GAL 4:10 Interlinear View

1. Greek word
2. Greek lemma
3. OET-LV words
4. OET-RV words
5. Strongs
6. Role/Morphology
7. OET Gloss
8. VLT Gloss
9. CAPS codes
10. Confidence
11. OET tags
12. OET word #
1. ἡμέρας
2. hēmera
3. days
4. -
5. 22500
6. N····AFP
7. days
8. days
9. -
10. Y58
11. 127014
1. Παρατηρεῖσθε
2. paratēreō
3. You all are observing
4. observe
5. 39060
6. VIPM2··P
7. ˱you_all˲ ˓are˒ observing
8. ˱you_all˲ ˓are˒ observing
9. S
10. Y58
11. 127015
1. Παρατηροῦντες
2. paratēreō
3. -
4. -
5. 39060
6. VPPA·NMP
7. observing
8. observing
9. S
10. -
11. 127016
1. καί
2. kai
3. and
4. -
5. 25320
6. C·······
7. and
8. and
9. -
10. Y58
11. 127017
1. μῆνας
2. mēn
3. months
4. months
5. 33760
6. N····AMP
7. months
8. months
9. -
10. Y58
11. 127018
1. καί
2. kai
3. and
4. -
5. 25320
6. C·······
7. and
8. and
9. -
10. Y58
11. 127019
1. καιρούς
2. kairos
3. seasons
4. seasons
5. 25400
6. N····AMP
7. seasons
8. seasons
9. -
10. Y58
11. 127020
1. καί
2. kai
3. and
4. -
5. 25320
6. C·······
7. and
8. and
9. -
10. Y58
11. 127021
1. ἐνιαυτούς
2. eniautos
3. years
4. years
5. 17630
6. N····AMP
7. years
8. years
9. -
10. Y58
11. 127022

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 4:8–20: Paul begged the Galatians not to turn away from the true gospel

In this section, Paul again rebuked the Galatians for turning to the law and turning away from the true gospel. He begged them to change their thinking and their actions. He said that turning to the law put them back into the slavery that they were in before they knew Christ. He equated obeying the law with paganism. This is a startling and shocking comparison.

Paul appealed to the Galatians on the basis of the emotional bond between him and them. He reminded them of how that bond had developed and that it had resulted in their full acceptance of the true gospel. But now their turning away from the true gospel had perplexed him. He said that they were now like enemies because they followed the false teachers and had turned away from the true gospel.

But the false teachers were the real enemies. For selfish reasons, they taught the Galatians to add something to their faith. They taught them to obey the law. They were not working for the good of the Galatians.

Some possible headings for this section are:

The folly of turning to the law

Paul’s concern for the Galatians

Paragraph 4:8–11

In Greek this paragraph begins with a conjunction that introduces a contrast. The contrast is between the Galatians’ position as adopted sons in the family of God and their pre-Christian past. Some ways to begin this paragraph are:

But

However, (NASB)

Many English versions, including the BSB, do not translate this conjunction. In some languages, it will not be necessary to translate it either.

4:10

You are observing special days and months and seasons and years!

You^(plur) celebrate Jewish festivals such as special days, months, seasons, and years!
When you observe special Jewish days, months, seasons, and years, then you are becoming slaves again!

You are observing special days and months and seasons and years: This clause tells how the Galatians were enslaving themselves. They were celebrating festivals in the Jewish calendar as a way to be made right with God.

The word days probably refers to keeping the Sabbath. The word months could refer to the monthly new moon celebration. The word seasons could refer to the various Jewish festivals throughout the year such as Passover. The word years may refer to the sabbatical years or the year of Jubilee.

Some ways to translate this clause are:

You are celebrating the Jewish festivals, which include the days, the months, the seasons, and the years, as if you could earn your salvation by doing this!

When you observe Jewish festivals, the days, the months, the season, and the years, then you are becoming slaves again!

Why do you observe days, months, seasons, and years commanded by the law?

When the Galatians started to follow the law of Moses in order to be made right with God, they were required to celebrate these festivals. Paul confronted the Galatians with the foolishness of what they were doing.

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

παρατηρεῖσθε

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: ἡμέρας Παρατηρεῖσθε καί μῆνας καί καιρούς καί ἐνιαυτούς)

Here, the word observe refers to observing something for religious purposes in order to gain God’s favor and approval. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: [For religious purposes you observe]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / yousingular

παρατηρεῖσθε

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: ἡμέρας Παρατηρεῖσθε καί μῆνας καί καιρούς καί ἐνιαυτούς)

The word You is plural here and refers to the Galatian believers. Your language may require you to mark such forms.

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

ἡμέρας & καὶ μῆνας, καὶ καιροὺς, καὶ ἐνιαυτούς

days & (Some words not found in SR-GNT: ἡμέρας Παρατηρεῖσθε καί μῆνας καί καιρούς καί ἐνιαυτούς)

Paul is describing the different Jewish celebrations and religious observances required in the law of Moses by associating them with the times when they took place. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use plain language. Alternate translation: [the Jewish Sabbath days and other days prescribed in the law of Moses. You also observe the monthly Jewish celebrations and annual Jewish festivals as well the Jewish sacred years]

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

1. OET-LV words
2. OET-RV words
3. Strongs
4. Greek word
5. Greek lemma
6. Role/Morphology
7. OET Gloss
8. VLT Gloss
9. CAPS codes
10. Confidence
11. OET tags
12. OET word #
1. You all are observing
2. observe
3. 39060
4. S
5. paratēreō
6. V-IPM2··P
7. ˱you_all˲ ˓are˒ observing
8. ˱you_all˲ ˓are˒ observing
9. S
10. Y58
11. 127015
1. days
2. -
3. 22500
5. hēmera
6. N-····AFP
7. days
8. days
9. -
10. Y58
11. 127014
1. and
2. -
3. 25320
5. kai
6. C-·······
7. and
8. and
9. -
10. Y58
11. 127017
1. months
2. months
3. 33760
5. mēn
6. N-····AMP
7. months
8. months
9. -
10. Y58
11. 127018
1. and
2. -
3. 25320
5. kai
6. C-·······
7. and
8. and
9. -
10. Y58
11. 127019
1. seasons
2. seasons
3. 25400
5. kairos
6. N-····AMP
7. seasons
8. seasons
9. -
10. Y58
11. 127020
1. and
2. -
3. 25320
5. kai
6. C-·······
7. and
8. and
9. -
10. Y58
11. 127021
1. years
2. years
3. 17630
5. eniautos
6. N-····AMP
7. years
8. years
9. -
10. Y58
11. 127022

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

OET interlinear GAL 4:10

SR Greek word order (including unused variant words in grey)

Section 4:8–20: Paul begged the Galatians not to turn away from the true gospel

Paragraph 4:8–11

4:10

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)