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1 Yhn 2 V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V10 V11 V12 V13 V14 V15 V16 V17 V18 V19 V20 V21 V22 V23 V24 V25 V26 V27 V28 V29

OET interlinear 1 YHN (1 JHN) 2:9

◄ ← 1 YHN (1 JHN) 2:9 ↓ → ► ║ ©

SR Greek word order (including unused variant words in grey)

    1. Greek word
    2. Greek lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. Ὁ
    2. ho
    3. The one
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. R····NMS
    7. the ‹one›
    8. the ‹one›
    9. S
    10. Y90
    11. 152164
    1. λέγων
    2. legō
    3. saying
    4. -
    5. 30040
    6. VPPA·NMS
    7. saying
    8. saying
    9. -
    10. Y90; F152169; F152173
    11. 152165
    1. ἐν
    2. en
    3. in
    4. -
    5. 17220
    6. P·······
    7. in
    8. in
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 152166
    1. τῷ
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····DNS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 152167
    1. φωτί
    2. fōs
    3. light
    4. light
    5. 54570
    6. N····DNS
    7. light
    8. light
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 152168
    1. εἶναι
    2. eimi
    3. to be
    4. -
    5. 15100
    6. VNPA····
    7. to_be
    8. to_be
    9. -
    10. Y90; R152165
    11. 152169
    1. καί
    2. kai
    3. and
    4. but
    5. 25320
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 152170
    1. τόν
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····AMS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 152171
    1. ἀδελφόν
    2. adelfos
    3. brother
    4. -
    5. 800
    6. N····AMS
    7. brother
    8. brother
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 152172
    1. αὐτοῦ
    2. autos
    3. of him
    4. -
    5. 8460
    6. R···3GMS
    7. ˱of˲ him
    8. ˱of˲ him
    9. -
    10. Y90; R152165
    11. 152173
    1. μισῶν
    2. miseō
    3. hating
    4. -
    5. 34040
    6. VPPA·NMS
    7. hating
    8. hating
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 152174
    1. ψεύστης
    2. pseustēs
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 55830
    6. N····NMS
    7. liar
    8. liar
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 152175
    1. ἐστίν
    2. eimi
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 15100
    6. VIPA3··S
    7. is
    8. is
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 152176
    1. καί
    2. kai
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 25320
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 152177
    1. ἐν
    2. en
    3. in
    4. -
    5. 17220
    6. P·······
    7. in
    8. in
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 152178
    1. τῇ
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····DFS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 152179
    1. σκοτίᾳ
    2. skotia
    3. darkness
    4. darkness
    5. 46530
    6. N····DFS
    7. darkness
    8. darkness
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 152180
    1. ἐστίν
    2. eimi
    3. is
    4. -
    5. 15100
    6. VIPA3··S
    7. is
    8. is
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 152181
    1. ἕως
    2. heōs
    3. until
    4. -
    5. 21930
    6. P·······
    7. until
    8. until
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 152182
    1. ἄρτι
    2. arti
    3. now
    4. -
    5. 7370
    6. D·······
    7. now
    8. now
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 152183

OET (OET-LV) The one saying to_be in the light, and hating the brother of_him, is in the darkness until now.

OET (OET-RV) Anyone who says they’re in the light but hates a fellow believer,[fn] is still in the darkness.

2:9 Literally ‘our brothers’. In this letter that term could refer to ‘siblings’, ‘fellow believers’, or ‘fellow citizens’ (or Yohan could be alternating between two or three of them in his mind as he wrote). After considering all the uses of the term in chapters 2–5, we have taken ‘fellow believers’ as being more likely, i.e., the context would often seem to be focussing on believers (even though most of us would want to apply 3:16–17 to also include ‘fellow citizens’).

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 1:5–2:27: Live pure lives and remain united with God

Read 1:5–2:27 carefully.

Section Theme: In this section John is appealing to his readers to live morally pure lives and to remain united with God. He gives the following reasons for this:

1:5–2:2

God has made it possible for us to be morally pure just as he is.

2:3–11

We ought to love our fellow Christians as Christ did.

2:12–27

The readers ought not to love the non-Christian world but they should live according to the truth that God has shown to them.

Paragraph 2:7–11

Read 2:7–11 in both BSB and GNT. Compare the two versions.

Paragraph Theme: These verses show which of God’s commands John particularly wanted his readers to obey, namely the command to love our fellow Christians. If we obey that command we are living according to the truth and purity of God’s nature, which John calls “the light”.

2:9a

If anyone claims to be in the light

in the light: (Meaning) This is the same phrase as in 1:7. It refers to living and behaving in a good and pure way as God does.

2:9b

but hates his brother,

hates: (Multiple Senses) This is the opposite of “loves” in 2:10. It refers to the way one person behaves towards another person, not just to the feelings he has about that person.

brother: (Multiple Senses) This has the sense here of “fellow Christian.”

2:9c

he is still in the darkness.

still: (Emphasis) John is emphasizing that such a person is not sinning only in hating his brother. If a person hates his brother, it shows that he has always been in the darkness and has not yet come out of it.

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / hypo

ὁ λέγων ἐν τῷ φωτὶ εἶναι, καὶ τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ μισῶν, ἐν τῇ σκοτίᾳ ἐστὶν ἕως ἄρτι

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ὁ λέγων ἐν τῷ φωτί εἶναι καί τόν ἀδελφόν αὐτοῦ μισῶν ἐν τῇ σκοτίᾳ ἐστίν ἕως ἄρτι)

John is suggesting a further hypothetical situation in order to challenge his readers. Alternate translation: [Suppose someone says that he is in the light, but he hates his brother. That person is actually still in the darkness.]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

ἐν τῷ φωτὶ εἶναι

in the in (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ὁ λέγων ἐν τῷ φωτί εἶναι καί τόν ἀδελφόν αὐτοῦ μισῶν ἐν τῇ σκοτίᾳ ἐστίν ἕως ἄρτι)

As in [1:5](../01/05.md) and [2:8](../02/08.md), John is using the word light to mean what is holy, right, and good. Alternate translation: [he does what is right]

Note 3 topic: grammar-connect-logic-contrast

καὶ

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ὁ λέγων ἐν τῷ φωτί εἶναι καί τόν ἀδελφόν αὐτοῦ μισῶν ἐν τῇ σκοτίᾳ ἐστίν ἕως ἄρτι)

John is using the word and here to introduce a contrast between what such a person might say and what his conduct actually indicates to be true. Alternate translation: [but]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ὁ λέγων ἐν τῷ φωτί εἶναι καί τόν ἀδελφόν αὐτοῦ μισῶν ἐν τῇ σκοτίᾳ ἐστίν ἕως ἄρτι)

John is using the term brother to mean someone who shares the same faith. Alternate translation: [a fellow believer]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / gendernotations

τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ὁ λέγων ἐν τῷ φωτί εἶναι καί τόν ἀδελφόν αὐτοῦ μισῶν ἐν τῇ σκοτίᾳ ἐστίν ἕως ἄρτι)

Although the term brother is masculine, John is using the word in a generic sense that includes both men and women. Alternate translation: [a fellow believer]

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / genericnoun

τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ὁ λέγων ἐν τῷ φωτί εἶναι καί τόν ἀδελφόν αὐτοῦ μισῶν ἐν τῇ σκοτίᾳ ἐστίν ἕως ἄρτι)

The phrase his brother represents any fellow believer in general, not one particular fellow believer. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural expression. See the UST.

Note 7 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

ἐν τῇ σκοτίᾳ ἐστὶν

in in the darkness (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ὁ λέγων ἐν τῷ φωτί εἶναι καί τόν ἀδελφόν αὐτοῦ μισῶν ἐν τῇ σκοτίᾳ ἐστίν ἕως ἄρτι)

As in [1:5](../01/05.md), John is using the word darkness to mean what is wrong or evil. Alternate translation: [is doing what is wrong]

TSN Tyndale Study Notes:

2:9 a fellow believer: Literally his brother. The Greek word adelphos (also in 2:11) is a generic term often used to refer to both male and female members of the same family.

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Greek word
    5. Greek lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. The one
    2. -
    3. 35880
    4. S
    5. ho
    6. R-····NMS
    7. the ‹one›
    8. the ‹one›
    9. S
    10. Y90
    11. 152164
    1. saying
    2. -
    3. 30040
    5. legō
    6. V-PPA·NMS
    7. saying
    8. saying
    9. -
    10. Y90; F152169; F152173
    11. 152165
    1. to be
    2. -
    3. 15100
    5. eimi
    6. V-NPA····
    7. to_be
    8. to_be
    9. -
    10. Y90; R152165
    11. 152169
    1. in
    2. -
    3. 17220
    5. en
    6. P-·······
    7. in
    8. in
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 152166
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····DNS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 152167
    1. light
    2. light
    3. 54570
    5. fōs
    6. N-····DNS
    7. light
    8. light
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 152168
    1. and
    2. but
    3. 25320
    5. kai
    6. C-·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 152170
    1. hating
    2. -
    3. 34040
    5. miseō
    6. V-PPA·NMS
    7. hating
    8. hating
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 152174
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····AMS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 152171
    1. brother
    2. -
    3. 800
    5. adelfos
    6. N-····AMS
    7. brother
    8. brother
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 152172
    1. of him
    2. -
    3. 8460
    5. autos
    6. R-···3GMS
    7. ˱of˲ him
    8. ˱of˲ him
    9. -
    10. Y90; R152165
    11. 152173
    1. is
    2. -
    3. 15100
    5. eimi
    6. V-IPA3··S
    7. is
    8. is
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 152181
    1. in
    2. -
    3. 17220
    5. en
    6. P-·······
    7. in
    8. in
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 152178
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····DFS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 152179
    1. darkness
    2. darkness
    3. 46530
    5. skotia
    6. N-····DFS
    7. darkness
    8. darkness
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 152180
    1. until
    2. -
    3. 21930
    5. heōs
    6. P-·······
    7. until
    8. until
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 152182
    1. now
    2. -
    3. 7370
    5. arti
    6. D-·······
    7. now
    8. now
    9. -
    10. Y90
    11. 152183

OET (OET-LV) The one saying to_be in the light, and hating the brother of_him, is in the darkness until now.

OET (OET-RV) Anyone who says they’re in the light but hates a fellow believer,[fn] is still in the darkness.

2:9 Literally ‘our brothers’. In this letter that term could refer to ‘siblings’, ‘fellow believers’, or ‘fellow citizens’ (or Yohan could be alternating between two or three of them in his mind as he wrote). After considering all the uses of the term in chapters 2–5, we have taken ‘fellow believers’ as being more likely, i.e., the context would often seem to be focussing on believers (even though most of us would want to apply 3:16–17 to also include ‘fellow citizens’).

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

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◄ ← 1 YHN (1 JHN) 2:9 ↑ → ► ║ ©