Kings celebrates the splendor of Solomon’s kingdom. But Solomon’s reign also illustrates the dangers of spiritual infidelity, and 1 Kings warns about the results of preoccupation with luxury, fame, self, and security. It is a timeless warning to us all.

Setting

At the height of his power, Solomon administered a kingdom that stretched “from the Euphrates River in the north to the land of the Philistines and the border of Egypt in the south” (4:21). Solomon’s power and wealth brought him in contact with many surrounding nations—especially the important maritime city-state of Tyre and the age-old empire of Egypt.

The mid-900s BC was an ideal time for Solomon’s kingdom to expand, for the traditional political powers of the area were in decline. The strong Hittite kingdom to the north had broken up into a number of small states. In Mesopotamia, years of struggle with the Arameans and the Hittites had weakened Assyria, which remained weak until the accession of Ashur-dan II (934–912 BC). In the south, Egypt’s presence in Canaan had weakened during the 21st dynasty (1069–945 BC). Egypt would not make an effective military comeback until the rule of the 22nd dynasty pharaoh Shoshenq I (Shishak, 945–924 BC).

Unfortunately, Solomon’s foreign diplomacy involved marriages with the daughters of foreign kings. This was a common way to cement alliances in the ancient Near East, but it was spiritually disastrous, for “in Solomon’s old age, they turned his heart to worship other gods instead of being completely faithful to the Lord his God” (11:4).

Tensions that had been smoldering between the northern and southern Hebrew tribes surfaced with Solomon’s death in 931 BC. The resulting schism restructured the kingdom into Israel (the northern ten tribes) and Judah (the remaining two southern tribes). Israel and Judah skirmished repeatedly during the era of the first two northern dynasties and the reigns of Judah’s first three kings (931~874 BC). The hostility subsided when King Ahab of Israel and King Jehoshaphat of Judah found a common cause against the Arameans (chs 20, 22).

The Hebrew kingdoms of Israel and Judah were increasingly entangled by the expansionist ambitions of their neighbors. They were invaded by Shoshenq I of Egypt in 926 BC, and throughout the 800s BC they faced the constant menace of the Arameans and the rising power of Assyria. During the reigns of the Assyrian kings Ashurnasirpal II (883–859 BC) and Shalmaneser III (858–824 BC), Assyrian troops moved steadily westward to the Mediterranean Sea. At the famous Battle of Qarqar (853 BC), a coalition of western allies, including Israel’s King Ahab, withstood the Assyrian king Shalmaneser and temporarily sidetracked Assyria’s advance.

During this time, the two Hebrew kingdoms struggled spiritually. Israel stopped worshiping the Lord at Solomon’s Temple, and Jeroboam I, the first king of the northern kingdom of Israel (931–910 BC), instituted apostate religious practices that led the northern kingdom astray (see 2 Kgs 17:21-23). Judah’s first two kings, Rehoboam and Abijah, lapsed spiritually, while the subsequent two kings, Asa and Jehoshaphat, maintained greater, though not perfect, spiritual fidelity (1 Kgs 15:11; 22:43).

Summary

Beginning with King David’s last days, 1 Kings describes the establishment of Solomon’s glorious empire (971–931 BC) and the events that subsequently divided the kingdom in two (the kingdom of Israel in the north and the kingdom of Judah in the south). The book then traces the varying fortunes of the two kingdoms to about 853 BC, into the reign of Ahaziah in Israel (853–852 BC).

The first eleven chapters center on King Solomon, recounting both his fabulous reign and his later spiritual compromise. Solomon’s story begins and ends in controversy. Solomon was David’s chosen successor, but his older brother Adonijah attempted to seize the throne (1:1–2:46). Solomon triumphed over Adonijah’s rival claim, then used his God-given wisdom to reorganize the government and make it more efficient. He facilitated the kingdom’s commercial expansion on land and sea and undertook extensive building projects, including the marvelous Temple and the palace complex. Toward the end of his reign, however, Solomon’s spiritual decline (11:1-13) and oppressive administrative measures (e.g., 5:13-18) incited political adversaries both inside and outside the country (11:14-40).

God appeared three times to Solomon, giving us a glimpse of his personal spiritual journey. The first time, early in Solomon’s reign, God granted his request for wisdom to rule the kingdom (3:5-15), which resulted in great prosperity and honor (3:16–8:66). After Solomon finished building the Temple and palace, God visited him a second time to remind him that his continued success would depend on spiritual fidelity (9:1-9). However, Solomon’s great fame (9:10–10:29) led him into foreign alliances, cemented by customary marriages with the daughters of foreign kings. Solomon’s resulting spiritual compromise eventually led him so far as to sponsor the worship of pagan deities (11:1-8). God visited Solomon a third and final time; this time he rebuked Solomon for his failure to honor the covenant. Solomon’s unfaithfulness would ultimately cause the kingdom’s division after his death (11:9-13).

The second section of the book (12:1–16:26) demonstrates that God’s judgment came quickly after Solomon’s death. At the beginning of the reign of King Rehoboam, the northern tribes requested relief from forced labor and heavy taxation. Rehoboam rebuffed their request and antagonized them, so the northern tribes rebelled and established the kingdom of Israel in the north, with Jeroboam I as king. Rehoboam remained on the throne of Judah, now a separate kingdom, in the south (12:1-24). During the following era, Israel’s first two dynasties (Jeroboam I to Tibni) spiritually degraded the northern kingdom, while the kings of Judah degraded the southern kingdom. Political instability marked the northern kingdom, with royal assassinations, contests for power, and the establishment of Israel’s notorious third dynasty, founded by King Omri, who was one of the most powerful and evil kings of Israel (16:25-26).

The final section of 1 Kings is primarily devoted to the reign of Omri’s son Ahab (16:29–22:40). Israel had begun worshiping the Canaanite storm-god Baal, so the Lord commissioned Elijah to confront Ahab and to demonstrate the Lord’s power, showing that he alone is God (17:1–18:46). Elijah then fled from the wrath of Queen Jezebel, but God reclaimed and recommissioned him, with Elisha as his successor (19:1-21).

On the political front, King Ahab faced repeated challenges from the Aramean king Ben-hadad, against whom Ahab fought three campaigns (20:1-25, 26-43; 22:1-40), the last of which cost Ahab his life. Between the second and third campaigns, Ahab, aided by his ruthless wife Jezebel, murdered an innocent man named Naboth and confiscated his property (21:1-29).

God’s prophets figured prominently in the events of Ahab’s reign. In Ahab’s first two campaigns against the Arameans, an unnamed prophet first counseled the king (20:22) and then rebuked him (20:35-43). The prophet Elijah later censured Ahab’s seizure of Naboth’s vineyard (21:1-29). Then, before Ahab’s third battle against the Arameans, the prophet Micaiah warned of Ahab’s impending death (22:5-28).

The book of 1 Kings closes with a brief word concerning the character and reign of Judah’s King Jehoshaphat (22:41-50) and introduces Ahab’s successor, Ahaziah (22:51-53), whose story begins 2 Kings.

Authorship and Composition

The books of 1–2 Kings reflect the coherent perspective of a single unknown author, whom Jewish tradition identifies as Jeremiah (Baba Batra 15a). The author witnessed firsthand the fall of Jerusalem and was well acquainted with sources that enabled him to compose a rich history of Solomon’s reign and the divided monarchy. Available to the author were official archives of the palace and Temple and records kept in various prophetic centers. He skillfully weaved these sources into a unified presentation, displaying a central concern regarding his people’s repeated failure to honor their covenant relationship with God.

It is uncertain whether the author was still alive and wrote the final appendix concerning Jehoiachin’s release (561 BC; 2 Kgs 25:27-30; cp. Jer 52:31-34). If not, these verses were appended by someone well acquainted with 1–2 Kings and of a kindred spirit with the primary author.

The books of 1–2 Kings cover essentially the same time period as 2 Chronicles. Accordingly, there are numerous parallel passages with similar wording. But the authors had different purposes in writing, and these differences can be highlighted by comparing the various parallel passages.

Date

Because 2 Kings records the fall of Jerusalem in 586 BC (2 Kgs 24:18–25:21), the composition of 1–2 Kings must have been completed afterward.

The dating of the reigns of various kings and the chronological arrangement of 1–2 Kings remain somewhat problematic, but the general dating of the period seems clear. The basic period for 1 Kings stretches from around 973 BC (including approximately the last two years of David’s reign in Jerusalem, 2 Sam 5:4-5) to around 853 BC, during the reigns of Jehoshaphat of Judah (872–848 BC) and Ahaziah of Israel (853–852 BC). Second Kings picks up where 1 Kings left off (originally, 1–2 Kings was one book). The final appendix to 2 Kings (2 Kgs 25:27-30) was written shortly after the death of Nebuchadnezzar II in 562 BC.

Chronology

The dates for the reigns of the kings of Israel and Judah are determined by comparing biblical data with information from other sources from the period, including historical annals and records of astronomical phenomena. The data frequently highlights the practice of co-regency, whereby a reigning king designated his son as both heir apparent and co-ruler. This practice was common in both Israel and Judah. Hence, the dating of the various kings is not necessarily sequential, but contains a certain extent of overlap. While ascertaining precise dates across the monarchical period is complex, the remarkable harmony between the records of Assyria, Babylon, Aram, Egypt, and Israel highlights the historical reliability of the biblical records.

Meaning and Message

The primary concern of 1 Kings is Israel’s spiritual condition: How well did Israel’s rulers and people keep God’s covenants? God’s special covenant with David had conditions for blessing Israel’s king and his kingdom (2 Sam 7:12-16; Ps 89:20-37). God’s three appearances to Solomon highlight the potential for a successful and meaningful spiritual life, as well as the tragic consequences of spiritual infidelity and relying upon expediency. Each succeeding king is evaluated by his faithfulness to God—by his success or failure in keeping God’s covenants.

The book of 1 Kings emphasizes the role of God’s prophets in advising, admonishing, and warning the kings. While particular attention is devoted to Elijah’s ministry (1 Kgs 17:1–19:21; 21:1-29), God also works through other prophets to claim his people’s loyalty.

The spiritual odysseys of Israel’s kings and prophets challenge all of God’s people to faithful devotion and service. Israel’s frequent preference for what is tangible and expedient reminds us to “keep away from anything that might take God’s place in [our] hearts”(1 Jn 5:21). Like the prophets of old, God’s servants today are to proclaim the necessity of worshiping God alone.

1Ki Book Introductions ©