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OET interlinear DAN 5:13

◄ ← DAN 5:13 ↓ → ► ║ ©

Hebrew word order

    1. Hebrew word
    2. Hebrew lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. בֵּ,אדַיִן
    2. 514161,514162
    3. in then
    4. -
    5. 116
    6. S-R,D
    7. in=then
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359534
    1. דָּנִיֵּאל
    2. 514163
    3. Dāniyyʼēl
    4. -
    5. 1841
    6. S-Np
    7. Daniel
    8. -
    9. Person=Daniel; Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359535
    1. הֻעַל
    2. 514164
    3. he was brought
    4. -
    5. 5954
    6. V-VHp3ms
    7. he_was_brought
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359536
    1. קֳדָם
    2. 514165
    3. before
    4. -
    5. 6925
    6. S-R
    7. before
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359537
    1. מַלְכָּ,א
    2. 514166,514167
    3. Oh/the king
    4. -
    5. 4430
    6. S-Ncmsd,Td
    7. Oh/the=king
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359538
    1. עָנֵה
    2. 514168
    3. +was replying
    4. -
    5. 6032
    6. V-Vqrmsa
    7. [was]_replying
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359539
    1. מַלְכָּ,א
    2. 514169,514170
    3. Oh/the king
    4. -
    5. 4430
    6. S-Ncmsd,Td
    7. Oh/the=king
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359540
    1. וְ,אָמַר
    2. 514171,514172
    3. and saying(ms)
    4. -
    5. 560
    6. SV-C,Vqrmsa
    7. and=saying(ms)
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359541
    1. לְ,דָנִיֵּאל
    2. 514173,514174
    3. to/for Dāniyyʼēl
    4. -
    5. 1841
    6. S-R,Np
    7. to/for=Dāniyy\sup ʼēl\sup*
    8. -
    9. Person=Daniel; Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359542
    1. אנתה
    2. 514175
    3. you
    4. -
    5. 607
    6. -Pp2ms
    7. you
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359543
    2. 514176
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 359544
    2. 514177
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 359545
    1. הוּא
    2. 514178
    3. he
    4. -
    5. 1932
    6. S-Ta
    7. he
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359546
    1. דָנִיֵּאל
    2. 514179
    3. +are Dāniyyʼēl
    4. -
    5. 1841
    6. P-Np
    7. [are]_Daniel
    8. -
    9. Person=Daniel; Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359547
    1. דִּי
    2. 514180
    3. who
    4. -
    5. 1768
    6. P-Tr
    7. who
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359548
    2. 514181
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 359549
    1. מִן
    2. 514182
    3. +is one of
    4. -
    5. 4481
    6. P-R
    7. [is]_one_of
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359550
    2. 514183
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 359551
    1. בְּנֵי
    2. 514184
    3. the sons of
    4. -
    5. 1123
    6. P-Ncmpc
    7. the_sons_of
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359552
    1. גָלוּתָ,א
    2. 514185,514186
    3. the exile
    4. exiles
    5. 1547
    6. P-Ncfsd,Td
    7. of,the_exile
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359553
    1. דִּי
    2. 514187
    3. of
    4. -
    5. 1768
    6. P-Tr
    7. (diy)_of
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359554
    1. יְהוּד
    2. 514188
    3. Yəhūdāh/(Judah)
    4. Yehudah
    5. 3061
    6. P-Np
    7. Judah
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359555
    1. דִּי
    2. 514189
    3. whom
    4. -
    5. 1768
    6. P-Tr
    7. whom
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359556
    1. הַיְתִי
    2. 514190
    3. he brought
    4. -
    5. 858
    6. P-Vhp3ms
    7. he_brought
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359557
    1. מַלְכָּ,א
    2. 514191,514192
    3. Oh/the king
    4. -
    5. 4430
    6. V-Ncmsd,Td
    7. Oh/the=king
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359558
    1. אַבִ,י
    2. 514193,514194
    3. father of my
    4. father
    5. 2
    6. S-Ncmsc,Sp1cs
    7. father_of,my
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359559
    1. מִן
    2. 514195
    3. from
    4. -
    5. 4481
    6. S-R
    7. from
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359560
    2. 514196
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 359561
    1. יְהוּד
    2. 514197
    3. Yəhūdāh
    4. -
    5. 3061
    6. P-Np
    7. Judah
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359562
    2. 514198
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-sof-pasuq
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 359563

OET (OET-LV) in_then Dāniyyʼēl he_was_brought before Oh/the_king Oh/the_king was_replying and_saying(ms) to/for_Dāniyyʼēl you[fn] he are_Dāniyyʼēl who is_one_of the_sons_of the_exile of Yəhūdāh/(Judah) whom he_brought Oh/the_king father_of_my from Yəhūdāh.

5:13 OSHB variant note: אנתה: (x-qere) ’אַנְתְּ’: lemma_607 morph_APp2ms id_27ouG אַנְתְּ

OET (OET-RV) So Daniel was brought in to the king who said to him, “So, you’re that Daniel—one of the exiles that my father the king brought from Yehudah.

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 5:1–31: God judged King Belshazzar

The author continued to write in the Aramaic language. He wrote about how King Belshazzar gave a big banquet and made use of the sacred treasures from the Jerusalem temple. Belshazzar saw a hand writing a mysterious message on the wall. Only Daniel was able to explain the message, that God was about to punish Belshazzar. That same night an army of Medes and Persians conquered the city and killed Belshazzar.

English versions give different headings to Daniel 5. These include:

The Handwriting on the Wall (GW)

The Writing on the Wall (NIV)

King Belshazzar’s Banquet (CEV)

In some languages it may be more natural to write the heading in the form of a clause. For example, you could say:

King Belshazzar saw a hand write on the wall.

King Belshazzar had/gave a banquet/feast.

Some versions give headings to the subsections of Daniel 5. For example, the NLT has two headings:

The Writing on the Wall (5:1)

Daniel explains the writing (5:13)

The NRSV has three headings:

Belshazzar’s Feast (5:1)

The Writing on the Wall (5:5)

The Writing on the Wall Interpreted (5:13)

You should decide the number of headings that is best in your translation. The purpose of headings is to help readers to follow the events of the story. Headings also help the reader understand the relationships between the different parts of the story. You should try not to have more headings than necessary.

Historical Background:

Nabonidus was the king of Babylon from 556 to 539 B.C. Historical records indicate that he married Nitocris, the daughter of Nebuchadnezzar, and that Belshazzar was their oldest son.See the ancient Greek historian Herodotus and the Nabonidus Chronicles. While Nabonidus was absent from Babylon during the last ten years of his reign, Belshazzar acted as king in his place.

Daniel 5 describes the last night of the Babylonian empire. From other historic sources we know that Cyrus, the king of Persia, attacked the Babylonian army during the 7th month of the year 539 B.C. On the 15th day of that month, they attacked the town of Sippar and King Nabonidus fled. The next day Cyrus’ army entered the city of Babylon without any battle and killed its ruler, Belshazzar. Daniel 5 describes what Belshazzar was doing on the last day of the Babylonian empire.

Paragraph 5:13–16

The king summoned Daniel and asked him to interpret the writing on the wall. Some versions have a new heading at this verse.The NLT has: “Daniel Explains the Writing.” The NRSV has: “The Writing on the Wall Interpreted.” The GNT has: “Daniel Explains the Writing.”

5:13a

So Daniel was brought before the king,

So: The Aramaic connector that the BSB translates as So and the RSV as “Then” here introduces a new stage in the action. The king did summon Daniel, and he arrived. Introduce this next event in the story in a way that is natural in your language. In some languages it may be natural to supply the implied information that the king did as the queen suggested. For example:

So that is what the king did.

So the king summoned Daniel

Daniel was brought before the king: Daniel entered the king’s presence. In the Aramaic text, as in the BSB this is a passive clause. In some languages it may be more natural to use an active verb and supply a subject. For example:

they brought Daniel to the king (NCV)

the king’s servants brought Daniel to the king

a messenger ordered Daniel to come to the king, and he came

before the king: This expression describes a situation where a person of lower status comes to a person of higher status or authority. Some English versions have:

into the king’s presence (NJB)

into the royal presence (REB)

Translate this idea in a way that is natural in your language.

5:13b

who asked him, “Are you Daniel,

who asked him: The Aramaic expression that the BSB translates as asked is literally “answering and saying.” This expression implies that the king was about to say something new or important. Try to show this in a way that is natural in your language. For example, you may be able to communicate the same idea with one verb:

The king declared to Daniel

The king addressed Daniel (NJPS)

If you translate the quotation that follows as a question, it may be natural to say:

the king asked him

Are you Daniel…?: Scholars have punctuated this clause in two ways:

  1. as a question. The king was asking Daniel for confirmation of his identity. For example:

    Is your name Daniel….? (NCV) (BSB, NIV, NJB, GW, NLT, GNT, NCV, KJV, NASB, NET)

  2. as a statement. For example:

    So you are Daniel (NRSV) (RSV/NRSV, CEV, ESV)

The function of this speech is to confirm and emphasize Daniel’s identity. The king already expected to see Daniel and had received information about him. Consider how it is natural in your language for a person of authority, such as a judge, to receive confirmation of the identity of an inferior. Translate this using the form that is most natural in your language, either as a statement or as a question, real or rhetorical. The king was expressing surprise, curiosity, and perhaps even disdain.

5:13c

one of the exiles my father the king brought from Judah?

one of the exiles my father the king brought from Judah: The Aramaic text is more literally “one of the sons of the exile of Judah whom my father the king brought from Judah.” The BSB and several other modern translations have chosen not to repeat the place name Judah. The king probably repeated this name to emphasize Daniel’s low status. The king wanted to make Daniel seem foreign, unimportant. Try to reflect this emphasis in your translation. For example:

one of those Jewish exiles/deportees whom my father the king brought into the country

one of the exiles: An “exile” is a person whom others have forced to leave his country. The Babylonian army under Nebuchadnezzar had taken many young Jewish men away from their homeland. See 1:1–5. Daniel was among these young men. The Babylonian soldiers had brought him to Babylon to serve the Babylonian empire and king. See the Notes at 2:25b. Here are some other ways to translate this phrase:

one of the Jewish exiles (GNT)

one of those men whom our(excl) army captured

one of the captives (GW)

my father the king brought from Judah: King Nebuchadnezzar’s army had conquered Judah and forced many Jewish youths to leave their homes and come to Babylonia. See the Notes at 1:3b. The king himself had not personally brought the exiles to Babylon. He had ordered his soldiers to bring them. In some languages it may be necessary to supply this implied information. For example:

the king ordered his soldiers to bring

whom his soldiers brought back from Judah

whom the king deported from Judah

The king deliberately focused on Daniel’s inferior status as an exile from Judah. This was in contrast to the status of King Nebuchadnezzar, whom he called his father.

my father the king: The actual relationship between Nebuchadnezzar and Belshazzar is uncertain. It is possible that Belshazzar’s mother was Nebuchadnezzar’s daughter. The Aramaic word that the BSB translates as father may also mean “grandfather, ancestor, founder, predecessor.” See the Notes at 5:11b–c. Translate this here as you did there. For example:

my predecessor, King Nebuchadnezzar (NLT)

If the word for father in your language can also mean “ancestor” or “predecessor” you can translate literally here. It may help to add a footnote that explains the possible meanings of “father” in Aramaic.

from Judah: See the Notes on Judah in 1:1a. This name here refers to the kingdom of Judah. Judah was the homeland of Daniel and the other exiles.

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

בֵּ⁠אדַ֨יִן֙ דָּֽנִיֵּ֔אל הֻעַ֖ל קֳדָ֣ם מַלְכָּ֑⁠א

in=then Dāniyy\sup_ʼēl brought_in before Oh/the=king

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Then they brought Daniel before the king” or “Then the soldiers brought Daniel before the king”

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

דִּ֥י הַיְתִ֛י מַלְכָּ֥⁠א אַ֖בִ⁠י מִן־יְהֽוּד

that/who brought Oh/the=king father_of,my from/more_than Yehud

In this phrase father is being used to represent all of the soldiers. Alternate translation: “whom my father’s soldiers brought out of Judah”

TSN Tyndale Study Notes:

5:1-30 Earthly kingdoms all pass away. As Nebuchadnezzar’s dream implied, Babylon would pass away and a new sovereign kingdom would take its place (2:39). After Nebuchadnezzar’s death in 562 BC, violence and debauchery increased in the palaces of Babylon until, during Belshazzar’s feast in 539 BC, even God’s holy vessels were polluted and defiled. God’s judgment came with lightning swiftness that night (5:30), and the next kingdom took over (see 2:32, 39; 5:31).

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Hebrew word
    5. Hebrew lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. in then
    2. -
    3. 846,3
    4. A
    5. 514161,514162
    6. S-R,D
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359534
    1. Dāniyyʼēl
    2. -
    3. 1761
    4. A
    5. 514163
    6. S-Np
    8. -
    9. Person=Daniel; Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359535
    1. he was brought
    2. -
    3. 5577
    4. A
    5. 514164
    6. V-VHp3ms
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359536
    1. before
    2. -
    3. 6789
    4. A
    5. 514165
    6. S-R
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359537
    1. Oh/the king
    2. -
    3. 4308,1
    4. A
    5. 514166,514167
    6. S-Ncmsd,Td
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359538
    1. Oh/the king
    2. -
    3. 4308,1
    4. A
    5. 514169,514170
    6. S-Ncmsd,Td
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359540
    1. +was replying
    2. -
    3. 5595
    4. A
    5. 514168
    6. V-Vqrmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359539
    1. and saying(ms)
    2. -
    3. 1987,173
    4. A
    5. 514171,514172
    6. SV-C,Vqrmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359541
    1. to/for Dāniyyʼēl
    2. -
    3. 3705,1761
    4. A
    5. 514173,514174
    6. S-R,Np
    8. -
    9. Person=Daniel; Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359542
    1. you
    2. -
    4. AK
    5. 514175
    6. -Pp2ms
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359543
    1. he
    2. -
    3. 539
    4. A
    5. 514178
    6. S-Ta
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359546
    1. +are Dāniyyʼēl
    2. -
    3. 1978
    4. A
    5. 514179
    6. P-Np
    8. -
    9. Person=Daniel; Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359547
    1. who
    2. -
    3. 1761
    4. A
    5. 514180
    6. P-Tr
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359548
    1. +is one of
    2. -
    3. 1654
    4. A
    5. 514182
    6. P-R
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359550
    1. the sons of
    2. -
    3. 4129
    4. A
    5. 514184
    6. P-Ncmpc
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359552
    1. the exile
    2. exiles
    3. 1136
    4. A
    5. 514185,514186
    6. P-Ncfsd,Td
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359553
    1. of
    2. -
    3. 1534,1
    4. A
    5. 514187
    6. P-Tr
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359554
    1. Yəhūdāh/(Judah)
    2. Yehudah
    3. 1654
    4. A
    5. 514188
    6. P-Np
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359555
    1. whom
    2. -
    3. 2921
    4. A
    5. 514189
    6. P-Tr
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359556
    1. he brought
    2. -
    3. 1654
    4. A
    5. 514190
    6. P-Vhp3ms
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359557
    1. Oh/the king
    2. -
    3. 244
    4. A
    5. 514191,514192
    6. V-Ncmsd,Td
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359558
    1. father of my
    2. father
    3. 4308,1
    4. A
    5. 514193,514194
    6. S-Ncmsc,Sp1cs
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359559
    1. from
    2. -
    3. 446,1978
    4. A
    5. 514195
    6. S-R
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359560
    1. Yəhūdāh
    2. -
    3. 4129
    4. A
    5. 514197
    6. P-Np
    8. -
    9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
    10. 359562

OET (OET-LV) in_then Dāniyyʼēl he_was_brought before Oh/the_king Oh/the_king was_replying and_saying(ms) to/for_Dāniyyʼēl you[fn] he are_Dāniyyʼēl who is_one_of the_sons_of the_exile of Yəhūdāh/(Judah) whom he_brought Oh/the_king father_of_my from Yəhūdāh.

5:13 OSHB variant note: אנתה: (x-qere) ’אַנְתְּ’: lemma_607 morph_APp2ms id_27ouG אַנְתְּ

OET (OET-RV) So Daniel was brought in to the king who said to him, “So, you’re that Daniel—one of the exiles that my father the king brought from Yehudah.

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The Hebrew text, lemmas, and morphology are all thanks to the OSHB and some of the glosses are from Macula Hebrew.OET logo mark

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