GAL 4:16 Interlinear View

1. Greek word
2. Greek lemma
3. OET-LV words
4. OET-RV words
5. Strongs
6. Role/Morphology
7. OET Gloss
8. VLT Gloss
9. CAPS codes
10. Confidence
11. OET tags
12. OET word #
1. Ὥστε
2. hōste
3. So as
4. -
5. 56200
6. C·······
7. so_as
8. so_as
9. S
10. Y58
11. 127100
1. ἐχθρός
2. eχthros
3. enemy
4. enemy
5. 21900
6. S····NMS
7. enemy
8. enemy
9. -
10. Y58
11. 127101
1. ὑμῶν
2. su
3. of you all
4. your
5. 47710
6. R···2G·P
7. ˱of˲ you_all
8. ˱of˲ you_all
9. -
10. Y58; R127039
11. 127102
1. γέγονα
2. ginomai
3. have I become
4. become
5. 10960
6. VIEA1··S
7. ˱I˲ ˓have˒ become
8. ˱I˲ ˓have˒ become
9. -
10. Y58; R125554; Person=Paul
11. 127103
1. ἀληθεύων
2. alētheuō
3. being truthful
4. truth
5. 2260
6. VPPA·NMS
7. being_truthful
8. being_truthful
9. -
10. Y58; R125554; Person=Paul
11. 127104
1. ὑμῖν
2. su
3. to you all
4. -
5. 47710
6. R···2D·P
7. ˱to˲ you_all
8. ˱to˲ you_all
9. -
10. Y58; R127039
11. 127105

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 4:8–20: Paul begged the Galatians not to turn away from the true gospel

In this section, Paul again rebuked the Galatians for turning to the law and turning away from the true gospel. He begged them to change their thinking and their actions. He said that turning to the law put them back into the slavery that they were in before they knew Christ. He equated obeying the law with paganism. This is a startling and shocking comparison.

Paul appealed to the Galatians on the basis of the emotional bond between him and them. He reminded them of how that bond had developed and that it had resulted in their full acceptance of the true gospel. But now their turning away from the true gospel had perplexed him. He said that they were now like enemies because they followed the false teachers and had turned away from the true gospel.

But the false teachers were the real enemies. For selfish reasons, they taught the Galatians to add something to their faith. They taught them to obey the law. They were not working for the good of the Galatians.

Some possible headings for this section are:

The folly of turning to the law

Paul’s concern for the Galatians

4:16

Have I now become your enemy by telling you the truth?

Can it be that I have become your enemy for telling you the truth? (GW)
So then, I am amazed that I have now become your^(plur) enemy because I told you the truth!

Have I now become your enemy by telling you the truth?: The Greek conjunction that the BSB translates as now introduces a conclusion in the form of a rhetorical question. This conclusion is based on 4:14–15. Another way to translate this conjunction is:

So then, have I become your enemy by telling you the truth? (NET)

Have I…become your enemy by telling you the truth?: This is a rhetorical question. Paul used this rhetorical question to show the Galatians his disappointment and disbelief. From the beginning, he had told them the truth, and they treated him as their friend. But when they later rejected the true gospel that he taught and turned to a false gospel, they rejected him and his message. So, in effect, they considered Paul to be their enemy.

Some ways to translate this are:

As a rhetorical question. For example:
Can it be that I have become your enemy for telling you the truth? (GW)
So you now consider me to be your enemy because of that same truth I told you then?
As a statement. For example:
I cannot believe that I have now become your enemy by telling that truth.

by telling you the truth: From the beginning, Paul had taught the true gospel to the Galatians. This was in contrast to the false teaching that they heard from the false teachers.

Some other ways to translate this phrase are:

by telling you the true gospel

because I spoke the truth to you

for telling you the truth

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: grammar-connect-logic-result

ὥστε

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ὥστε ἐχθρός ὑμῶν γέγονα ἀληθεύων ὑμῖν)

Paul is using the phrase So then to introduce a reason-result clause in which speaking truth to the Galatians is the reason, and them acting as if Paul was their enemy is the result. Use a natural way in your language for introducing a reason-result clause. Alternate translation: [Therefore] or [Therefore, as a result of] or [So then, as a result of]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / rquestion

ἐχθρὸς ὑμῶν γέγονα, ἀληθεύων ὑμῖν

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ὥστε ἐχθρός ὑμῶν γέγονα ἀληθεύων ὑμῖν)

The phrase speaking truth to you, have I become your enemy is a rhetorical question in which Paul is not asking for information, but is using the question form to show the Galatian believers his disappointment with them and cause them to think about what he is saying. If you would not use a rhetorical question for this purpose in your language, you could translate his words as a statement or an exclamation and communicate the emphasis in another way. Alternate translation: [as a result of my speaking the truth to you, you are acting as if I have become your enemy.]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

ἀληθεύων ὑμῖν

being_truthful ˱to˲_you_all

If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of truth, you could express the same idea with an adjective such as “true,” or you could express the meaning in some other way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: [by telling you things that are true] or [because I have told you what is true]

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

1. OET-LV words
2. OET-RV words
3. Strongs
4. Greek word
5. Greek lemma
6. Role/Morphology
7. OET Gloss
8. VLT Gloss
9. CAPS codes
10. Confidence
11. OET tags
12. OET word #
1. So as
2. -
3. 56200
4. S
5. hōste
6. C-·······
7. so_as
8. so_as
9. S
10. Y58
11. 127100
1. being truthful
2. truth
3. 2260
5. alētheuō
6. V-PPA·NMS
7. being_truthful
8. being_truthful
9. -
10. Y58; R125554; Person=Paul
11. 127104
1. to you all
2. -
3. 47710
5. su
6. R-···2D·P
7. ˱to˲ you_all
8. ˱to˲ you_all
9. -
10. Y58; R127039
11. 127105
1. have I become
2. become
3. 10960
5. ginomai
6. V-IEA1··S
7. ˱I˲ ˓have˒ become
8. ˱I˲ ˓have˒ become
9. -
10. Y58; R125554; Person=Paul
11. 127103
1. enemy
2. enemy
3. 21900
5. eχthros
6. S-····NMS
7. enemy
8. enemy
9. -
10. Y58
11. 127101
1. of you all
2. your
3. 47710
5. su
6. R-···2G·P
7. ˱of˲ you_all
8. ˱of˲ you_all
9. -
10. Y58; R127039
11. 127102

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

OET interlinear GAL 4:16

SR Greek word order

Section 4:8–20: Paul begged the Galatians not to turn away from the true gospel

4:16

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)