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OET interlinear GAL 4:15

◄ ← GAL 4:15 ↓ → ► ║ ©

SR Greek word order (including unused variant words in grey)

    1. Greek word
    2. Greek lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. τίς
    2. tis
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 51010
    6. R····NMS
    7. what
    8. what
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 127079
    1. ποῦ
    2. pou
    3. where
    4. where
    5. 42260
    6. D·······
    7. where
    8. where
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 127080
    1. Οὖν
    2. oun
    3. Therefore is
    4. So
    5. 37670
    6. C·······
    7. therefore ‹is›
    8. therefore ‹is›
    9. S
    10. Y58
    11. 127081
    1. ἦν
    2. eimi
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 15100
    6. VIIA3··S
    7. was
    8. was
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 127082
    1. ὁ
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····NMS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 127083
    1. μακαρισμός
    2. makarismos
    3. blessing
    4. -
    5. 31080
    6. N····NMS
    7. blessing
    8. blessing
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 127084
    1. ὑμῶν
    2. su
    3. of you all
    4. -
    5. 47710
    6. R···2G·P
    7. ˱of˲ you_all
    8. ˱of˲ you_all
    9. -
    10. Y58; R127039
    11. 127085
    1. μαρτυρῶ
    2. martureō
    3. I am testifying
    4. -
    5. 31400
    6. VIPA1··S
    7. ˱I˲ ˓am˒ testifying
    8. ˱I˲ ˓am˒ testifying
    9. -
    10. Y58; R125554; Person=Paul
    11. 127086
    1. Γάρ
    2. gar
    3. For/Because
    4. -
    5. 10630
    6. C·······
    7. for
    8. for
    9. S
    10. Y58
    11. 127087
    1. ὑμῖν
    2. su
    3. to you all
    4. -
    5. 47710
    6. R···2D·P
    7. ˱to˲ you_all
    8. ˱to˲ you_all
    9. -
    10. Y58; R127039
    11. 127088
    1. ὅτι
    2. hoti
    3. that
    4. -
    5. 37540
    6. C·······
    7. that
    8. that
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 127089
    1. εἰ
    2. ei
    3. if
    4. -
    5. 14870
    6. C·······
    7. if
    8. if
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 127090
    1. δυνατόν
    2. dunatos
    3. possible
    4. -
    5. 14150
    6. S····NNS
    7. possible
    8. possible
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 127091
    1. τούς
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····AMP
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 127092
    1. ὀφθαλμούς
    2. ofthalmos
    3. eyes
    4. eyes
    5. 37880
    6. N····AMP
    7. eyes
    8. eyes
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 127093
    1. ὑμῶν
    2. su
    3. of you all
    4. -
    5. 47710
    6. R···2G·P
    7. ˱of˲ you_all
    8. ˱of˲ you_all
    9. -
    10. Y58; R127039
    11. 127094
    1. ἐξορύξαντες
    2. exorussō
    3. having dug out
    4. dug
    5. 18460
    6. VPAA·NMP
    7. ˓having˒ dug_out
    8. ˓having˒ dug_out
    9. -
    10. Y58; R127039
    11. 127095
    1. ἐξὀρύξατε
    2. exorussō
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 18460
    6. VIAA2··P
    7. ˱you_all˲ dug_out
    8. ˱you_all˲ dug_out
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 127096
    1. ἄν
    2. an
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 3020
    6. T·······
    7. would
    8. would
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 127097
    1. ἐδώκατε
    2. didōmi
    3. you all gave them
    4. -
    5. 13250
    6. VIAA2··P
    7. ˱you_all˲ gave ‹them›
    8. ˱you_all˲ gave ‹them›
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 127098
    1. μοί
    2. egō
    3. to me
    4. -
    5. 14730
    6. R···1D·S
    7. ˱to˲ me
    8. ˱to˲ me
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 127099

OET (OET-LV) Therefore is where the blessing of_you_all?
For/Because I_am_testifying to_you_all that if possible the eyes of_you_all having_dug_out, you_all_gave them to_me.

OET (OET-RV) So where are your generous attitudes now? I know that back then, you would have almost dug your own eyes out to give them to me.

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 4:8–20: Paul begged the Galatians not to turn away from the true gospel

In this section, Paul again rebuked the Galatians for turning to the law and turning away from the true gospel. He begged them to change their thinking and their actions. He said that turning to the law put them back into the slavery that they were in before they knew Christ. He equated obeying the law with paganism. This is a startling and shocking comparison.

Paul appealed to the Galatians on the basis of the emotional bond between him and them. He reminded them of how that bond had developed and that it had resulted in their full acceptance of the true gospel. But now their turning away from the true gospel had perplexed him. He said that they were now like enemies because they followed the false teachers and had turned away from the true gospel.

But the false teachers were the real enemies. For selfish reasons, they taught the Galatians to add something to their faith. They taught them to obey the law. They were not working for the good of the Galatians.

Some possible headings for this section are:

The folly of turning to the law

Paul’s concern for the Galatians

4:15a

What then has become of your blessing?

What then has become of your blessing?: The Greek conjunction that the BSB translates as then introduces a conclusion in the form of a rhetorical question. This conclusion is based on some implied information. The following chart shows the implied information:

4:14c–d

You joyfully received me

implied

but now you would not do that

4:15a

So, you have lost your joy. What has become of it?

Some English versions do not translate this conjunction. For example:

What has happened to all your joy? (NIV)

In some languages, it will not be necessary to translate this conjunction either. Connect 4:15a to 4:14d in a way that is natural in your language.

What…has become of your blessing?: This is a rhetorical question. Paul used this rhetorical question to encourage the Galatians to think about their present situation. They had been joyful when they first heard the gospel, but their joy had disappeared.

Some ways to translate this question are:

In some languages, it is more natural to put this rhetorical question after 4:15c. See the General Comment below under 4:15c for examples.

blessing: The Greek word that the BSB translates as blessing refers to the state of well-being that results from having a right relationship with God.

Some other ways to translate this word are:

joy (NIV)

happiness (NET)

See bless, Meaning 2 in the Glossary for more information.

4:15b

For I can testify that, if it were possible,

For: The Greek conjunction that the BSB translates as For introduces some more information. It is background information about the joy/blessedness that the Galatians felt when Paul first preached to them.

Another way to show what 4:15b is talking about is to put it before 4:15a. See the General Comment below under 4:15c for an example.

I can testify that: The Greek verb that the BSB translates as I can testify means “I am a witness.” Paul used it to introduce a statement that demonstrates the joy and love that the Galatians had for him.

Some other ways to translate this verb are:

I am a witness that

I know (NLT96)

I am sure that (CEV)

4:15c

you would have torn out your eyes and given them to me.

you would have torn out your eyes and given them to me: The clause torn out your eyes means “removed your eyes” or “taken out your eyes.” Paul used this expression to refer to the extreme acts that the Galatians would have done to provide for his needs. They would have sacrificed anything, even giving him their own eyes, if it could have helped him. Paul used this expression to remind the Galatians of the deep love they had for him.A few commentators say that this clause indicates that Paul’s physical problem was an eye disease. This is not an issue for the translator to decide. The translation should remain neutral on this issue.

Some other ways to translate this clause are:

you would have pulled out your eyes and given them to me (NET)

you would have taken out your own eyes and given them to me to show how much you loved me

General Comment on 4:14–15

In some languages, 4:15 will better connect to 4:14 if 4:15a is put after 4:15b–c. For example:

14byou did not scorn or despise me, 14cbut you received me as if I were an angel of God, 14dYou received me as if I were Christ Jesus. 15bI testify to you that, if possible, 15cyou would have gouged out your eyes and given them to me. 15aWhat then has become of the joy you felt?

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / rquestion

ποῦ οὖν ὁ μακαρισμὸς ὑμῶν

where (Some words not found in SR-GNT: ποῦ Οὖν ὁ μακαρισμός ὑμῶν μαρτυρῶ Γάρ ὑμῖν ὅτι εἰ δυνατόν τούς ὀφθαλμούς ὑμῶν ἐξορύξαντες ἐδώκατε μοί)

Paul is not asking for information, but is using the question form in order to express his disappointment to the Galatian believers and to cause them to think about what he is saying. If you would not use a rhetorical question for this purpose in your language, you could translate his words as a statement or an exclamation and communicate the emphasis in another way.

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

μακαρισμὸς

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: ποῦ Οὖν ὁ μακαρισμός ὑμῶν μαρτυρῶ Γάρ ὑμῖν ὅτι εἰ δυνατόν τούς ὀφθαλμούς ὑμῶν ἐξορύξαντες ἐδώκατε μοί)

If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of blessing, you could express the meaning in some other way that is natural in your language.

Note 3 topic: grammar-connect-words-phrases

γὰρ

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: ποῦ Οὖν ὁ μακαρισμός ὑμῶν μαρτυρῶ Γάρ ὑμῖν ὅτι εἰ δυνατόν τούς ὀφθαλμούς ὑμῶν ἐξορύξαντες ἐδώκατε μοί)

Here, the word For introduces information which proves how the Galatians had previously felt about Paul. Use a natural form in your language for introducing this material.

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / hypo

εἰ δυνατὸν τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς ὑμῶν ἐξορύξαντες, ἐδώκατέ μοι

if (Some words not found in SR-GNT: ποῦ Οὖν ὁ μακαρισμός ὑμῶν μαρτυρῶ Γάρ ὑμῖν ὅτι εἰ δυνατόν τούς ὀφθαλμούς ὑμῶν ἐξορύξαντες ἐδώκατε μοί)

Paul is using a hypothetical situation to help his readers remember the way that they formerly felt and thought about Paul. Use the natural form in your language for expressing a hypothetical situation. Alternate translation: [if it were possible that you could have torn out your eyes and then given them to me, you would have done so]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / ellipsis

εἰ δυνατὸν

if (Some words not found in SR-GNT: ποῦ Οὖν ὁ μακαρισμός ὑμῶν μαρτυρῶ Γάρ ὑμῖν ὅτι εἰ δυνατόν τούς ὀφθαλμούς ὑμῶν ἐξορύξαντες ἐδώκατε μοί)

Paul is leaving out some of the words that a sentence would need in many languages to be complete. If it would be helpful in your language, you could supply these words from the context. Alternate translation: [if it were possible for you to do so]

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

εἰ δυνατὸν τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς ὑμῶν ἐξορύξαντες, ἐδώκατέ μοι

if (Some words not found in SR-GNT: ποῦ Οὖν ὁ μακαρισμός ὑμῶν μαρτυρῶ Γάρ ὑμῖν ὅτι εἰ δυνατόν τούς ὀφθαλμούς ὑμῶν ἐξορύξαντες ἐδώκατε μοί)

The phrase having torn out your eyes, you would have given them to me could: (1) be an idiom indicating the great love and devotion which the Galatians formerly had for Paul. In Paul’s time the eyes were considered a person’s most precious possession, so if it were possible for a person to take out their eyes and give them to another person, this would indicate great love. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent idiom or use plain language. Alternate translation: [you formerly loved me very much and would have given me your most valued possession to show me your love] (2) indicate that Paul had some type of eye disease.

TSN Tyndale Study Notes:

4:15 The Galatians had been joyful and grateful in response to Paul’s preaching of the Good News.
• your own eyes: Some conclude from this phrase that Paul’s eyes were diseased, but Paul might have been using eyes as a word-picture of a precious asset (cp. Deut 32:10; Ps 17:8; Matt 18:9). In their gratitude to Paul for the message of good news, the Galatians would have . . . given him their most valuable possession.

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Greek word
    5. Greek lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. Therefore is
    2. So
    3. 37670
    4. S
    5. oun
    6. C-·······
    7. therefore ‹is›
    8. therefore ‹is›
    9. S
    10. Y58
    11. 127081
    1. where
    2. where
    3. 42260
    5. pou
    6. D-·······
    7. where
    8. where
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 127080
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····NMS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 127083
    1. blessing
    2. -
    3. 31080
    5. makarismos
    6. N-····NMS
    7. blessing
    8. blessing
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 127084
    1. of you all
    2. -
    3. 47710
    5. su
    6. R-···2G·P
    7. ˱of˲ you_all
    8. ˱of˲ you_all
    9. -
    10. Y58; R127039
    11. 127085
    1. For/Because
    2. -
    3. 10630
    4. S
    5. gar
    6. C-·······
    7. for
    8. for
    9. S
    10. Y58
    11. 127087
    1. I am testifying
    2. -
    3. 31400
    5. martureō
    6. V-IPA1··S
    7. ˱I˲ ˓am˒ testifying
    8. ˱I˲ ˓am˒ testifying
    9. -
    10. Y58; R125554; Person=Paul
    11. 127086
    1. to you all
    2. -
    3. 47710
    5. su
    6. R-···2D·P
    7. ˱to˲ you_all
    8. ˱to˲ you_all
    9. -
    10. Y58; R127039
    11. 127088
    1. that
    2. -
    3. 37540
    5. hoti
    6. C-·······
    7. that
    8. that
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 127089
    1. if
    2. -
    3. 14870
    5. ei
    6. C-·······
    7. if
    8. if
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 127090
    1. possible
    2. -
    3. 14150
    5. dunatos
    6. S-····NNS
    7. possible
    8. possible
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 127091
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····AMP
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 127092
    1. eyes
    2. eyes
    3. 37880
    5. ofthalmos
    6. N-····AMP
    7. eyes
    8. eyes
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 127093
    1. of you all
    2. -
    3. 47710
    5. su
    6. R-···2G·P
    7. ˱of˲ you_all
    8. ˱of˲ you_all
    9. -
    10. Y58; R127039
    11. 127094
    1. having dug out
    2. dug
    3. 18460
    5. exorussō
    6. V-PAA·NMP
    7. ˓having˒ dug_out
    8. ˓having˒ dug_out
    9. -
    10. Y58; R127039
    11. 127095
    1. you all gave them
    2. -
    3. 13250
    5. didōmi
    6. V-IAA2··P
    7. ˱you_all˲ gave ‹them›
    8. ˱you_all˲ gave ‹them›
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 127098
    1. to me
    2. -
    3. 14730
    5. egō
    6. R-···1D·S
    7. ˱to˲ me
    8. ˱to˲ me
    9. -
    10. Y58
    11. 127099

OET (OET-LV) Therefore is where the blessing of_you_all?
For/Because I_am_testifying to_you_all that if possible the eyes of_you_all having_dug_out, you_all_gave them to_me.

OET (OET-RV) So where are your generous attitudes now? I know that back then, you would have almost dug your own eyes out to give them to me.

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

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◄ ← GAL 4:15 ↑ → ► ║ ©