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OET (OET-LV) Consequently the faith is by hearing, and the hearing by the_message of_chosen_one/messiah.
In this section Paul spoke about the Jews. They heard the good news about Jesus as the Christ/Messiah, but many did not believe it. God made some of them jealous of God bringing many non-Jews into his kingdom, even though they were not seeking him before they heard the good news. Paul then quoted Isaiah about the Jews being disobedient and opposing God.
Here are other possible headings for this section:
Many Jews have rejected the gospel of Jesus
Gentiles accept Jesus but Jews reject him
Consequently, faith comes by hearing,
Therefore, believing in Jesus happens from hearing about him,
So, people must hear the message and then they can believe it.
Therefore, people believe in Jesus as the Christ/Messiah because they have heard the message about him.
faith comes by hearing: The words comes by indicate that hearing is necessary before faith can begin. Here are other ways to translate this clause:
faith comes from what is heard (RSV)
all who did believe, believe because they heard the word they were toldOtomi Back Translation on TW.
man[kind] must first hear the news and only then can they believe.Uma Back Translation on TW.
faith: This word refers to believing in Jesus, that he is the Christ, the one whom God sent to save people from his anger. See how you translated this word in 10:6.
and hearing by the word of Christ.
and hearing about him happens by means of someone telling the message of Christ.
And someone must preach the message about Christ so they can hear it.
And people hear the/that message because someone preaches the talk about Christ.
hearing by the word of Christ: There is a textual issue in 10:17b: (1) Some Greek manuscripts have the word of-Christ (BSB, RSV, NIV, GNT, NJB, NASB, NABRE, ESV, REB, NLT, GW, NET, NCV). (2) Some Greek manuscripts have the word of-God (KJV only). It is recommended that you follow option (1). The word “comes” is implied here from 10:17a. Use the same word, phrase or grammar as you did there.
by the word of Christ: Here the word by indicates that someone speaks the word of Christ and others hear it.Jewett (page 642) says the word that the BSB translates as “by” “clearly indicates that the source of the hearing leading to faith is the preaching about Christ. Here are other ways to translate this phrase:
through the word of Christ being spoken
through preaching Christ (GNT)
the word of Christ: This phrase refers to the teachings about Christ.Jewett (page 642) says it is the word “that Paul and other early missionaries have proclaimed.” In many languages the word of allows for that meaning. Other languages must translate without of for the correct meaning. For example:
the word about Christ (NIV11)
Note 1 topic: grammar-connect-words-phrases
ἄρα
(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ἄρα ἡ πίστις ἐξ ἀκοῆς ἡ δέ ἀκοή διά ῥήματος Χριστοῦ)
Here, So indicates that what follows in this verse summarizes the ideas of [10:14–16](../10/14.md). If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a clearer expression. Alternate translation: [Finally] or [In summary]
Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns
ἡ πίστις
¬the faith_‹is›
If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of faith, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: [what someone believes]
Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit
ἡ πίστις
¬the faith_‹is›
Here, this faith refers to believing in Christ. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: [believing in Christ]
Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / ellipsis
ἐξ ἀκοῆς
by hearing
Paul is leaving out some of the words that a sentence would need in many languages to be complete. If it would be helpful in your language, you could supply these words from the context. Alternate translation: [is received by hearing]
Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / ellipsis
ἀκοῆς & ἀκοὴ
hearing & (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ἄρα ἡ πίστις ἐξ ἀκοῆς ἡ δέ ἀκοή διά ῥήματος Χριστοῦ)
Paul is leaving out some of the words that these sentences would need in many languages to be complete. If it would be helpful in your language, you could supply these words from the context. Alternate translation: [hearing about Jesus … hearing about him is]
Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / possession
ῥήματος Χριστοῦ
˓the˒_word ˱of˲_Christ
Paul is using the possessive form to describe the word that is about Christ. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: [the word about Christ]
Note 7 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns
ῥήματος
˓the˒_word
See how you translated this word in [10:8](../10/08.md).
OET (OET-LV) Consequently the faith is by hearing, and the hearing by the_message of_chosen_one/messiah.
Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.
Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.