OET interlinear ROM 5:21

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: grammar-connect-logic-goal

ἵνα

in_order_that

The phrase so that here introduces a purpose clause. Paul is stating the purpose for which God caused grace to abound, as stated in the previous verse. Use a natural way in your language for introducing a purpose clause. Alternate translation (without a comma preceding): [for the purpose that]

Note 2 topic: grammar-connect-words-phrases

ὥσπερ & οὕτως καὶ

as & thus (Some words not found in SR-GNT: ἵνα ὥσπερ ἐβασίλευσεν ἡ ἁμαρτία ἐν τῷ θανάτῳ οὕτως καί ἡ χάρις βασιλεύσῃ διά δικαιοσύνης εἰς ζωήν αἰώνιον διά Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν)

See how you translated just as and so also in the [5:19](../05/19.md).

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

ἡ ἁμαρτία ἐν τῷ θανάτῳ & ἡ χάρις & δικαιοσύνης & ζωὴν αἰώνιον

¬the sin in ¬the death & ¬the grace & righteousness & (Some words not found in SR-GNT: ἵνα ὥσπερ ἐβασίλευσεν ἡ ἁμαρτία ἐν τῷ θανάτῳ οὕτως καί ἡ χάρις βασιλεύσῃ διά δικαιοσύνης εἰς ζωήν αἰώνιον διά Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν)

See how you translated sin and grace in the previous verse, death and righteousness in [5:17](../05/17.md), and eternal life in [2:7](../02/07.md).

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / personification

ἐβασίλευσεν ἡ ἁμαρτία

reigned ¬the sin

Here Paul speaks of sin as if it were a king ruling over people. Paul means that everyone was controlled by their sinful desires. While death ruled in [5:14](../05/14.md), sin ruled after God gave the law. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [everyone was controlled by sin]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

ἐν τῷ θανάτῳ

in ¬the death

Here, in death could refer to: (1) the location in which sin ruled. Alternate translation: [in the place where death exists]; (2) the means by which sin ruled. Alternate translation: [by means of death]

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / personification

ἡ χάρις βασιλεύσῃ διὰ δικαιοσύνης

¬the ¬the grace ˓may˒_reign (Some words not found in SR-GNT: ἵνα ὥσπερ ἐβασίλευσεν ἡ ἁμαρτία ἐν τῷ θανάτῳ οὕτως καί ἡ χάρις βασιλεύσῃ διά δικαιοσύνης εἰς ζωήν αἰώνιον διά Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν)

Here Paul speaks of grace as if it were a king ruling over people. Paul means that God’s grace allows people to become righteous. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [how gracious God is might make people become righteous]

Note 7 topic: grammar-connect-logic-result

διὰ & διὰ

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: ἵνα ὥσπερ ἐβασίλευσεν ἡ ἁμαρτία ἐν τῷ θανάτῳ οὕτως καί ἡ χάρις βασιλεύσῃ διά δικαιοσύνης εἰς ζωήν αἰώνιον διά Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν)

See how you translated through in the [5:17–19](../05/17.md).

Note 8 topic: grammar-connect-logic-result

εἰς ζωὴν αἰώνιον

to (Some words not found in SR-GNT: ἵνα ὥσπερ ἐβασίλευσεν ἡ ἁμαρτία ἐν τῷ θανάτῳ οὕτως καί ἡ χάρις βασιλεύσῃ διά δικαιοσύνης εἰς ζωήν αἰώνιον διά Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν)

Here, to indicates that was follows is the result of God’s grace ruling through righteousness. Use a natural way in your language for indicating a reason. Alternate translation: [resulted in eternal life]

Note 9 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν

Jesus Christ the Lord ˱of˲_us

The phrase Jesus Christ our Lord refers to what Jesus did for believers in order for them to have eternal life. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: [what Jesus Christ our Lord has done for them]