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Yacob/(James) C1 C2 C3 C4 C5

Yac 1 V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V10 V11 V12 V13 V14 V15 V16 V17 V18 V19 V20 V21 V22 V23 V24 V25 V26 V27

OET interlinear YAC (JAM) 1:9

← YAC (JAM) 1:9 ↓ → ► ║ ©

SR Greek word order

    1. Greek word
    2. Greek lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. καυχάσθω
    2. kauχaomai
    3. let be boasting
    4. boast
    5. 27440
    6. VMPM3··S
    7. ˓let_be˒ boasting
    8. ˓let_be˒ boasting
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 146564
    1. Δέ
    2. de
    3. And
    4. -
    5. 11610
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. PS
    10. Y60
    11. 146565
    1. ὁ
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····NMS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 146566
    1. ἀδελφός
    2. adelfos
    3. brother
    4. -
    5. 800
    6. N····NMS
    7. brother
    8. brother
    9. -
    10. Y60; F146573
    11. 146567
    1. ὁ
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····NMS
    7. ¬the
    8. ¬the
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 146568
    1. ταπεινός
    2. tapeinos
    3. humble
    4. humbler
    5. 50110
    6. A····NMS
    7. humble
    8. humble
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 146569
    1. ἐν
    2. en
    3. in
    4. -
    5. 17220
    6. P·······
    7. in
    8. in
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 146570
    1. τῷ
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····DNS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 146571
    1. ὕψει
    2. upsos
    3. height
    4. -
    5. 53110
    6. N····DNS
    7. height
    8. height
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 146572
    1. αὐτοῦ
    2. autos
    3. of him
    4. -
    5. 8460
    6. R···3GMS
    7. ˱of˲ him
    8. ˱of˲ him
    9. -
    10. Y60; R146567
    11. 146573

OET (OET-LV) And let_be_boasting the brother the humble, in the height of_him,

OET (OET-RV) Those of humbler means can boast about their greatness

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 1:2–11: James encouraged believers to continue to trust God during times of testing

The theme of this section is that it is important for Christians to continue to trust God when going through various kinds of trials or difficulties. These trials are a test of their faith (1:2–4). They need God’s wisdom in order to remain faithful to him, and so they should pray for wisdom (1:5). When they come to God in prayer, they should have an attitude of firm trust in him (1:6–8). Both poverty and wealth test a Christian. They should trust God whether rich or poor and learn to think about poverty and wealth as God does (1:9–11).

Some other possible headings for this section are:

Have faith and wisdom

When you have trials/tests, you must trust God

Be joyful when your faith is tested

Paragraph 1:9–11

Even if a Christian has a low position in society, he can rejoice. He can rejoice because, in God’s opinion, he is in a high position. Similarly, a Christian who is rich should have God’s opinion about himself. Although rich people are generally given high status because of their riches, rich Christians should rather value a low position and humble attitude. They should remember that our lives on earth are short and that riches will not last.

The theme of section 1:2–11 is that Christians should continue to trust God/Jesus when they have various kinds of tests/trials. Poverty is a kind of trial. It is also the result of the trial of being persecuted. Riches too may be a kind of test of faith. They test whether the Christian will trust God or his money. And for rich Christians who had lost wealth and status because of their faith in Christ, they should think of this in a positive way.

1:9a

The brother in humble circumstances

The brother: The word brother refers to any believer, whether male or female. Notice that although James used a singular noun, he was not referring to one person in particular. He was referring to poor believers in general. Consider whether it is more natural to use a singular or plural term here in your language.

Some other ways to translate this word are:

the believer (NET)

fellow believers

Any of God’s people (CEV)

The plural form of this same word occurs in 1:2a.

in humble circumstances: The Greek word that the BSB translates as in humble circumstances literally means “lowly” (as in the RSV). It refers to someone who is in a low position in society and whom others consider to be unimportant. It includes the idea of such a person being poor. So the person in humble circumstances is contrasted to “the one who is rich” in 1:10a.

Some other ways to translate this word are:

who are poor (GNT)

who is unimportant

who has a low status

1:9b

should exult in his high position.

should exult: The Greek word that the BSB translates as should exult usually means “boast.” In other words, it usually refers to talking about something that you are proud of. It can have either a positive or negative meaning.

Here it is clearly positive, and it refers to a way of thinking. Lowly, poor believers should “think very well of” or “highly value” their high position. This is because God thinks of them very highly and will reward them in the future.

Some other ways to translate this word are:

be glad (GNT)

think well/highly of

highly value

rejoice (KJV)

in his high position: The Greek phrase that the BSB translates as in his high position refers to his spiritual status as a Christian. Although other people may not consider a poor believer important, he is still important to God. This is what should give him pride and pleasure.

Some other ways to translate this phrase are:

that he is important to God

in his high status as a Christian

for God has honored them (NLT)

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

καυχάσθω δὲ ὁ ἀδελφὸς ὁ ταπεινὸς

˓let_be˒_boasting (Some words not found in SR-GNT: καυχάσθω Δέ ὁ ἀδελφός ὁ ταπεινός ἐν τῷ ὕψει αὐτοῦ)

James assumes that his readers will understand that he is using the word boast in a positive sense. He does not mean it in the sinful sense of bragging or vaunting oneself over others. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: [Now let the lowly brother take satisfaction]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

ὁ ἀδελφὸς ὁ ταπεινὸς

the ¬the (Some words not found in SR-GNT: καυχάσθω Δέ ὁ ἀδελφός ὁ ταπεινός ἐν τῷ ὕψει αὐτοῦ)

Since James contrasts this person with “the rich” in the next verse, he is using the word lowly as a spatial metaphor to mean “poor.” Alternate translation: [a believer who is poor]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

ἀδελφὸς

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: καυχάσθω Δέ ὁ ἀδελφός ὁ ταπεινός ἐν τῷ ὕψει αὐτοῦ)

James is using the term brother to refer to a fellow believer in Jesus. See how you translated brothers in [1:2](../01/02.md). Alternate translation: [believer]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

τῷ ὕψει αὐτοῦ

the height ˱of˲_him

If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun exaltation with an equivalent phrase. Alternate translation: [the high place he occupies]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

τῷ ὕψει αὐτοῦ

the height ˱of˲_him

James is using a spatial metaphor to describe poor believers as if they were in a high place. He wants to convey that God has shown special concern for them. Alternate translation: [the special concern that God has shown for him]

TSN Tyndale Study Notes:

1:9 something to boast about: In the New Testament, boasting is usually viewed negatively (3:14; 4:16; Eph 2:9), but here it means boasting about what God has done (Jas 2:5; Rom 15:18; 1 Cor 1:31; Gal 6:14).

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Greek word
    5. Greek lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. And
    2. -
    3. 11610
    4. PS
    5. de
    6. C-·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. PS
    10. Y60
    11. 146565
    1. let be boasting
    2. boast
    3. 27440
    5. kauχaomai
    6. V-MPM3··S
    7. ˓let_be˒ boasting
    8. ˓let_be˒ boasting
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 146564
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····NMS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 146566
    1. brother
    2. -
    3. 800
    5. adelfos
    6. N-····NMS
    7. brother
    8. brother
    9. -
    10. Y60; F146573
    11. 146567
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····NMS
    7. ¬the
    8. ¬the
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 146568
    1. humble
    2. humbler
    3. 50110
    5. tapeinos
    6. A-····NMS
    7. humble
    8. humble
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 146569
    1. in
    2. -
    3. 17220
    5. en
    6. P-·······
    7. in
    8. in
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 146570
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····DNS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 146571
    1. height
    2. -
    3. 53110
    5. upsos
    6. N-····DNS
    7. height
    8. height
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 146572
    1. of him
    2. -
    3. 8460
    5. autos
    6. R-···3GMS
    7. ˱of˲ him
    8. ˱of˲ him
    9. -
    10. Y60; R146567
    11. 146573

OET (OET-LV) And let_be_boasting the brother the humble, in the height of_him,

OET (OET-RV) Those of humbler means can boast about their greatness

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

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← YAC (JAM) 1:9 ↑ → ► ║ ©