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OET interlinear DAN 5:9

◄ ← DAN 5:9 ↓ → ► ║ ©

Hebrew word order

    1. Hebrew word
    2. Hebrew lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. אֱדַיִן
    2. 514016
    3. Then
    4. -
    5. 116
    6. S-D
    7. then
    8. S
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359437
    1. מַלְכָּ,א
    2. 514017,514018
    3. Oh/the king
    4. King
    5. 4430
    6. S-Ncmsd,Td
    7. Oh/the=king
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359438
    1. בֵלְשַׁאצַּר
    2. 514019
    3. Bēləshaʼʦʦr
    4. -
    5. 1113
    6. S-Np
    7. Belshazzar
    8. -
    9. Person=Belshazzar; Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359439
    1. שַׂגִּיא
    2. 514020
    3. exceedingly
    4. -
    5. 7690
    6. S-Aamsa
    7. exceedingly
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359440
    1. מִתְבָּהַל
    2. 514021
    3. +was alarmed
    4. -
    5. 927
    6. V-VMrmsa
    7. [was]_alarmed
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359441
    1. וְ,זִיוֺ,הִי
    2. 514022,514023,514024
    3. and brightness(es) of his
    4. face
    5. 2122
    6. S-C,Ncmpc,Sp3ms
    7. and,brightness(es)_of,his
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359442
    1. שָׁנַיִן
    2. 514025
    3. +were changing
    4. -
    5. 8133
    6. V-Vqrmpa
    7. [were]_changing
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359443
    1. עֲלוֹ,הִי
    2. 514026,514027
    3. on him
    4. -
    5. 5922
    6. S-R,Sp3ms
    7. on,him
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359444
    1. וְ,רַבְרְבָנוֹ,הִי
    2. 514028,514029,514030
    3. and nobles of his
    4. nobles
    5. 7261
    6. S-C,Ncmpc,Sp3ms
    7. and,nobles_of,his
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359445
    1. מִשְׁתַּבְּשִׁין
    2. 514031
    3. +were dumbfounded
    4. -
    5. 7672
    6. V-VMrmpa
    7. [were]_dumbfounded
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359446
    2. 514032
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-sof-pasuq
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 359447

OET (OET-LV) Then Oh/the_king Bēləshaʼʦʦr exceedingly was_alarmed and_brightness(es)_of_his were_changing on_him and_nobles_of_his were_dumbfounded.

OET (OET-RV) Then King Belshatstsar became more afraid, his face went whiter still, and his nobles also had no idea what to do.

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 5:1–31: God judged King Belshazzar

The author continued to write in the Aramaic language. He wrote about how King Belshazzar gave a big banquet and made use of the sacred treasures from the Jerusalem temple. Belshazzar saw a hand writing a mysterious message on the wall. Only Daniel was able to explain the message, that God was about to punish Belshazzar. That same night an army of Medes and Persians conquered the city and killed Belshazzar.

English versions give different headings to Daniel 5. These include:

The Handwriting on the Wall (GW)

The Writing on the Wall (NIV)

King Belshazzar’s Banquet (CEV)

In some languages it may be more natural to write the heading in the form of a clause. For example, you could say:

King Belshazzar saw a hand write on the wall.

King Belshazzar had/gave a banquet/feast.

Some versions give headings to the subsections of Daniel 5. For example, the NLT has two headings:

The Writing on the Wall (5:1)

Daniel explains the writing (5:13)

The NRSV has three headings:

Belshazzar’s Feast (5:1)

The Writing on the Wall (5:5)

The Writing on the Wall Interpreted (5:13)

You should decide the number of headings that is best in your translation. The purpose of headings is to help readers to follow the events of the story. Headings also help the reader understand the relationships between the different parts of the story. You should try not to have more headings than necessary.

Historical Background:

Nabonidus was the king of Babylon from 556 to 539 B.C. Historical records indicate that he married Nitocris, the daughter of Nebuchadnezzar, and that Belshazzar was their oldest son.See the ancient Greek historian Herodotus and the Nabonidus Chronicles. While Nabonidus was absent from Babylon during the last ten years of his reign, Belshazzar acted as king in his place.

Daniel 5 describes the last night of the Babylonian empire. From other historic sources we know that Cyrus, the king of Persia, attacked the Babylonian army during the 7th month of the year 539 B.C. On the 15th day of that month, they attacked the town of Sippar and King Nabonidus fled. The next day Cyrus’ army entered the city of Babylon without any battle and killed its ruler, Belshazzar. Daniel 5 describes what Belshazzar was doing on the last day of the Babylonian empire.

Paragraph 5:7–9

The king summoned his advisers to interpret the writing on the wall. A number of English versions begin a new paragraph at this verse.

5:9a

Then King Belshazzar became even more terrified,

Then: The Aramaic connector that the BSB translates as Then here introduces a new stage in the action. Here is another way to translate this:

So (NIV)

King Belshazzar became even more terrified: The Aramaic verb that the BSB translates as terrified is an intensive form of the verb translated as “so alarmed him” in 5:6b.This is the same verb as in 5:6 but in a different form. Here the verb is a participle. In 5:6 it was an imperfect. Here are some other ways to translate this:

Became greatly terrified (NRSV)

The king grew even more alarmed (NLT)

the king was more afraid than ever before (CEV)

You should use a way that is natural in your language to describe a stronger reaction than in 5:6b.

5:9b

his face grew even more pale,

his face grew even more pale: This is the same expression as in 5:6a, except here the Aramaic text says that “his brightness/face changed over him.” The added phrase “over him” adds emphasis. English versions have expressed this emphasis in different ways. For example:

grew even paler (GNT)

And his face became even whiter (NCV)

Each language has its own way to describe a person’s face when they become very afraid. Choose an expression that is natural in your language and indicates an increase in fear.

5:9c

and his nobles were bewildered.

his nobles were bewildered: English versions interpret the Aramaic verb that the BSB translates as were bewildered in several ways:

  1. It means “were confused.” The nobles did not know what to say or do. This was a big problem. For example:

    his lords were perplexed (RSV) (BSB, NIV, NCV, RSV/NRSV, GW, GNT, REB, NASB, ESV, CEV, NET)

  2. It means “disturbed.” The nobles were shocked and distressed. For example:

    His noblemen were equally disturbed (NJB) (NJB, NLT, KJV)

It is recommended that you follow interpretation (1), along with the majority of English versions. Other ways to translate this include:

they were completely puzzled (CEV)

and his noblemen had no idea what to do

his nobles were perplexed

nobles: The nobles were the men whom the king had invited to the banquet in 5:1. See the Notes at 5:1a.

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: translate-names

בֵלְשַׁאצַּר֙

Bēləshaʼʦʦr

Belshazzar is the son of Nebuchadnezzar who became king after his father. See how you wrote this name in [Daniel 5:1](../05/01.md).

וְ⁠זִיוֺ֖⁠הִי שָׁנַ֣יִן עֲל֑וֹ⁠הִי

and,brightness(es)_of,his changed on,him

The face of the king grew even more pale than in [Daniel 5:6](../05/06.md). Alternate translation: “his face became even more pale”

מִֽשְׁתַּבְּשִֽׁין

perplexed

To be perplexed is to be unable to understand, or to be confused.

TSN Tyndale Study Notes:

5:1-30 Earthly kingdoms all pass away. As Nebuchadnezzar’s dream implied, Babylon would pass away and a new sovereign kingdom would take its place (2:39). After Nebuchadnezzar’s death in 562 BC, violence and debauchery increased in the palaces of Babylon until, during Belshazzar’s feast in 539 BC, even God’s holy vessels were polluted and defiled. God’s judgment came with lightning swiftness that night (5:30), and the next kingdom took over (see 2:32, 39; 5:31).

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Hebrew word
    5. Hebrew lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. Then
    2. -
    3. 3
    4. A
    5. 514016
    6. S-D
    8. S
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359437
    1. Oh/the king
    2. King
    3. 4308,1
    4. A
    5. 514017,514018
    6. S-Ncmsd,Td
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359438
    1. Bēləshaʼʦʦr
    2. -
    3. 1041
    4. A
    5. 514019
    6. S-Np
    8. -
    9. Person=Belshazzar; Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359439
    1. exceedingly
    2. -
    3. 8057
    4. A
    5. 514020
    6. S-Aamsa
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359440
    1. +was alarmed
    2. -
    3. 868
    4. A
    5. 514021
    6. V-VMrmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359441
    1. and brightness(es) of his
    2. face
    3. 1987,2031,1978
    4. A
    5. 514022,514023,514024
    6. S-C,Ncmpc,Sp3ms
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359442
    1. +were changing
    2. -
    3. 7984
    4. A
    5. 514025
    6. V-Vqrmpa
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359443
    1. on him
    2. -
    3. 5837,1978
    4. A
    5. 514026,514027
    6. S-R,Sp3ms
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359444
    1. and nobles of his
    2. nobles
    3. 1987,7193,1978
    4. A
    5. 514028,514029,514030
    6. S-C,Ncmpc,Sp3ms
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359445
    1. +were dumbfounded
    2. -
    3. 7432
    4. A
    5. 514031
    6. V-VMrmpa
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359446

OET (OET-LV) Then Oh/the_king Bēləshaʼʦʦr exceedingly was_alarmed and_brightness(es)_of_his were_changing on_him and_nobles_of_his were_dumbfounded.

OET (OET-RV) Then King Belshatstsar became more afraid, his face went whiter still, and his nobles also had no idea what to do.

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The Hebrew text, lemmas, and morphology are all thanks to the OSHB and some of the glosses are from Macula Hebrew.OET logo mark

◄ ← DAN 5:9 ↑ → ► ║ ©