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OET interlinear GAL 4:28

◄ ← GAL 4:28 ↓ → ► ║ ©

SR Greek word order (including unused variant words in grey)

    1. Greek word
    2. Greek lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. ὑμεῖς
    2. su
    3. you all
    4. you
    5. 47710
    6. R···2N·P
    7. you_all
    8. you_all
    9. -
    10. Y58; R127291
    11. 127288
    1. ἡμεῖς
    2. egō
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 14730
    6. R···1N·P
    7. we
    8. we
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 127289
    1. Δέ
    2. de
    3. And
    4. and
    5. 11610
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. S
    10. Y58
    11. 127290
    1. ἀδελφοί
    2. adelfos
    3. brothers
    4. brothers sisters
    5. 800
    6. N····VMP
    7. brothers
    8. brothers
    9. -
    10. Y58; F127288
    11. 127291
    1. κατά
    2. kata
    3. as
    4. -
    5. 25960
    6. P·······
    7. as
    8. as
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 127292
    1. Ἰσαάκ
    2. isaak
    3. Isaʼak/(Yiʦḩāq)
    4. Isaac
    5. 24640
    6. N····AMS
    7. Isaʼak/(Yiʦḩāq)
    8. Isaac
    9. U
    10. Person=Isaac; Y58
    11. 127293
    1. ἐπαγγελίας
    2. epaŋgelia
    3. of promise
    4. promise
    5. 18600
    6. N····GFS
    7. ˱of˲ promise
    8. ˱of˲ promise
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 127294
    1. τέκνα
    2. teknon
    3. children
    4. children
    5. 50430
    6. N····NNP
    7. children
    8. children
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 127295
    1. ἐσμέν
    2. eimi
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 15100
    6. VIPA1··P
    7. are
    8. are
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 127296
    1. ἐστέ
    2. eimi
    3. are
    4. -
    5. 15100
    6. VIPA2··P
    7. are
    8. are
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 127297

OET (OET-LV) And you_all brothers, as Isaʼak/(Yiʦḩāq), are children of_promise.

OET (OET-RV) And you, brothers and sisters, are children of the promise, like Isaac,

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 4:21–31: Because the Galatians are spiritual sons of Abraham they are free from slavery

In this section, Paul explained why the Galatians should return to freedom and reject the teaching of the false teachers. He contrasted two sons of Abraham: the son of the slave woman and the son of the free woman. The son of the slave woman represented slavery to the law. The son of the free woman represented the freedom of living in the grace of Christ. Living in slavery to the law is in conflict with living in the grace of Christ. Those who live in the grace of Christ must reject slavery to the law.

Some possible headings for this section are:

Hagar and Sarah

The covenant of the promise is better than the covenant of the law

Choose grace, not the law

Paragraph 4:28–31

In this paragraph, Paul showed the Galatians how the allegory about the free woman and the slave woman applied to their situation.

4:28a

Now you, brothers,

Now: In this verse, Paul began to apply his allegory of the previous paragraph. Begin this verse in a way that shows that Paul is going to make an application. For example:

And so

So then

Here is the point

In some languages, you may not need to use a connecting word or phrase.

you, brothers: Paul used the pronoun you and the word brothers to directly address the Galatians. He wanted them to pay attention to what he was about to say.

Some ways to translate these words are:

you, my dear fellow believers

you, fellow believers in Christ

you, my dear friends

you: There is a textual issue here:

  1. Some Greek manuscripts have you. For example:

    you (GNT) (BSB, ESV, CEV, GW, NASB, NCV, NET, NIV, NJB, NLT, NRSV, REB, GNT)

  2. Other Greek manuscripts have we. For example:

    we (RSV) (JBP, KJV, RSV)

It is recommended that you follow option (1), with the majority of English versions.

4:28b

like Isaac, are children of promise.

like Isaac: Isaac was the name of the son of Abraham and Sarah, the free woman whom Paul spoke of in 4:22–23. He was free. Paul compared the Galatian believers to Isaac.

Some ways to translate this phrase are:

just like Isaac, the son of the free woman

in the same way as Isaac

are children of promise: Isaac was born because of God’s promise to give Abraham a son. In the same way, the Gentiles have been born spiritually because of God’s promise to bless all nations through Abraham. The Gentiles are Abraham’s spiritual children. They are free.

Some other ways to translate this clause are:

are counted as Abraham’s children because of God’s promise

you have become Abraham’s children because of the promise that God made

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: grammar-connect-words-phrases

δέ

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: ὑμεῖς Δέ ἀδελφοί κατά Ἰσαάκ ἐπαγγελίας τέκνα ἐστέ)

Here, Paul uses the word Now to indicate that what he writes next is connected to what he wrote immediately before this and that he is continuing his line of thought. Use a natural form in your language to indicate that what follows is in continuity with what precedes it. Alternate translation: [And]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / simile

ὑμεῖς & ἀδελφοί, κατὰ Ἰσαὰκ, ἐπαγγελίας τέκνα ἐστέ

you_all & brothers (Some words not found in SR-GNT: ὑμεῖς Δέ ἀδελφοί κατά Ἰσαάκ ἐπαγγελίας τέκνα ἐστέ)

The point of this comparison is that the Galatian believers (who are referred to as brothers) are like Isaac because both Isaac and the Galatians are children of promise, meaning that they both owe their birth to God’s supernatural working. Isaac’s physical birth came about as a result of God’s supernatural intervention, and the Galatian believers spiritual birth came about as a result of God’s supernatural intervention. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent comparison or express this meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [my fellow believers, you are similar to Isaac in that God miraculously intervened for both you and him in order to fulfill his promise to Abraham]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / yousingular

ὑμεῖς

you_all

Here, the pronoun you is plural. Your language may require you to mark such forms.

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / gendernotations

ἀδελφοί

brothers

See how you translated the word brothers in [1:2](../01/02.md) where it is used with the same meaning. Alternate translation: [brothers and sisters]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

ἐπαγγελίας τέκνα

˱of˲_promise children

Here, children could be a metaphor which means that the Galatian believers are: (1) God’s spiritual descendants. If it would help your readers, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [God’s spiritual descendants] or [God’s children] (2) Abraham’s spiritual descendants. If it would help your readers, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [Abraham’s spiritual descendants] or [Abraham’s children]

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / possession

ἐπαγγελίας τέκνα

˱of˲_promise children

Paul is using the possessive form to describe the source of these children. He means that the children are the children or descendants which God promised to supernaturally give to Abraham, and therefore they are children whose source derives from God fulfillment of his promise to Abraham. If it would be helpful in your language, you could clarify the relationship for your readers. Alternate translation: [children of God’s promise] or [children of God’s promise to Abraham]

TSN Tyndale Study Notes:

4:21-31 Paul now returns to arguing from Scripture, using the contrast between Hagar and Sarah and between their children. Paul argues for a similar contrast between those who are slaves under the law and those who are free in Christ.
• Paul’s argument uses the allegorical techniques of rabbinic Judaism (see study note on 4:24). Having been trained as a rabbi (Acts 22:3), Paul could out-argue the Judaizers using their own methods.

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Greek word
    5. Greek lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. And
    2. and
    3. 11610
    4. S
    5. de
    6. C-·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. S
    10. Y58
    11. 127290
    1. you all
    2. you
    3. 47710
    5. su
    6. R-···2N·P
    7. you_all
    8. you_all
    9. -
    10. Y58; R127291
    11. 127288
    1. brothers
    2. brothers sisters
    3. 800
    5. adelfos
    6. N-····VMP
    7. brothers
    8. brothers
    9. -
    10. Y58; F127288
    11. 127291
    1. as
    2. -
    3. 25960
    5. kata
    6. P-·······
    7. as
    8. as
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 127292
    1. Isaʼak/(Yiʦḩāq)
    2. Isaac
    3. 24640
    4. U
    5. isaak
    6. N-····AMS
    7. Isaʼak/(Yiʦḩāq)
    8. Isaac
    9. U
    10. Person=Isaac; Y58
    11. 127293
    1. are
    2. -
    3. 15100
    5. eimi
    6. V-IPA2··P
    7. are
    8. are
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 127297
    1. children
    2. children
    3. 50430
    5. teknon
    6. N-····NNP
    7. children
    8. children
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 127295
    1. of promise
    2. promise
    3. 18600
    5. epaŋgelia
    6. N-····GFS
    7. ˱of˲ promise
    8. ˱of˲ promise
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 127294

OET (OET-LV) And you_all brothers, as Isaʼak/(Yiʦḩāq), are children of_promise.

OET (OET-RV) And you, brothers and sisters, are children of the promise, like Isaac,

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

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◄ ← GAL 4:28 ↑ → ► ║ ©