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Key: khaki:verbs.
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BrLXXΚαὶ ἐγένετο μετὰ ταῦτα, καὶ ἐπάταξε Δαυὶδ τοὺς ἀλλοφύλους, καὶ ἐτροπώσατο αὐτούς· καὶ ἔλαβε Δαυὶδ τὴν ἀφωρισμένην ἐκ χειρὸς τῶν ἀλλοφύλων. (Kai egeneto meta tauta, kai epataxe Dawid tous allofulous, kai etropōsato autous; kai elabe Dawid taʸn afōrismenaʸn ek ⱪeiros tōn allofulōn. )
BrTrAnd it came to pass after this, that David smote the Philistines, and put them to flight, and David took the [fn]tribute from out of the hand of the Philistines.
ULTAnd it happened after thus, and David struck the Philistines, and he subdued them. And David took Metheg-Ammah from the hand of the Philistines.
USTSome time later, David’s army attacked the Philistine army and defeated them. They took control over the Philistine city of Gath and its surrounding villages.
BSBSome time later David defeated the Philistines, subdued them, and took Metheg-ammah[fn] from the hand of the Philistines.
NETLater David defeated the Philistines and subdued them. David took Metheg Ammah from the Philistines.
LSVAnd it comes to pass afterward that David strikes the Philistines, and humbles them, and David takes the bridle of the metropolis out of the hand of the Philistines.
FBVSometime after this, David attacked and subdued the Philistines, taking Metheg-ammah[fn] from the them.
8:1The meaning of this term is not known. It may be a place name. The parallel passage in Chronicles identifies “Gath and its nearby towns.” 1 Chronicles 18:1.
T4TSome time later, David’s army attacked the Philistia army and defeated them. They took control over the entire Philistia area.
BBEAnd it came about after this that David made an attack on the Philistines and overcame them; and David took the authority of the mother-town from the hands of the Philistines.
JPSAnd after this it came to pass, that David smote the Philistines, and subdued them; and David took Metheg-ammah out of the hand of the Philistines.
ASVAnd after this it came to pass, that David smote the Philistines, and subdued them: and David took the bridle of the mother city out of the hand of the Philistines.
DRAAnd it came to pass after this that David defeated the Philistines, and brought them down, and David took the bridle of tribute out of the hand of the Philistines.
YLTAnd it cometh to pass afterwards that David smiteth the Philistines, and humbleth them, and David taketh the bridle of the metropolis out of the hand of the Philistines.
DrbyAnd after this it came to pass that David smote the Philistines, and subdued them; and David took the power of the capital out of the hand of the Philistines.
RVAnd after this it came to pass, that David smote the Philistines, and subdued them: and David took the bridle of the mother city out of the hand of the Philistines.
SLTAnd it will be after this, and David will strike the rovers and subdue them: and David will take the bridle of the metropolis out of the hand of the rovers.
WbstrAnd after this it came to pass, that David smote the Philistines, and subdued them: and David took Metheg-ammah out of the hand of the Philistines.
KJB-1769And after this it came to pass, that David smote the Philistines, and subdued them: and David took Metheg-ammah out of the hand of the Philistines.[fn]
KJB-1611¶ [fn]And after this it came to passe, that Dauid smote the Philistines, and subdued them: and Dauid tooke Metheg-Ammah out of the hand of the Philistines. (¶ And after this it came to pass, that David smote the Philistines, and subdued them: and David took Metheg-Ammahoutofthehand of the Philistines.)
GnvaAfter this now, Dauid smote the Philistims, and subdued them, and Dauid tooke the bridle of bondage out of the hand of the Philistims. (After this now, David smote the Philistines, and subdued them, and David took the bridle of bondage out of the hand of the Philistines. )
ClVgFactum est autem post hæc, percussit David Philisthiim, et humiliavit eos, et tulit David frenum tributi de manu Philisthiim.[fn] (Done it_is however after these_things, he_struck David Philistines, and I_humbledt them, and took David frenumtributi from/about by_hand Philistines. )
8.1Frenum. Quinque civitates erant Philisthinorum quæ Isrælem tributarium faciebant. Has tulit sibi David et fecit tributarias, sicut legitur: Percussit David Philisthiim, et humiliavit eos, et tulit Geth et filias ejus de manu eorum, etc. I Paral. 18. Frenum. Christus de æreis potestatibus triumphans, frenum erroris quod humano generi imposuerant confregit.
8.1Frenum. Whyque cities they_were Philisthinorum which Israelemtributariumfacebant. Has took to_himself David and he_did tributarias, like it_is_read: Percussit David Philistines, and I_humbledt them, and took Geth and daughters his from/about by_hand their, etc. I Paral. 18. Frenum. Christ from/about æreispowerbustriumphans, frenumerroris that humanogeneriimposuerant he_broke.
8:1-18 The expansion of David’s empire through military victories (8:1-14) and the establishment of his royal bureaucracy (8:15-18) fulfilled God’s promise of a famous name (7:9; cp. 8:13).
(Some words not found in UHB: and=he/it_was after so and,defeated Dāvid DOM Pelishtim and,subdued,them and=he/it_took Dāvid DOM metheg_of the,ammah from,hand_of Pelishtim )
Here David represents himself and his soldiers. Alternate translation: “David and his soldiers attacked”
2 Samuel 8:1-8; 10:1-19; 12:21-31; 1 Chronicles 18:2-11; 19:1-19; 20:1-3
The accounts of David’s greatest military victories stand like bookends around the record of David’s most grievous sins. Sometime after David brought the Ark of the Covenant into Jerusalem and the Lord promised to establish his dynasty over Israel, David achieved a series of victories over virtually all of Israel’s neighboring nations. These began with David’s capture of Metheg-ammah (likely Gath) and all of Philistia and was followed by his victory over Moab. Then Nahash king of Ammon died, and David sent envoys to express his condolences to Nahash’s son Hanun, who had now become king. Hanun, however, intentionally humiliated David’s envoys, shaving off half their beards and cutting off the bottom half of their garments before sending them back to Israel. When David heard of it, he sent word to his envoys to remain at Jericho until their beards grew back. In the meantime, the Ammonites called upon several Aramean nations to help them fight against Israel, which was likely their original intent for humiliating David’s envoys. Warriors came from Beth-rehob and Zobah, which lay between Israel and Hamath farther north, as well as from Maacah (see “Geshur and Maacah” map) and Tob. The writer of 1 Chronicles also notes that soldiers came from Mesopotamia as well. David sent his commander Joab to fight this coalition at Rabbah. The writer of 1 Chronicles consistently speaks of the battle occurring at Medeba, rather than Rabbah, but the town of Medeba south of Heshbon seems an unlikely location for the battle. Perhaps Rabbah was also referred to at times as Medeba. In any case, Joab and his brother Abishai divided their forces into two groups, with Joab leading the fight against the Arameans to the north and Abishai leading the fight against the Ammonites just outside the gates of Rabbah. As Joab advanced, the Arameans fled, which in turn led the Ammonites to retreat behind the walls of Rabbah. After this Joab (and probably his forces) returned home to Israel. But the Arameans regrouped and added more troops from Aramean nations beyond the Euphrates River. David met them in battle at Helam (likely modern Alma) and won a great victory over them, even killing their commander Shobah (or Shophach). After this the Arameans made peace with Israel. Sometime later David also subjugated the Edomites, who lived to the south of Moab. It was likely sometime after this that David engaged in adultery with the wife of Uriah, one of his own valiant warriors (see “David’s Mighty Men” map), and then he tried to cover up his sin by arranging for Uriah’s death in battle. His sin was later exposed by Nathan the prophet, and David repented. After this Joab returned to Rabbah to finish capturing the city, and when victory was close at hand he called for David to come and finish taking the city. Thus the Ammonites became subject to Israel as well. From all these conquered nations David took many spoils and dedicated them to the Lord’s service, including great amounts of bronze from the towns of Tebah (also called Betah and Tibhath), Berothai, and Cun.
2 Samuel 8:1-8; 10:1-19; 12:21-31; 1 Chronicles 18:2-11; 19:1-19; 20:1-3
The accounts of David’s greatest military victories stand like bookends around the record of David’s most grievous sins. Sometime after David brought the Ark of the Covenant into Jerusalem and the Lord promised to establish his dynasty over Israel, David achieved a series of victories over virtually all of Israel’s neighboring nations. These began with David’s capture of Metheg-ammah (likely Gath) and all of Philistia and was followed by his victory over Moab. Then Nahash king of Ammon died, and David sent envoys to express his condolences to Nahash’s son Hanun, who had now become king. Hanun, however, intentionally humiliated David’s envoys, shaving off half their beards and cutting off the bottom half of their garments before sending them back to Israel. When David heard of it, he sent word to his envoys to remain at Jericho until their beards grew back. In the meantime, the Ammonites called upon several Aramean nations to help them fight against Israel, which was likely their original intent for humiliating David’s envoys. Warriors came from Beth-rehob and Zobah, which lay between Israel and Hamath farther north, as well as from Maacah (see “Geshur and Maacah” map) and Tob. The writer of 1 Chronicles also notes that soldiers came from Mesopotamia as well. David sent his commander Joab to fight this coalition at Rabbah. The writer of 1 Chronicles consistently speaks of the battle occurring at Medeba, rather than Rabbah, but the town of Medeba south of Heshbon seems an unlikely location for the battle. Perhaps Rabbah was also referred to at times as Medeba. In any case, Joab and his brother Abishai divided their forces into two groups, with Joab leading the fight against the Arameans to the north and Abishai leading the fight against the Ammonites just outside the gates of Rabbah. As Joab advanced, the Arameans fled, which in turn led the Ammonites to retreat behind the walls of Rabbah. After this Joab (and probably his forces) returned home to Israel. But the Arameans regrouped and added more troops from Aramean nations beyond the Euphrates River. David met them in battle at Helam (likely modern Alma) and won a great victory over them, even killing their commander Shobah (or Shophach). After this the Arameans made peace with Israel. Sometime later David also subjugated the Edomites, who lived to the south of Moab. It was likely sometime after this that David engaged in adultery with the wife of Uriah, one of his own valiant warriors (see “David’s Mighty Men” map), and then he tried to cover up his sin by arranging for Uriah’s death in battle. His sin was later exposed by Nathan the prophet, and David repented. After this Joab returned to Rabbah to finish capturing the city, and when victory was close at hand he called for David to come and finish taking the city. Thus the Ammonites became subject to Israel as well. From all these conquered nations David took many spoils and dedicated them to the Lord’s service, including great amounts of bronze from the towns of Tebah (also called Betah and Tibhath), Berothai, and Cun.
