OET interlinear GAL 4:13

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: grammar-connect-time-background

δὲ

but

Paul is using the word Now to introduce background information. Use a natural way in your language for introducing background information. Alternate translation: “And”

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / yousingular

οἴδατε & ὑμῖν

˱you_all˲_/have/_known & ˱to˲_you_all

In this verse both occurrences of the word you are plural and refer to the Galatian believers. Your language may require you to mark such forms.

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / extrainfo

δι’ ἀσθένειαν τῆς σαρκὸς, εὐηγγελισάμην ὑμῖν

because_of weakness ˱of˲_the flesh ˱I˲_gospel_preached ˱to˲_you_all

Here, Paul states that it was a physical illness that previously caused him to proclaim the gospel to Galatians. This could mean that: (1) Paul was already in Galatia when illness caused him to remain there to recover, which gave him time and opportunity to proclaim the gospel to the Galatians. (2) because of a physical illness, Paul went to Galatia to recover from his sickness. While there, he proclaimed the gospel to the Galatians. Because Paul does not explicitly state what provided the opportunity for him to preach the gospel, you should not further explain what Paul says here about his sickness but, rather, you should use a general expression.

Note 4 topic: grammar-connect-logic-result

δι’

because_of

Here, Paul is using the phrase because to introduce the reason that he proclaimed the gospel to the Galatians previously, which was because he had to stay in Galatia due to illness. Use a natural form in your language for introducing a reason-result clause. Here, the reason is a weakness of the flesh and the result is that Paul proclaimed the gospel to the Galatians. Alternate translation: “on account of”

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

ἀσθένειαν τῆς σαρκὸς

weakness ˱of˲_the flesh

If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of weakness, you could express the same idea with an adjective such as “weak,” or you could express the meaning in some other way that is natural in your language.

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / synecdoche

τῆς σαρκὸς

˱of˲_the flesh

Here, Paul uses the word flesh, which is one part of his body, to refer to his entire body. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your culture or use plain language. See how you translated the phrase the flesh in 2:20 where it is used with the same meaning. Alternate translation: “of the body” or “of my body”