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OET interlinear GAL 4:29

◄ ← GAL 4:29 ↓ → ► ║ ©

SR Greek word order

    1. Greek word
    2. Greek lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. Ἀλλʼ
    2. alla
    3. But
    4. but
    5. 2350
    6. C·······
    7. but
    8. but
    9. S
    10. Y58
    11. 127298
    1. ὥσπερ
    2. hōsper
    3. as
    4. -
    5. 56180
    6. C·······
    7. as
    8. as
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 127299
    1. τότε
    2. tote
    3. then
    4. -
    5. 51190
    6. D·······
    7. then
    8. then
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 127300
    1. ὁ
    2. ho
    3. the one
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. R····NMS
    7. the ‹one›
    8. the ‹one›
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 127301
    1. κατά
    2. kata
    3. according to
    4. -
    5. 25960
    6. P·······
    7. according_to
    8. according_to
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 127302
    1. σάρκα
    2. sarka
    3. flesh
    4. -
    5. 45610
    6. N····AFS
    7. flesh
    8. flesh
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 127303
    1. γεννηθείς
    2. gennaō
    3. having been born
    4. -
    5. 10800
    6. VPAP·NMS
    7. ˓having_been˒ born
    8. ˓having_been˒ born
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 127304
    1. ἐδίωκε
    2. diōkō
    3. was persecuting
    4. persecuted
    5. 13770
    6. VIIA3··S
    7. ˓was˒ persecuting
    8. ˓was˒ persecuting
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 127305
    1. τόν
    2. ho
    3. the one
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. R····AMS
    7. the ‹one›
    8. the ‹one›
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 127306
    1. κατά
    2. kata
    3. according to
    4. -
    5. 25960
    6. P·······
    7. according_to
    8. according_to
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 127307
    1. Πνεῦμα
    2. pneuma
    3. spirit
    4. spirit
    5. 41510
    6. N····ANS
    7. spirit
    8. Spirit
    9. GN
    10. Y58; Person=Holy_Spirit
    11. 127308
    1. οὕτως
    2. houtōs
    3. thus
    4. -
    5. 37790
    6. D·······
    7. thus
    8. thus
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 127309
    1. καί
    2. kai
    3. also
    4. -
    5. 25320
    6. D·······
    7. also
    8. also
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 127310
    1. νῦν
    2. nun
    3. it is now
    4. -
    5. 35680
    6. D·······
    7. now ‹it_is›
    8. now ‹it_is›
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 127311

OET (OET-LV) But as then the one having_been_born according_to flesh, was_persecuting the one according_to spirit, thus also it_is now.

OET (OET-RV) but back then the one born because of human actions persecuted the one born because of the spirit, and that’s how it continues now.

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 4:21–31: Because the Galatians are spiritual sons of Abraham they are free from slavery

In this section, Paul explained why the Galatians should return to freedom and reject the teaching of the false teachers. He contrasted two sons of Abraham: the son of the slave woman and the son of the free woman. The son of the slave woman represented slavery to the law. The son of the free woman represented the freedom of living in the grace of Christ. Living in slavery to the law is in conflict with living in the grace of Christ. Those who live in the grace of Christ must reject slavery to the law.

Some possible headings for this section are:

Hagar and Sarah

The covenant of the promise is better than the covenant of the law

Choose grace, not the law

Paragraph 4:28–31

In this paragraph, Paul showed the Galatians how the allegory about the free woman and the slave woman applied to their situation.

4:29

In 4:29, Paul used a story from the Old Testament to represent what was happening in Galatia. The story from the Old Testament is about Abraham’s two sons Ishmael and Isaac. He called Ishmael “the son born according to the flesh.” Ishmael represents the false teachers. Ishmael persecuted Isaac, who was born “by the Spirit.” In the same way, the false teachers were persecuting the believers in Galatia.

In some languages, it may be more natural to make parts of this verse explicit. Compare the BSB and the NLT below.

aAt that time, however, bthe son born by the flesh cpersecuted the son born by the Spirit. dIt is the same now. (BSB)

dBut you are now being persecuted by those who want you to keep the law, ajust as Ishmael, bthe child born by human effort, cpersecuted Isaac, the child born by the power of the Spirit. (NLT)

4:29a

At that time, however,

At that time: This phrase introduces a comparison between what happened at the time of Isaac and what was happening in Galatia.

Some other ways to translate this phrase are:

Just like at that time

And what happened then

just as at that time (ESV)

however: There is some contrast between 4:28 and 4:29. The contrast is between the way we would expect people to treat the children of promise and the way they actually treat them. The Greek indicates this contrast with a conjunction that the BSB translates as however.

Another way to introduce 4:29 is:

But

Many English versions do not translate this conjunction. In some languages, it will not be necessary to translate this conjunction either.

4:29b

the son born by the flesh

the son born by the flesh: This clause refers to Abraham’s son Ishmael. He was the son of Hagar. Here Ishmael represents the false teachers.

The phrase by the flesh refers to the fact that the child was conceived and born in the normal, human way. Abraham tried to fulfill God’s promise on his own. He did that by taking the slave woman Hagar and having a child with her. It is the same phrase that Paul used in 4:23a.

Some other ways to translate this clause are:

The son who was born in the normal way (NCV)

he who was born in a human attempt to fulfill God’s promise

the son of Hagar who was born because of the plan of people

the one who had only a natural birth

See flesh, Meaning 5 in the Glossary for more information.

4:29c

persecuted the son born by the Spirit.

persecuted: The Greek verb that the BSB translates as persecuted means “cause to suffer.”

Some other ways to translate this verb are:

made trouble (CEV)

treated…badly (NCV)

caused to suffer

was cruel to

This verb also occurs in 1:13b

the son born by the Spirit: This clause refers to Isaac. Here Isaac represents the believers in Galatia.

The phrase by the Spirit refers to the fact that Isaac was born because of God’s promise to Abraham. God’s Spirit allowed the elderly Sarah to become pregnant. Believers, who are also children of the promise, receive life through God’s Spirit.

Some other ways to translate this clause are:

him who was born because of the work of the Spirit

him who was born by means of the power/help of God’s Spirit

Isaac, the one who came by means of the Spirit fulfilling God’s promise

the Spirit: This phrase refers to the Spirit of God.

Some other ways to translate this word are:

the Holy Spirit

the Spirit of God

See Spirit, Meaning 1 in the Glossary.

4:29d

It is the same now.

It is the same now: This clause states that the situation between Ishmael and Isaac was similar to the situation in Galatia. The Galatian believers, like Isaac, were persecuted by those who were slaves to the law.

Some other ways to translate this clause are:

That’s exactly what’s happening now. (GW)

The same thing is happening today. (CEV)

It is the same today. (NCV)

It’s just like that now.

In some languages, it will be more natural to put this phrase with 4:29a. For example:

aWhat happened then dis like what is happening now.

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: grammar-connect-words-phrases

ἀλλ’

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ἀλλʼ ὥσπερ τότε ὁ κατά σάρκα γεννηθείς ἐδίωκε τόν κατά Πνεῦμα οὕτως καί νῦν)

Here, the word But could be: (1) introducing a contrast. Use a natural form in your language for introducing a contrast. (2) indicating a transition. Alternate translation: [And]

Note 2 topic: grammar-connect-words-phrases

ὥσπερ

as

Here, the word just as introduces a comparison. Use a natural form in your language for introducing a comparison.

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

ὁ

the_‹one›

Here, the phrase the one refers to Abraham’s son Ishmael. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: [Ishmael, the one]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

τὸν

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ἀλλʼ ὥσπερ τότε ὁ κατά σάρκα γεννηθείς ἐδίωκε τόν κατά Πνεῦμα οὕτως καί νῦν)

Here, the phrase the one refers to Abraham’s son Isaac. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: [Isaac, the one]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / ellipsis

κατὰ Πνεῦμα

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ἀλλʼ ὥσπερ τότε ὁ κατά σάρκα γεννηθείς ἐδίωκε τόν κατά Πνεῦμα οὕτως καί νῦν)

Paul is leaving out some of the words that a sentence would need in many languages to be complete. If it would be helpful in your language, you could supply these words from the context. Alternate translation: [having been born according to Spirit]

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

κατὰ Πνεῦμα

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ἀλλʼ ὥσπερ τότε ὁ κατά σάρκα γεννηθείς ἐδίωκε τόν κατά Πνεῦμα οὕτως καί νῦν)

Here, according to Spirit means that Isaac’s birth came about because the Holy Spirit worked in a supernatural way in order to make it happen. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: [having been born because of the supernatural working of the Spirit] or [having been born by the miraculous working of the Spirit]

Note 7 topic: grammar-connect-words-phrases

οὕτως καὶ

thus (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ἀλλʼ ὥσπερ τότε ὁ κατά σάρκα γεννηθείς ἐδίωκε τόν κατά Πνεῦμα οὕτως καί νῦν)

The phrase so it also is introduces a comparison. Use a natural way in your language for introducing a comparison. Alternate translation: [so it is also the same]

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Greek word
    5. Greek lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. But
    2. but
    3. 2350
    4. S
    5. alla
    6. C-·······
    7. but
    8. but
    9. S
    10. Y58
    11. 127298
    1. as
    2. -
    3. 56180
    5. hōsper
    6. C-·······
    7. as
    8. as
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 127299
    1. then
    2. -
    3. 51190
    5. tote
    6. D-·······
    7. then
    8. then
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 127300
    1. the one
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. R-····NMS
    7. the ‹one›
    8. the ‹one›
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 127301
    1. having been born
    2. -
    3. 10800
    5. gennaō
    6. V-PAP·NMS
    7. ˓having_been˒ born
    8. ˓having_been˒ born
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 127304
    1. according to
    2. -
    3. 25960
    5. kata
    6. P-·······
    7. according_to
    8. according_to
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 127302
    1. flesh
    2. -
    3. 45610
    5. sarka
    6. N-····AFS
    7. flesh
    8. flesh
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 127303
    1. was persecuting
    2. persecuted
    3. 13770
    5. diōkō
    6. V-IIA3··S
    7. ˓was˒ persecuting
    8. ˓was˒ persecuting
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 127305
    1. the one
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. R-····AMS
    7. the ‹one›
    8. the ‹one›
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 127306
    1. according to
    2. -
    3. 25960
    5. kata
    6. P-·······
    7. according_to
    8. according_to
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 127307
    1. spirit
    2. spirit
    3. 41510
    4. GN
    5. pneuma
    6. N-····ANS
    7. spirit
    8. Spirit
    9. GN
    10. Y58; Person=Holy_Spirit
    11. 127308
    1. thus
    2. -
    3. 37790
    5. houtōs
    6. D-·······
    7. thus
    8. thus
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 127309
    1. also
    2. -
    3. 25320
    5. kai
    6. D-·······
    7. also
    8. also
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 127310
    1. it is now
    2. -
    3. 35680
    5. nun
    6. D-·······
    7. now ‹it_is›
    8. now ‹it_is›
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 127311

OET (OET-LV) But as then the one having_been_born according_to flesh, was_persecuting the one according_to spirit, thus also it_is now.

OET (OET-RV) but back then the one born because of human actions persecuted the one born because of the spirit, and that’s how it continues now.

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

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◄ ← GAL 4:29 ↑ → ► ║ ©