HOS 2:22 Interlinear View

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 2:14–23: The LORD promised to renew his covenant with them

The purpose of the punishment in 2:1–13 was to make the people of Israel realize that their worship of false gods would result in harm. In this section, 2:14–23, the LORD showed that he continued to love the people of Israel. If they worshiped him, he would bless them and not harm them. In spite of their past sins, he would reestablish a covenant with them. In this section, the tone switches from negative to positive, so there is a sharp contrast between the previous section and this one.

Here are some other examples of section headings:

Future Repentance and Restoration of Israel (NET)

The Lord’s Love for Unfaithful Israel (NLT)

Paragraph 2:21–22

The overall meaning of this paragraph is that the LORD will respond to the situation in the land of Israel and will send rain, causing the earth to produce good crops.Wood (page 180). This response contrasts with the earlier agricultural disasters with which the LORD punished Israel. (2:9, 2:12).

2:22a

And the earth will respond to the grain, to the new wine and oil,

Then the earth will answer the grain, the grapevines, and the olive trees that plead for moisture.
And the ground throughout Israel will produce a good harvest of grain, grapes for making wine, and olives for making oil.

And the earth will respond to the grain, to the new wine and oil: This figurative statement implies that the earth will respond to a request from its produce (grain, wine, and oil) that it provide the moisture or fertile soil that the plants need.

Here are some other ways to translate this figurative statement:

Make some of the implied information explicit. For example:
Then the earth will answer the thirsty cries of the grain, the grapes, and the olive trees for moisture. (NLT96)
If the figure of the earth answering a request from its crops is not meaningful in your language, translate the meaning directly. For example:
and the earth will produce grain and grapes and olives. (GNT)

The first option forms a better parallel with 2:21b. For the terms grain, new wine, and oil, see the notes in 2:8b.

the new wine: Here the term new wine is probably a figure of speech that represents the grapevines or grapes that were the source of the wine. For example:

grapevines (NLT)

grapes (GNT)

Translate this term in a way that makes good sense in this context.

2:22b

and they will respond to Jezreel.

And they will answer the request of my people, Jezreel for an abundant harvest.
This good harvest will satisfy the desires/needs of my people, who are called Jezreel.

and they will respond to Jezreel: This figurative statement implies that the crops mentioned in 2:22a will respond to the request from Jezreel for a plentiful harvest. Here the name Jezreel represents the nation or people of Israel.

Here are some other ways to translate this figurative statement:

Make some of the implied information explicit. For example:
They will answer the request of my people, Jezreel, for a plentiful harvest.
If the figure of crops answering a nation is not meaningful in your language, translate the meaning directly. For example:
These crops will supply the desire of my people, Jezreel, for a good harvest.

Jezreel: Hosea’s audience understood three things from the term Jezreel:NET footnote.

The Hebrew word sounds like the word for “Israel” and refers to it.Wood (page 180) and NET footnote.
The Hebrew word in the context of the following verse means “God plants.”
This is the name of Hosea’s first son. His name referred to the bloodshed of Jehu in the Jezreel Valley. Here the positive use of the word Jezreel changes the negative use of the same word in 1:4–5.

You may want to include this information in a footnote. Following is an example based on the NET footnote:

The Hebrew word “Jezreel” implies three things here: (1) The name “Jezreel” sounds similar to the name “Israel.” So to respond to Jezreel means to respond to Israel. (2) The name “Jezreel” here means “God plants.” (3) This good meaning of “Jezreel” changes the bad meaning of “Jezreel” in 1:4–5 (bloodshed of Jehu in the Jezreel Valley).

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / personification

וְ⁠הָ⁠אָ֣רֶץ תַּעֲנֶ֔ה אֶת־הַ⁠דָּגָ֖ן

(Some words not found in UHB: and,I,will_betroth_you to=me in,faithfulness and,you_will_know DOM YHWH )

Yahweh continues speaking of the earth as if it were a living thing that could answer by producing grain, new wine, and oil. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [And the earth will do its part by producing grain]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / personification

וְ⁠הֵ֖ם יַעֲנ֥וּ אֶֽת־יִזְרְעֶֽאל

(Some words not found in UHB: and,I,will_betroth_you to=me in,faithfulness and,you_will_know DOM YHWH )

The speaker is speaking of the grain, new wine, and oil as if they were living things that could answer Jezreel by providing for the people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [and they, in turn, will provide for Jezreel]

Note 3 topic: translate-names

יִזְרְעֶֽאל

(Some words not found in UHB: and,I,will_betroth_you to=me in,faithfulness and,you_will_know DOM YHWH )

The word Jezreel is the name of a city and a valley. It means “God sows.” You could include this information in a footnote if that would be helpful to your readers.

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The Hebrew text, lemmas, and morphology are all thanks to the OSHB and some of the glosses are from Macula Hebrew.

OET interlinear HOS 2:22

Hebrew word order

Section 2:14–23: The LORD promised to renew his covenant with them

Paragraph 2:21–22

2:22a

2:22b

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)