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Joel C1 C2 C3

Joel 2 V1 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10 V11 V12 V13 V14 V15 V16 V17 V18 V19 V20 V21 V22 V23 V24 V25 V26 V27 V28 V29 V30 V31 V32

OET interlinear JOEL 2:2

◄ ← JOEL 2:2 ↓ → ► ║ ©

Hebrew word order

    1. Hebrew word
    2. Hebrew lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. יוֹם
    2. 524799
    3. A day of
    4. -
    5. 3117
    6. P-Ncmsc
    7. a_day_of
    8. S
    9. Y-800; TProphecies_of_Joel
    10. 366821
    1. חֹשֶׁךְ
    2. 524800
    3. darkness
    4. -
    5. 2822
    6. P-Ncmsa
    7. darkness
    8. -
    9. Y-800; TProphecies_of_Joel
    10. 366822
    1. וַ,אֲפֵלָה
    2. 524801,524802
    3. and gloom
    4. gloom
    5. 653
    6. P-C,Ncfsa
    7. and,gloom
    8. -
    9. Y-800; TProphecies_of_Joel
    10. 366823
    1. יוֹם
    2. 524803
    3. a day of
    4. -
    5. 3117
    6. P-Ncmsc
    7. a_day_of
    8. -
    9. Y-800; TProphecies_of_Joel
    10. 366824
    1. עָנָן
    2. 524804
    3. cloud
    4. clouds
    5. 6051
    6. P-Ncmsa
    7. cloud
    8. -
    9. Y-800; TProphecies_of_Joel
    10. 366825
    1. וַ,עֲרָפֶל
    2. 524805,524806
    3. and thick darkness
    4. thick
    5. 6205
    6. P-C,Ncmsa
    7. and,thick_darkness
    8. -
    9. Y-800; TProphecies_of_Joel
    10. 366826
    1. כְּ,שַׁחַר
    2. 524807,524808
    3. like dawn
    4. -
    5. 7837
    6. S-R,Ncmsa
    7. like,dawn
    8. -
    9. Y-800; TProphecies_of_Joel
    10. 366827
    1. פָּרֻשׂ
    2. 524809
    3. spread out
    4. spread
    5. 6566
    6. V-Vqsmsa
    7. spread_out
    8. -
    9. Y-800; TProphecies_of_Joel
    10. 366828
    1. עַל
    2. 524810
    3. over
    4. -
    6. S-R
    7. over
    8. -
    9. Y-800; TProphecies_of_Joel
    10. 366829
    2. 524811
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 366830
    1. הֶֽ,הָרִים
    2. 524812,524813
    3. the mountains
    4. mountains
    5. 2022
    6. S-Td,Ncmpa
    7. the,mountains
    8. -
    9. Y-800; TProphecies_of_Joel
    10. 366831
    1. עַם
    2. 524814
    3. a people
    4. -
    6. S-Ncmsa
    7. a_people
    8. -
    9. Y-800; TProphecies_of_Joel
    10. 366832
    1. רַב
    2. 524815
    3. numerous
    4. -
    6. S-Aamsa
    7. numerous
    8. -
    9. Y-800; TProphecies_of_Joel
    10. 366833
    1. וְ,עָצוּם
    2. 524816,524817
    3. and strong
    4. -
    5. 6099
    6. S-C,Aamsa
    7. and,strong
    8. -
    9. Y-800; TProphecies_of_Joel
    10. 366834
    1. כָּמֹ,הוּ
    2. 524818,524819
    3. like it
    4. -
    5. 3644
    6. S-R,Sp3ms
    7. like,it
    8. -
    9. Y-800; TProphecies_of_Joel
    10. 366835
    1. לֹא
    2. 524820
    3. not
    4. won't
    5. 3808
    6. S-Tn
    7. not
    8. -
    9. Y-800; TProphecies_of_Joel
    10. 366836
    1. נִהְיָה
    2. 524821
    3. it has occurred
    4. -
    5. 1961
    6. V-VNp3ms
    7. it_has_occurred
    8. -
    9. Y-800; TProphecies_of_Joel
    10. 366837
    1. מִן
    2. 524822
    3. since
    4. ≈since
    6. S-R
    7. since
    8. -
    9. Y-800; TProphecies_of_Joel
    10. 366838
    2. 524823
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 366839
    1. הָ,עוֹלָם
    2. 524824,524825
    3. the old
    4. -
    5. 5769
    6. S-Td,Ncmsa
    7. the,old
    8. -
    9. Y-800; TProphecies_of_Joel
    10. 366840
    1. וְ,אַֽחֲרָי,ו
    2. 524826,524827,524828
    3. and after it
    4. after
    6. S-C,R,Sp3ms
    7. and,after,it
    8. -
    9. Y-800; TProphecies_of_Joel
    10. 366841
    1. לֹא
    2. 524829
    3. not
    4. -
    5. 3808
    6. S-Tn
    7. not
    8. -
    9. Y-800; TProphecies_of_Joel
    10. 366842
    1. יוֹסֵף
    2. 524830
    3. it will repeat
    4. -
    5. 3254
    6. V-Vhi3ms
    7. it_will_repeat
    8. -
    9. Y-800; TProphecies_of_Joel
    10. 366843
    1. עַד
    2. 524831
    3. until
    4. -
    5. 5704
    6. S-R
    7. until
    8. -
    9. Y-800; TProphecies_of_Joel
    10. 366844
    2. 524832
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 366845
    1. שְׁנֵי
    2. 524833
    3. years of
    4. -
    5. 8141
    6. S-Acmdc
    7. years_of
    8. -
    9. Y-800; TProphecies_of_Joel
    10. 366846
    1. דּוֹר
    2. 524834
    3. a generation
    4. -
    5. 1755
    6. S-Ncmsa
    7. a_generation
    8. -
    9. Y-800; TProphecies_of_Joel
    10. 366847
    1. וָ,דוֹר
    2. 524835,524836
    3. and generation
    4. -
    5. 1755
    6. S-C,Ncmsa
    7. and,generation
    8. -
    9. Y-800; TProphecies_of_Joel
    10. 366848
    2. 524837
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-sof-pasuq
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 366849

OET (OET-LV) A_day_of darkness and_gloom a_day_of cloud and_thick_darkness like_dawn spread_out over the_mountains a_people numerous and_strong like_it not it_has_occurred since the_old and_after_it not it_will_repeat until years_of a_generation and_generation.

OET (OET-RV) It’ll be a day of darkness and gloom—
 ⇔ a day of clouds and thick darkness
 ⇔ like the dawn being spread out on the mountains.
 ⇔ There hasn’t been a great and mighty army like that since the beginning of time,
 ⇔ and after it there won’t be again for many generations.

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

י֧וֹם חֹ֣שֶׁךְ וַ⁠אֲפֵלָ֗ה י֤וֹם עָנָן֙ וַ⁠עֲרָפֶ֔ל

day darkness and,gloom day clouds and,thick_darkness

Joel is using the term day to mean a period of time, by association with the way days make up specific periods of time. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [a time of darkness and gloom, a time of clouds and thick darkness]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / doublet

חֹ֣שֶׁךְ וַ⁠אֲפֵלָ֗ה

darkness and,gloom

The terms darkness and gloom mean similar things. Joel is using the two terms together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: [deep darkness]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / doublet

עָנָן֙ וַ⁠עֲרָפֶ֔ל

clouds and,thick_darkness

The terms clouds and thick darkness mean similar things. Joel is using the two terms together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: [very dark clouds]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / simile

כְּ⁠שַׁ֖חַר פָּרֻ֣שׂ עַל־הֶֽ⁠הָרִ֑ים

like,dawn spread on/upon/above/on_account_of//he/it_went_in the,mountains

The point of this comparison is that just as the dawn spreads in a steady and unstoppable way across the mountains, so the army of locusts spreads in the same way across the land. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this point explicitly. Alternate translation: [Like the dawn spreading in a steady and unstoppable way upon the mountains]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

כְּ⁠שַׁ֖חַר פָּרֻ֣שׂ עַל־הֶֽ⁠הָרִ֑ים

like,dawn spread on/upon/above/on_account_of//he/it_went_in the,mountains

If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: [Like the dawn spreading upon the mountains]

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

כְּ⁠שַׁ֖חַר

like,dawn

Joel is using the term dawn by association to mean the light that appears at dawn. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [like the light of dawn] or [like the early morning sunlight]

Note 7 topic: figures-of-speech / ellipsis

עַ֚ם רַ֣ב וְ⁠עָצ֔וּם

people great//chief/captain and,strong

Joel is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You can supply these words from the context if that would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: [a great and mighty people is coming]

Note 8 topic: figures-of-speech / doublet

עַ֚ם רַ֣ב וְ⁠עָצ֔וּם

people great//chief/captain and,strong

The terms great and mighty mean similar things. Joel is using the two terms together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: [a very strong people]

Note 9 topic: figures-of-speech / hyperbole

כָּמֹ֗⁠הוּ לֹ֤א נִֽהְיָה֙ מִן־הָ֣⁠עוֹלָ֔ם וְ⁠אַֽחֲרָי⁠ו֙ לֹ֣א יוֹסֵ֔ף עַד־שְׁנֵ֖י דּ֥וֹר וָ⁠דֽוֹר

like,it not there_~_been from/more_than the,old and,after,it not again until two_of ages and,generation

Joel is making an overstatement for emphasis. If it would be clearer in your language, you could express the emphasis in a different way. Alternate translation: [It is worse than anything that has happened in living memory, and nothing like it will happen again for many generations]

Note 10 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

עַד־שְׁנֵ֖י דּ֥וֹר וָ⁠דֽוֹר

until two_of ages and,generation

This is an expression that means “for a very long time.” Your language may have a comparable expression that you can use in your translation. Alternate translation: [for many generations to come]

TSN Tyndale Study Notes:

2:2 Some religious leaders had taught the people of Jerusalem and Judah that the day of the Lord would be a time of blessing for God’s people. Echoing the prophet Zephaniah (Zeph 1:15), Joel proclaimed that it would instead be a day of darkness and gloom (see also Amos 5:18-20).

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Hebrew word
    5. Hebrew lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. A day of
    2. -
    3. 3256
    5. 524799
    6. P-Ncmsc
    8. S
    9. Y-800; TProphecies_of_Joel
    10. 366821
    1. darkness
    2. -
    3. 2635
    5. 524800
    6. P-Ncmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-800; TProphecies_of_Joel
    10. 366822
    1. and gloom
    2. gloom
    3. 1922,212
    5. 524801,524802
    6. P-C,Ncfsa
    8. -
    9. Y-800; TProphecies_of_Joel
    10. 366823
    1. a day of
    2. -
    3. 3256
    5. 524803
    6. P-Ncmsc
    8. -
    9. Y-800; TProphecies_of_Joel
    10. 366824
    1. cloud
    2. clouds
    3. 5739
    5. 524804
    6. P-Ncmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-800; TProphecies_of_Joel
    10. 366825
    1. and thick darkness
    2. thick
    3. 1922,5415
    5. 524805,524806
    6. P-C,Ncmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-800; TProphecies_of_Joel
    10. 366826
    1. like dawn
    2. -
    3. 3285,7407
    5. 524807,524808
    6. S-R,Ncmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-800; TProphecies_of_Joel
    10. 366827
    1. spread out
    2. spread
    3. 6168
    5. 524809
    6. V-Vqsmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-800; TProphecies_of_Joel
    10. 366828
    1. over
    2. -
    3. 5613
    5. 524810
    6. S-R
    8. -
    9. Y-800; TProphecies_of_Joel
    10. 366829
    1. the mountains
    2. mountains
    3. 1830,1848
    5. 524812,524813
    6. S-Td,Ncmpa
    8. -
    9. Y-800; TProphecies_of_Joel
    10. 366831
    1. a people
    2. -
    3. 5620
    5. 524814
    6. S-Ncmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-800; TProphecies_of_Joel
    10. 366832
    1. numerous
    2. -
    3. 6900
    5. 524815
    6. S-Aamsa
    8. -
    9. Y-800; TProphecies_of_Joel
    10. 366833
    1. and strong
    2. -
    3. 1922,5758
    5. 524816,524817
    6. S-C,Aamsa
    8. -
    9. Y-800; TProphecies_of_Joel
    10. 366834
    1. like it
    2. -
    3. 3307
    5. 524818,524819
    6. S-R,Sp3ms
    8. -
    9. Y-800; TProphecies_of_Joel
    10. 366835
    1. not
    2. won't
    3. 3696
    5. 524820
    6. S-Tn
    8. -
    9. Y-800; TProphecies_of_Joel
    10. 366836
    1. it has occurred
    2. -
    3. 1872
    5. 524821
    6. V-VNp3ms
    8. -
    9. Y-800; TProphecies_of_Joel
    10. 366837
    1. since
    2. ≈since
    3. 3968
    5. 524822
    6. S-R
    8. -
    9. Y-800; TProphecies_of_Joel
    10. 366838
    1. the old
    2. -
    3. 1830,5870
    5. 524824,524825
    6. S-Td,Ncmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-800; TProphecies_of_Joel
    10. 366840
    1. and after it
    2. after
    3. 1922,507
    5. 524826,524827,524828
    6. S-C,R,Sp3ms
    8. -
    9. Y-800; TProphecies_of_Joel
    10. 366841
    1. not
    2. -
    3. 3696
    5. 524829
    6. S-Tn
    8. -
    9. Y-800; TProphecies_of_Joel
    10. 366842
    1. it will repeat
    2. -
    3. 3147
    5. 524830
    6. V-Vhi3ms
    8. -
    9. Y-800; TProphecies_of_Joel
    10. 366843
    1. until
    2. -
    3. 5577
    5. 524831
    6. S-R
    8. -
    9. Y-800; TProphecies_of_Joel
    10. 366844
    1. years of
    2. -
    3. 7548
    5. 524833
    6. S-Acmdc
    8. -
    9. Y-800; TProphecies_of_Joel
    10. 366846
    1. a generation
    2. -
    3. 1747
    5. 524834
    6. S-Ncmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-800; TProphecies_of_Joel
    10. 366847
    1. and generation
    2. -
    3. 1922,1747
    5. 524835,524836
    6. S-C,Ncmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-800; TProphecies_of_Joel
    10. 366848

OET (OET-LV) A_day_of darkness and_gloom a_day_of cloud and_thick_darkness like_dawn spread_out over the_mountains a_people numerous and_strong like_it not it_has_occurred since the_old and_after_it not it_will_repeat until years_of a_generation and_generation.

OET (OET-RV) It’ll be a day of darkness and gloom—
 ⇔ a day of clouds and thick darkness
 ⇔ like the dawn being spread out on the mountains.
 ⇔ There hasn’t been a great and mighty army like that since the beginning of time,
 ⇔ and after it there won’t be again for many generations.

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The Hebrew text, lemmas, and morphology are all thanks to the OSHB and some of the glosses are from Macula Hebrew.

◄ ← JOEL 2:2 ↑ → ► ║ ©