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Hos C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10 C11 C12 C13 C14

Hos 2 V1 V2 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10 V11 V12 V13 V14 V15 V16 V17 V18 V19 V20 V21 V22 V23

OET interlinear HOS 2:3

◄ ← HOS 2:3 ↓ → ► ║ ≡ ©

Hebrew word order

    1. Hebrew word
    2. Hebrew lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    2. 520593
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -
    8. S
    9. -
    10. 363816
    1. פֶּן
    2. 520594
    3. lest
    4. -
    5. 6435
    6. S-C
    7. lest
    8. -
    9. Y-785; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 363817
    2. 520595
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 363818
    1. אַפְשִׁיטֶ,נָּה
    2. 520596,520597
    3. I should strip her
    4. I'll strip her
    5. 6584
    6. VO-Vhi1cs,Sp3fs
    7. I,should_strip_her
    8. -
    9. Y-785; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 363819
    1. עֲרֻמָּה
    2. 520598
    3. naked
    4. naked
    5. 6174
    6. S-Aafsa
    7. naked
    8. -
    9. Y-785; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 363820
    1. וְ,הִצַּגְתִּי,הָ
    2. 520599,520600,520601
    3. and I will exhibit her
    4. ≈and expose her
    5. 3322
    6. VO-C,Vhq1cs,Sp3fs
    7. and,I,will_exhibit_her
    8. -
    9. Y-785; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 363821
    1. כְּ,יוֹם
    2. 520602,520603
    3. like the day of
    4. like the day
    5. 3117
    6. S-R,Ncmsc
    7. like,the_day_of
    8. -
    9. Y-785; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 363822
    1. הִוָּלְדָ,הּ
    2. 520604,520605
    3. she was born
    4. she was born
    5. 3205
    6. VS-VNc,Sp3fs
    7. she,was_born
    8. -
    9. Y-785; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 363823
    1. וְ,שַׂמְתִּי,הָ
    2. 520606,520607,520608
    3. and I will make her
    4. I will make her
    6. VO-C,Vqp1cs,Sp3fs
    7. and,I,will_make_her
    8. -
    9. Y-785; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 363824
    1. כַ,מִּדְבָּר
    2. 520609,520610
    3. like wilderness
    4. like wilderness
    6. S-Rd,Ncmsa
    7. like,wilderness
    8. -
    9. Y-785; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 363825
    1. וְ,שַׁתִּ,הָ
    2. 520611,520612,520613
    3. and I will make her
    4. ≈and make her
    5. 7896
    6. VO-C,Vqq1cs,Sp3fs
    7. and,I,will_make_her
    8. -
    9. Y-785; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 363826
    1. כְּ,אֶרֶץ
    2. 520614,520615
    3. like a land
    4. like a land
    5. 776
    6. S-R,Ncbsa
    7. like,a_land
    8. -
    9. Y-785; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 363827
    1. צִיָּה
    2. 520616
    3. dryness
    4. -
    5. 6723
    6. S-Ncfsa
    7. dryness
    8. -
    9. Y-785; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 363828
    1. וַ,הֲמִתִּי,הָ
    2. 520617,520618,520619
    3. and I should make her die
    4. →and I'll make her die
    5. 4191
    6. VO-C,Vhq1cs,Sp3fs
    7. and,I,should_make_her_die
    8. -
    9. Y-785; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 363829
    1. בַּ,צָּמָא
    2. 520620,520621
    3. with thirst
    4. thirst
    5. 6772
    6. S-Rd,Ncmsa
    7. with,thirst
    8. -
    9. Y-785; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 363830
    2. 520622
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-sof-pasuq
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 363831

OET-LV (HOS 2:5) [fn] lest I_should_strip_her naked and_I_will_exhibit_her like_the_day_of she_was_born and_I_will_make_her like_wilderness and_I_will_make_her like_a_land dryness and_I_should_make_her_die with_thirst.

_C2.htm#C2V3">2:5 Note: KJB: Hos.2.3

OET (OET-RV) If she doesn’t, I’ll strip her naked
 ⇔ ≈ and expose her like on the day she was born.
 ⇔ I will make her like the wilderness,
 ⇔ ≈ and make her like a sun-baked land,
 ⇔ → and I’ll make her die from thirst.

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 2:2–13: The LORD promised to punish the people of Israel

In this section, the LORD described the crisis that resulted from Israel being unfaithful to him by following other gods. He warned Israel about the punishment that he would inflict on them if they continued their unfaithfulness. There is a sharp contrast between the negative tone in this section and the positive tone in the previous one.

The first words of this section seem to be a command by Hosea to his children. He commanded them to rebuke their mother (2:2a). However, the words “declares the LORD” in 2:13c indicate that the LORD is the speaker throughout this section. The reason for this double reference is that this section has both literal and figurative meanings. Literally, it applies to the relationship between Hosea, his wife Gomer, and their children. Figuratively, it expresses the relationship between the LORD and Israel. In a complex metaphor, the nation of Israel is compared to the LORD’s wife. At the same time, the entire nation of Israel is compared to a mother, and the individual Israelites that made up the nation are compared to her children.Andersen and Freedman (pages 219–220) and Wood (page 175).

Here are some other possible headings for this section:

The LORD’s future punishment of Israel

Israel is the Lord’s unfaithful wife (GW)

Unfaithful Gomer—Unfaithful Israel (GNT)

Paragraph 2:2–5

This paragraph contains the first examples in Hosea of Hebrew poetry, including the use of parallel lines. See The form in the Introduction for more information on formatting poetry and translating parallel lines.

2:3a–b

(combined/reordered)

Notice the parallel parts that are similar in meaning:

3aI will strip her naked

3band expose her like the day of her birth.

Both lines refer to the punishment of taking off the clothes of the adulteress so that she will be naked in public.

These statements also illustrate what the LORD threatens to do to the nation of Israel. To “strip her naked” may indicate that the LORD will remove everything he has given to her since the time he rescued her from Egypt. The “day of her birth” may refer to the time in the wilderness before Israel entered the Promised Land.Macintosh (page 44) and Andersen and Freedman (page 225). Compare to Ezekiel 16. In some translations, it may be appropriate to explain this symbolic meaning in a footnote.

2:3a

Otherwise, I will strip her naked

Otherwise: This word introduces a list of ways (2:3a–e) that the wife will be punished if she does not stop her immoral behavior.

Here are some other ways to express this relationship in 2:3a:

lest I strip her naked (RSV)

or else I shall strip her bare (REB)

If she refuses, I will strip her. (GW)

Use a natural way in your language to express this relationship.

2:3b

and expose her like the day of her birth.

expose her like the day of her birth: When a child is born, it is bare/naked. Instead of making explicit the idea of exposing the woman in public, some versions make explicit the idea of being naked to make the meaning clearer in English. For example:

make her as bare as on the day… (NIV)

strip her as naked as she was on the day… (GNT)

General Comment on 2:3a–b

In some languages, it may be clearer to combine the parallel ideas into one line. For example:

I will strip her as naked as she was on the day she was born. (GNT)

2:3c–d

(combined/reordered)

Notice the parallel parts that are similar in meaning:

3cI will make her like a desert

3dand turn her into a parched land,

In these lines, the husband threatens to deprive his wife of food and water as if she were in a dry desert/wilderness area.The BART interlinear glosses this term as “wilderness.” TWOT (#399l) also uses the term “wilderness.” A “parched land” is a land that has no water. These statements are figures of speech. They illustrate what the LORD will do to the nation of Israel.

General Comment on 2:3c–d

In some languages, it may be more natural to combine and/or reorder these parallel statements. For example:

I will make her like a dry and barren land. (GNT)

2:3c

I will make her like a desert

2:3d

and turn her into a parched land,

2:3e

and I will let her die of thirst.

and I will let her die of thirst: In Hebrew, this phrase is literally “I should make her die with thirst.”The phrase “let her die of thirst” may refer to the wife or to the people of Israel (Andersen and Freedman, page 227; McComiskey, page 33). It may also refer to the land of Israel becoming infertile (Macintosh, pages 44–45). Some versions do not state explicitly that the LORD will cause her death. For example:

she will die of thirst (GNT)

This may be a good option in some languages, if the context clearly implies that the LORD will cause this to happen.

General Comment on 2:3c–e

In some languages, it may be more natural to combine and/or reorder these lines. For example:

I will leave her to die of thirst, as in a dry and barren wilderness. (NLT)

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: grammar-connect-logic-result

פֶּן

(Some words not found in UHB: lest I,should_strip_her naked and,I,will_exhibit_her like,the_day_of she,was_born and,I,will_make_her like,wilderness and,I,will_make_her like,a_land parched and,I,should_make_her_die with,thirst )

The word translated as lest indicates that what follows is a negative result of the mother not doing what was commanded in the previous verse. Use a connector in your language that makes this clear. Alternate translation: [or else]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / parallelism

פֶּן־אַפְשִׁיטֶ֣⁠נָּה עֲרֻמָּ֔ה וְ⁠הִ֨צַּגְתִּ֔י⁠הָ כְּ⁠י֖וֹם הִוָּֽלְדָ֑⁠הּ

lest I,should_strip_her naked and,I,will_exhibit_her like,the_day_of she,was_born

These two clauses mean basically the same thing. The second emphasizes the meaning of the first by repeating the same idea with different words. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could combine them and express the emphasis in another way as modeled in the UST. Another approach would be to connect the phrases with a word other than and in order to show that the second phrase is repeating the first one, not saying something additional. Alternate translation: [indeed, place her as on the day of her being born]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / simile

וְ⁠שַׂמְתִּ֣י⁠הָ כַ⁠מִּדְבָּ֗ר

and,I,will_make_her like,wilderness

The point of this comparison is that just as the wilderness is barren and desolate, so Yahweh will make Israel. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this point explicitly. Alternate translation: [and I make her barren and desolate as the wilderness]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / simile

וְ⁠שַׁתִּ֨⁠הָ֙ כְּ⁠אֶ֣רֶץ צִיָּ֔ה

and,I,will_make_her like,a_land parched

The point of this comparison is that just as a land of dryness is lifeless and unproductive, so Yahweh will make Israel. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this point explicitly. Alternate translation: [and make her as lifeless and unproductive as a dry land]

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Hebrew word
    5. Hebrew lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. lest
    2. -
    3. 6267
    4. פֶּן
    5. 520594
    6. S-C
    7. lest
    8. -
    9. Y-785; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 363817
    1. I should strip her
    2. I'll strip her
    3. 6422,1978
    4. אַפְשִׁיטֶ֣,נָּה
    5. 520596,520597
    6. VO-Vhi1cs,Sp3fs
    7. I,should_strip_her
    8. -
    9. Y-785; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 363819
    1. naked
    2. naked
    3. 6018
    4. עֲרֻמָּ֔ה
    5. 520598
    6. S-Aafsa
    7. naked
    8. -
    9. Y-785; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 363820
    1. and I will exhibit her
    2. ≈and expose her
    3. 1987,3273,1978
    4. וְ,הִ֨צַּגְתִּ֔י,הָ
    5. 520599,520600,520601
    6. VO-C,Vhq1cs,Sp3fs
    7. and,I,will_exhibit_her
    8. -
    9. Y-785; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 363821
    1. like the day of
    2. like the day
    3. 3418,3371
    4. כְּ,י֖וֹם
    5. 520602,520603
    6. S-R,Ncmsc
    7. like,the_day_of
    8. -
    9. Y-785; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 363822
    1. she was born
    2. she was born
    3. 3233,1978
    4. הִוָּֽלְדָ֑,הּ
    5. 520604,520605
    6. VS-VNc,Sp3fs
    7. she,was_born
    8. -
    9. Y-785; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 363823
    1. and I will make her
    2. I will make her
    3. 1987,8148,1978
    4. וְ,שַׂמְתִּ֣י,הָ
    5. 520606,520607,520608
    6. VO-C,Vqp1cs,Sp3fs
    7. and,I,will_make_her
    8. -
    9. Y-785; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 363824
    1. like wilderness
    2. like wilderness
    3. 3418,4057
    4. כַ,מִּדְבָּ֗ר
    5. 520609,520610
    6. S-Rd,Ncmsa
    7. like,wilderness
    8. -
    9. Y-785; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 363825
    1. and I will make her
    2. ≈and make her
    3. 1987,7555,1978
    4. וְ,שַׁתִּ֨,הָ֙
    5. 520611,520612,520613
    6. VO-C,Vqq1cs,Sp3fs
    7. and,I,will_make_her
    8. -
    9. Y-785; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 363826
    1. like a land
    2. like a land
    3. 3418,422
    4. כְּ,אֶ֣רֶץ
    5. 520614,520615
    6. S-R,Ncbsa
    7. like,a_land
    8. -
    9. Y-785; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 363827
    1. dryness
    2. -
    3. 6539
    4. צִיָּ֔ה
    5. 520616
    6. S-Ncfsa
    7. dryness
    8. -
    9. Y-785; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 363828
    1. and I should make her die
    2. →and I'll make her die
    3. 1987,4867,1978
    4. וַ,הֲמִתִּ֖י,הָ
    5. 520617,520618,520619
    6. VO-C,Vhq1cs,Sp3fs
    7. and,I,should_make_her_die
    8. -
    9. Y-785; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 363829
    1. with thirst
    2. thirst
    3. 846,6659
    4. בַּ,צָּמָֽא
    5. 520620,520621
    6. S-Rd,Ncmsa
    7. with,thirst
    8. -
    9. Y-785; TProphecies_of_Hosea
    10. 363830

OET-LV (HOS 2:5) [fn] lest I_should_strip_her naked and_I_will_exhibit_her like_the_day_of she_was_born and_I_will_make_her like_wilderness and_I_will_make_her like_a_land dryness and_I_should_make_her_die with_thirst.

_C2.htm#C2V3">2:5 Note: KJB: Hos.2.3

OET (OET-RV) If she doesn’t, I’ll strip her naked
 ⇔ ≈ and expose her like on the day she was born.
 ⇔ I will make her like the wilderness,
 ⇔ ≈ and make her like a sun-baked land,
 ⇔ → and I’ll make her die from thirst.

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The Hebrew text, lemmas, and morphology are all thanks to the OSHB and some of the glosses are from Macula Hebrew.OET logo mark

◄ ← HOS 2:3 ↑ → ► ║ ≡ ©