OET interlinear YAC (JAM) 1:11

uW Translation Notes:

ἀνέτειλεν γὰρ ὁ ἥλιος σὺν τῷ καύσωνι, καὶ ἐξήρανεν τὸν χόρτον, καὶ τὸ ἄνθος αὐτοῦ ἐξέπεσεν, καὶ ἡ εὐπρέπεια τοῦ προσώπου αὐτοῦ ἀπώλετο

rose for the sun with its scorching_heat and withered the grass and the flower ˱of˲_it fell_from and the beauty ˱of˲_the appearance ˱of˲_it perished

Here James is giving an illustration in the past tense as if he were telling the story of something that had happened. (See the discussion of this in Part 3 of the Introduction to James.) If it would be helpful in your language, you could translate this sentence with the present tense. Alternate translation: “For the sun rises with heat and dries up the grass, and its flower falls off and the beauty of its face perishes”

Note 1 topic: grammar-connect-logic-result

γὰρ

for

James uses For to introduce the reason for the result he implicitly described in the previous verse. Alternate translation: “This is because”

σὺν τῷ καύσωνι

with its scorching_heat

Here, heat could mean one of two things. (1) It could refer to intense, withering heat. Alternate translation: “and radiated withering heat” or, if you are using the present tense, “and radiates withering heat” (2) It could refer to a hot wind that occurs in full sunlight. Alternate translation: “and caused a hot wind” or, if you are using the present tense, “and causes a hot wind”

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

ἡ εὐπρέπεια τοῦ προσώπου αὐτοῦ ἀπώλετο

the beauty ˱of˲_the appearance ˱of˲_it perished

If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun beauty with an adjective such as “beautiful.” Alternate translation: “it no longer had a beautiful appearance”

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

ἡ εὐπρέπεια τοῦ προσώπου αὐτοῦ ἀπώλετο

the beauty ˱of˲_the appearance ˱of˲_it perished

James speaks of the wild flower as if it had a face. Alternate translation: “it no longer had a beautiful appearance”

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

ἡ εὐπρέπεια τοῦ προσώπου αὐτοῦ ἀπώλετο

the beauty ˱of˲_the appearance ˱of˲_it perished

James speaks of the flower’s beauty as if it perished or died. Alternate translation: “it no longer had a beautiful appearance”

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / simile

οὕτως καὶ

thus also

James uses the words Thus also to introduce a simile or comparison between a rich person and a fading flower. Alternate translation: “In the same way” or “Likewise”

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / nominaladj

ὁ πλούσιος

the the rich_‹man›

James is using the adjective rich as a noun in order to indicate a type of person. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you could translate this with an equivalent expression. Alternate translation: “a person who is rich”

Note 7 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

μαρανθήσεται

/will_be_being/_faded_away

James speaks of the rich person as if he were a flower that would wither. James means that this person will “die,” as UST indicates.

Note 8 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

ἐν ταῖς πορείαις αὐτοῦ

among the pursuits ˱of˲_him

James speaks of a rich person’s activities as if they were a journey that he was taking. This metaphor implies that he is giving no thought to his coming death and that it will take him by surprise. Alternate translation: “in the midst of his activities”