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OET interlinear DAN 5:22

◄ ← DAN 5:22 ↓ → ► ║ ©

Hebrew word order

    1. Hebrew word
    2. Hebrew lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. ו,אנתה
    2. 514513,514514
    3. And you
    4. -
    5. 607
    6. -C,Pp2ms
    7. and,you
    8. S
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359770
    2. 514515
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 359771
    1. בְּרֵ,הּ
    2. 514516,514517
    3. son of his
    4. -
    5. 1247
    6. S-Ncmsc,Sp3ms
    7. son_of,his
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359772
    1. בֵּלְשַׁאצַּר
    2. 514518
    3. Oh Bēləshaʼʦʦr
    4. -
    5. 1113
    6. S-Np
    7. O_Belshazzar
    8. -
    9. Person=Belshazzar; Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359773
    1. לָא
    2. 514519
    3. not
    4. -
    5. 3809
    6. S-Tn
    7. not
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359774
    1. הַשְׁפֵּלְתְּ
    2. 514520
    3. you have brought low
    4. -
    5. 8214
    6. S-Vhp2ms
    7. you_have_brought_low
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359775
    1. לִבְבָ,ךְ
    2. 514521,514522
    3. heart of your
    4. -
    5. 3825
    6. V-Ncmsc,Sp2ms
    7. heart_of,your
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359776
    1. כָּ,ל
    2. 514523,514524
    3. as to
    4. -
    5. 3606
    6. O-C,C
    7. as=to
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359777
    2. 514525
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 359778
    1. קֳבֵל
    2. 514526
    3. because
    4. -
    5. 6903
    6. S-C
    7. because
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359779
    1. דִּי
    2. 514527
    3. that
    4. -
    5. 1768
    6. S-C
    7. that
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359780
    1. כָל
    2. 514528
    3. all of
    4. -
    5. 3606
    6. S-Ncmsc
    7. all_of
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359781
    2. 514529
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 359782
    1. דְּנָה
    2. 514530
    3. this
    4. -
    5. 1836
    6. O-Pdxms
    7. this
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359783
    1. יְדַֽעְתָּ
    2. 514531
    3. you knew
    4. -
    5. 3046
    6. O-Vqp2ms
    7. you_knew
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359784
    2. 514532
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-sof-pasuq
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 359785

OET (OET-LV) And_you[fn] son_of_his Oh_Bēləshaʼʦʦr not you_have_brought_low heart_of_your as_to because that all_of this you_knew.

5:22 OSHB variant note: ו/אנתה: (x-qere) ’וְ/אַ֤נְתְּ’: lemma_c/607 morph_AC/Pp2ms id_274wk וְ/אַ֤נְתְּ

OET (OET-RV) “Yet you, Belshatstsar, his son, haven’t humbled yourself despite already knowing all that.

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 5:1–31: God judged King Belshazzar

The author continued to write in the Aramaic language. He wrote about how King Belshazzar gave a big banquet and made use of the sacred treasures from the Jerusalem temple. Belshazzar saw a hand writing a mysterious message on the wall. Only Daniel was able to explain the message, that God was about to punish Belshazzar. That same night an army of Medes and Persians conquered the city and killed Belshazzar.

English versions give different headings to Daniel 5. These include:

The Handwriting on the Wall (GW)

The Writing on the Wall (NIV)

King Belshazzar’s Banquet (CEV)

In some languages it may be more natural to write the heading in the form of a clause. For example, you could say:

King Belshazzar saw a hand write on the wall.

King Belshazzar had/gave a banquet/feast.

Some versions give headings to the subsections of Daniel 5. For example, the NLT has two headings:

The Writing on the Wall (5:1)

Daniel explains the writing (5:13)

The NRSV has three headings:

Belshazzar’s Feast (5:1)

The Writing on the Wall (5:5)

The Writing on the Wall Interpreted (5:13)

You should decide the number of headings that is best in your translation. The purpose of headings is to help readers to follow the events of the story. Headings also help the reader understand the relationships between the different parts of the story. You should try not to have more headings than necessary.

Historical Background:

Nabonidus was the king of Babylon from 556 to 539 B.C. Historical records indicate that he married Nitocris, the daughter of Nebuchadnezzar, and that Belshazzar was their oldest son.See the ancient Greek historian Herodotus and the Nabonidus Chronicles. While Nabonidus was absent from Babylon during the last ten years of his reign, Belshazzar acted as king in his place.

Daniel 5 describes the last night of the Babylonian empire. From other historic sources we know that Cyrus, the king of Persia, attacked the Babylonian army during the 7th month of the year 539 B.C. On the 15th day of that month, they attacked the town of Sippar and King Nabonidus fled. The next day Cyrus’ army entered the city of Babylon without any battle and killed its ruler, Belshazzar. Daniel 5 describes what Belshazzar was doing on the last day of the Babylonian empire.

Paragraph 5:22–24

Daniel continued speaking to King Belshazzar in 5:22, but he changed the topic. He began to rebuke the king.

5:22a

But you his son, O Belshazzar, have not humbled your heart,

But: There are two ways to interpret and translate the Aramaic conjunction that the BSB translates as But:

  1. It introduces a contrast between what happened to Nebuchadnezzar (in 5:20–21) and what Belshazzar chose to do. For example:

    Yet (NASB) (BSB, NASB, NJPS, NIV, NJB, GW, REB, GNT, NET)

  2. It introduces the next event. For example:

    and (ESV) (RSV/NRSV, NLT, CEV, NCV, ESV, KJV)

It is recommended that you follow interpretation (1). In spite of the fact that Belshazzar knew what had happened to Nebuchadnezzar, he had not honored God.

you his son, O Belshazzar: Daniel addressed the king by his name and called him the son of Nebuchadnezzar. Belshazzar was in fact not a biological son, but a successor and possibly grandson, of Nebuchadnezzar. See the Notes on “your father” at 5:11b. Translate this in a way that is natural in your language. For example:

you, Belshazzar, his descendant

you, Belshazzar, who are king after him

you, Belshazzar, are in his royal line

have not humbled your heart: The Aramaic verb phrase that the BSB translates as humbled your heart is literally “made low your heart.” It contains the same verb that is used in 5:19e and 4:37d. In this context it refers to recognizing/acknowledging God and submitting to him. Here are some other ways to translate this:BFrCL88 “You did not adopt a more humble attitude.” GeCL97 “You did not guard yourself against arrogance.”

did not remain humble (GW)

continued to act in a proud way

General Comment on 5:22a

This verse part refers to Belshazzar in three ways: by name, by the pronoun “you,” and as Nebuchadnezzar’s “son.” This serves to emphasize Belshazzar’s identity. His identity increased his responsibility and his guilt. Emphasize the king’s identity in a way that is natural in your language. For example:

But you, Belshazzar, who are his son, you have not humbled your heart (NJB)

But you, Belshazzar, you who are king in Nebuchadnezzar’s line/place, you have not humbled yourself.

5:22b

even though you knew all this.

even though you knew all this: The Aramaic connector that the BSB translates as though here introduces a concessive clause, a fact that makes the following statement surprising or unexpected. In spite of the fact that Belshazzar knew what had happened to Nebuchadnezzar, he was arrogant and did not honor God. Here are some other ways to translate this clause:

though you knew all this (NIV)

although you knew all this (REB)

in spite of knowing all this (NJB)

you knew all this: This clause tells why the king should not have acted this way. He knew the lesson that God had taught Nebuchadnezzar. The pronoun this refers in general to what Nebuchadnezzar had done and what had happened to him (5:18–21). In some languages it will be necessary to add this implied information.

you knew all that happened to Nebuchadnezzar

you knew that God had taught Nebuchadnezzar not to act arrogantly.

General Comment on 5:22a–b

In some languages it may be more natural to change the order of the clauses. For example:

bEven though you knew all this, ayou, Nebuchadnezzar’s successor, still did not humble yourself.

bBut although you knew all this, ayou, his son Belshazzar, did not humble your heart. (REB)

King Belshazzar, byou knew all this, abut you still refused to honor the Lord (CEV)

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: translate-names

בֵּלְשַׁאצַּ֔ר

Bēləshaʼʦʦr

Belshazzar was the son of Nebuchadnezzar who became king after his father. See how you wrote this name in [Daniel 5:1](../05/01.md).

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / synecdoche

לָ֥א הַשְׁפֵּ֖לְתְּ לִבְבָ֑⁠ךְ

not humbled heart_of,your

Here heart refers to Belshazzar himself. Alternate translation: “have not humbled yourself”

TSN Tyndale Study Notes:

5:1-30 Earthly kingdoms all pass away. As Nebuchadnezzar’s dream implied, Babylon would pass away and a new sovereign kingdom would take its place (2:39). After Nebuchadnezzar’s death in 562 BC, violence and debauchery increased in the palaces of Babylon until, during Belshazzar’s feast in 539 BC, even God’s holy vessels were polluted and defiled. God’s judgment came with lightning swiftness that night (5:30), and the next kingdom took over (see 2:32, 39; 5:31).

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Hebrew word
    5. Hebrew lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. And you
    2. -
    4. AK
    5. 514513,514514
    6. -C,Pp2ms
    8. S
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359770
    1. son of his
    2. -
    3. 1987,539
    4. A
    5. 514516,514517
    6. S-Ncmsc,Sp3ms
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359772
    1. Oh Bēləshaʼʦʦr
    2. -
    3. 1136,1978
    4. A
    5. 514518
    6. S-Np
    8. -
    9. Person=Belshazzar; Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359773
    1. not
    2. -
    3. 1041
    4. A
    5. 514519
    6. S-Tn
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359774
    1. you have brought low
    2. -
    3. 3791
    4. A
    5. 514520
    6. S-Vhp2ms
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359775
    1. heart of your
    2. -
    3. 7507
    4. A
    5. 514521,514522
    6. V-Ncmsc,Sp2ms
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359776
    1. as to
    2. -
    3. 3712,1978
    4. A
    5. 514523,514524
    6. O-C,C
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359777
    1. because
    2. -
    3. 3418,3705
    4. A
    5. 514526
    6. S-C
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359779
    1. that
    2. -
    3. 6788
    4. A
    5. 514527
    6. S-C
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359780
    1. all of
    2. -
    3. 1654
    4. A
    5. 514528
    6. S-Ncmsc
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359781
    1. this
    2. -
    3. 3671
    4. A
    5. 514530
    6. O-Pdxms
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359783
    1. you knew
    2. -
    3. 1638
    4. A
    5. 514531
    6. O-Vqp2ms
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359784

OET (OET-LV) And_you[fn] son_of_his Oh_Bēləshaʼʦʦr not you_have_brought_low heart_of_your as_to because that all_of this you_knew.

5:22 OSHB variant note: ו/אנתה: (x-qere) ’וְ/אַ֤נְתְּ’: lemma_c/607 morph_AC/Pp2ms id_274wk וְ/אַ֤נְתְּ

OET (OET-RV) “Yet you, Belshatstsar, his son, haven’t humbled yourself despite already knowing all that.

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The Hebrew text, lemmas, and morphology are all thanks to the OSHB and some of the glosses are from Macula Hebrew.OET logo mark

◄ ← DAN 5:22 ↑ → ► ║ ©