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BSB § David brought out the people who were there and put them to work [fn] with saws, iron picks, and axes. And he did the same to all the Ammonite cities. Then David and all his troops returned to Jerusalem.
OEB No OEB 1CH book available
WEB He brought out the people who were in it, and had them cut with saws, with iron picks, and with axes. David did so to all the cities of the children of Ammon. Then David and all the people returned to Jerusalem.
WMB (Same as above)
NET He removed the city’s residents and made them do hard labor with saws, iron picks, and axes. This was his policy with all the Ammonite cities. Then David and all the army returned to Jerusalem.
LSV and he has brought out the people who [are] in it, and sets [them] to the saw, and to cutting instruments of iron, and to axes; and thus David does to all cities of the sons of Ammon, and David turns back—and all the people—to Jerusalem.
FBV David made the people there work with saws, iron picks, and axes. He also did the same to all the Ammonite towns. Then David and all his army returned to Jerusalem.
T4T Then they brought the people out of the city and forced them to work for their army, using saws and iron picks and axes. David’s soldiers did this in all the cities of the Ammon people-group. Then David and all of his army returned to Jerusalem.
LEB And the people who were in it he brought out, and he set them to work with saws and iron implements and axes.[fn] Thus David did to all the cities of theAmmonites.[fn] Then David returned, and all the nationwent with him.
¶
BBE And he took the people out of the town and put them to work with wood-cutting instruments, and iron grain-crushers, and axes. And this he did to all the towns of the children of Ammon. Then David and all the people went back to Jerusalem.
MOF No MOF 1CH book available
JPS And he brought forth the people that were therein, and cut them with saws, and with harrows of iron, and with axes. And thus did David unto all the cities of the children of Ammon. And David and all the people returned to Jerusalem.
ASV And he brought forth the people that were therein, and cut them with saws, and with harrows of iron, and with axes. And thus did David unto all the cities of the children of Ammon. And David and all the people returned to Jerusalem.
DRA And the people that were therein he brought out: and made harrows, and sleds, and chariots of iron to go over them, so that they were cut and bruised to pieces: in this manner David dealt with all the cities of the children of Ammon: and he returned with alibis people to Jerusalem.
YLT and the people who [are] in it he hath brought out, and setteth to the saw, and to cutting instruments of iron, and to axes; and thus doth David to all cities of the sons of Ammon, and David turneth back, and all the people, to Jerusalem.
DBY And he brought out the people that were in it, and cut them with the saw, and with harrows of iron, and with saws. And so David did to all the cities of the children of Ammon. And David and all the people returned to Jerusalem.
RV And he brought forth the people that were therein, and cut them with saws, and with harrows of iron, and with axes. And thus did David unto all the cities of the children of Ammon. And David and all the people returned to Jerusalem.
WBS And he brought out the people that were in it, and cut them with saws, and with harrows of iron, and with axes. Even so David dealt with all the cities of the children of Ammon. And David and all the people returned to Jerusalem.
KJB-1769 And he brought out the people that were in it, and cut them with saws, and with harrows of iron, and with axes. Even so dealt David with all the cities of the children of Ammon. And David and all the people returned to Jerusalem.
(And he brought out the people that were in it, and cut them with saws, and with harrows of iron, and with axes. Even so dealt David with all the cities of the children of Ammon. And David and all the people returned to Yerusalem. )
KJB-1611 No KJB-1611 1CH book available
BB And he brought out the people that were in it, and tormented them with sawes and harrowes of iron, and with other sharpe instrumentes, and so dealt Dauid with all the cities of the children of Ammon: And Dauid and all the people came againe to Hierusalem.
(And he brought out the people that were in it, and tormented them with sawes and harrowes of iron, and with other sharpe instrumentes, and so dealt Dauid with all the cities of the children of Ammon: And Dauid and all the people came again to Yerusalem.)
GNV And he caryed away the people that were in it, and cut them with sawes, and with harowes of yron, and with axes: euen thus did Dauid with all the cities of the children of Ammon. Then Dauid and all the people came againe to Ierusalem.
(And he caryed away the people that were in it, and cut them with sawes, and with harowes of yron, and with axes: even thus did Dauid with all the cities of the children of Ammon. Then Dauid and all the people came again to Yerusalem. )
CB As for the people that were therin, he broughte the forth, & parted them in sunder wt sawes, & hokes & betels of yron. Thus dyd Dauid vnto all ye cities of the childre of Ammon. And Dauid departed againe, with the people vnto Ierusalem.
(As for the people that were therin, he broughte the forth, and parted them in sunder with sawes, and hokes and betels of yron. Thus did Dauid unto all ye/you_all cities of the children of Ammon. And Dauid departed again, with the people unto Yerusalem.)
WYC Sotheli he ledde out the puple that was therynne, and made breris, `ethir instrumentis bi whiche cornes ben brokun, and sleddis, and irone charis, to passe on hem, so that alle men weren kit in to dyuerse partis, and weren al to-brokun; Dauid dide thus to alle the `cytees of the sones of Amon, and turnede ayen with al his puple in to Jerusalem.
(Truly he led out the people that was therynne, and made breris, `ethir instrumentis by which cornes been brokun, and sleddis, and irone charis, to pass on them, so that all men were kit in to dyuerse parts, and were all to-brokun; Dauid did thus to all the `cytees of the sons of Amon, and turned ayen with all his people in to Yerusalem.)
LUT Aber das Volk drinnen führete er heraus und teilte sie mit Sägen und eisernen Haken und Keilen. Also tat David allen Städten der Kinder Ammon. Und David zog samt dem Volk wieder gen Jerusalem.
(But the people drinnen führete he heraus and teilte they/she/them with Sägen and eisernen Haken and Keilen. So tat David all Städten the children Ammon. And David pulled samt to_him people again gen Yerusalem.)
CLV populum autem, qui erat in ea, eduxit, et fecit super eos tribulas, et trahas, et ferrata carpenta transire, ita ut dissecarentur et contererentur. Sic fecit David cunctis urbibus filiorum Ammon: et reversus est cum omni populo suo in Jerusalem.
(populum however, who was in ea, eduxit, and fecit over them tribulas, and trahas, and ferrata carpenta transire, ita as dissecarentur and contererentur. So fecit David cunctis urbibus of_children Ammon: and reversus it_is when/with all populo his_own in Yerusalem. )
BRN And he brought out the people that were in it, and sawed them asunder with saws, and cut them with iron axes, and with harrows: and thus David did to all the children of Ammon. And David and all his people returned to Jerusalem.
BrLXX καὶ τὸν λαὸν τὸν ἐν αὐτῇ ἐξήγαγεν καὶ διέπρισεν πρίοσιν καὶ ἐν σκεπάρνοις σιδηροῖς, καὶ οὕτως ἐποίησεν Δαυεὶδ τοῖς παισὶν υἱοῖς Ἀμμών· καὶ ἀνέστρεψεν Δαυεὶδ καὶ πᾶς ὁ λαὸς αὐτοῦ εἰς Ἰερουσαλήμ.
(kai ton laon ton en autaʸ exaʸgagen kai dieprisen priosin kai en skeparnois sidaʸrois, kai houtōs epoiaʸsen Daueid tois paisin huiois Ammōn; kai anestrepsen Daueid kai pas ho laos autou eis Ierousalaʸm. )
UTN uW Translation Notes:
Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / synecdoche
(Occurrence 0) He brought out
(Some words not found in UHB: and=DOM the,people which/who in/on/at/with,it brought_out and,set in/on/at/with,saws and,in/on/at/with,picks the,iron and,in/on/at/with,axes and=thus/so/as_follows he/it_made/did Dāvid to=all/each/any/every cities sons_of ˊAmmōn and,returned Dāvid and=all the,people Yərūshālayim/(Jerusalem) )
The word “He” refers to David, but also refers to David’s soldiers who helped David do this.
(Occurrence 0) forced them to work with saws and iron picks and axes
(Some words not found in UHB: and=DOM the,people which/who in/on/at/with,it brought_out and,set in/on/at/with,saws and,in/on/at/with,picks the,iron and,in/on/at/with,axes and=thus/so/as_follows he/it_made/did Dāvid to=all/each/any/every cities sons_of ˊAmmōn and,returned Dāvid and=all the,people Yərūshālayim/(Jerusalem) )
These terms describe difficult manual labor that the defeated people were forced to do.
Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy
(Occurrence 0) David required all the cities of the people
(Some words not found in UHB: and=DOM the,people which/who in/on/at/with,it brought_out and,set in/on/at/with,saws and,in/on/at/with,picks the,iron and,in/on/at/with,axes and=thus/so/as_follows he/it_made/did Dāvid to=all/each/any/every cities sons_of ˊAmmōn and,returned Dāvid and=all the,people Yərūshālayim/(Jerusalem) )
The people are referred to by their city. Alternate translation: “David required all the peoples of the cities”
BMM BibleMapper.com Maps:
2 Samuel 8:1-8; 10:1-19; 12:21-31; 1 Chronicles 18:2-11; 19:1-19; 20:1-3
The accounts of David’s greatest military victories stand like bookends around the record of David’s most grievous sins. Sometime after David brought the Ark of the Covenant into Jerusalem and the Lord promised to establish his dynasty over Israel, David achieved a series of victories over virtually all of Israel’s neighboring nations. These began with David’s capture of Metheg-ammah (likely Gath) and all of Philistia and was followed by his victory over Moab. Then Nahash king of Ammon died, and David sent envoys to express his condolences to Nahash’s son Hanun, who had now become king. Hanun, however, intentionally humiliated David’s envoys, shaving off half their beards and cutting off the bottom half of their garments before sending them back to Israel. When David heard of it, he sent word to his envoys to remain at Jericho until their beards grew back. In the meantime, the Ammonites called upon several Aramean nations to help them fight against Israel, which was likely their original intent for humiliating David’s envoys. Warriors came from Beth-rehob and Zobah, which lay between Israel and Hamath farther north, as well as from Maacah (see “Geshur and Maacah” map) and Tob. The writer of 1 Chronicles also notes that soldiers came from Mesopotamia as well. David sent his commander Joab to fight this coalition at Rabbah. The writer of 1 Chronicles consistently speaks of the battle occurring at Medeba, rather than Rabbah, but the town of Medeba south of Heshbon seems an unlikely location for the battle. Perhaps Rabbah was also referred to at times as Medeba. In any case, Joab and his brother Abishai divided their forces into two groups, with Joab leading the fight against the Arameans to the north and Abishai leading the fight against the Ammonites just outside the gates of Rabbah. As Joab advanced, the Arameans fled, which in turn led the Ammonites to retreat behind the walls of Rabbah. After this Joab (and probably his forces) returned home to Israel. But the Arameans regrouped and added more troops from Aramean nations beyond the Euphrates River. David met them in battle at Helam (likely modern Alma) and won a great victory over them, even killing their commander Shobah (or Shophach). After this the Arameans made peace with Israel. Sometime later David also subjugated the Edomites, who lived to the south of Moab. It was likely sometime after this that David engaged in adultery with the wife of Uriah, one of his own valiant warriors (see “David’s Mighty Men” map), and then he tried to cover up his sin by arranging for Uriah’s death in battle. His sin was later exposed by Nathan the prophet, and David repented. After this Joab returned to Rabbah to finish capturing the city, and when victory was close at hand he called for David to come and finish taking the city. Thus the Ammonites became subject to Israel as well. From all these conquered nations David took many spoils and dedicated them to the Lord’s service, including great amounts of bronze from the towns of Tebah (also called Betah and Tibhath), Berothai, and Cun.
The Battle with the Ammonites and the Arameans
The Battle with the Arameans
2 Samuel 8:1-8; 10:1-19; 12:21-31; 1 Chronicles 18:2-11; 19:1-19; 20:1-3
The accounts of David’s greatest military victories stand like bookends around the record of David’s most grievous sins. Sometime after David brought the Ark of the Covenant into Jerusalem and the Lord promised to establish his dynasty over Israel, David achieved a series of victories over virtually all of Israel’s neighboring nations. These began with David’s capture of Metheg-ammah (likely Gath) and all of Philistia and was followed by his victory over Moab. Then Nahash king of Ammon died, and David sent envoys to express his condolences to Nahash’s son Hanun, who had now become king. Hanun, however, intentionally humiliated David’s envoys, shaving off half their beards and cutting off the bottom half of their garments before sending them back to Israel. When David heard of it, he sent word to his envoys to remain at Jericho until their beards grew back. In the meantime, the Ammonites called upon several Aramean nations to help them fight against Israel, which was likely their original intent for humiliating David’s envoys. Warriors came from Beth-rehob and Zobah, which lay between Israel and Hamath farther north, as well as from Maacah (see “Geshur and Maacah” map) and Tob. The writer of 1 Chronicles also notes that soldiers came from Mesopotamia as well. David sent his commander Joab to fight this coalition at Rabbah. The writer of 1 Chronicles consistently speaks of the battle occurring at Medeba, rather than Rabbah, but the town of Medeba south of Heshbon seems an unlikely location for the battle. Perhaps Rabbah was also referred to at times as Medeba. In any case, Joab and his brother Abishai divided their forces into two groups, with Joab leading the fight against the Arameans to the north and Abishai leading the fight against the Ammonites just outside the gates of Rabbah. As Joab advanced, the Arameans fled, which in turn led the Ammonites to retreat behind the walls of Rabbah. After this Joab (and probably his forces) returned home to Israel. But the Arameans regrouped and added more troops from Aramean nations beyond the Euphrates River. David met them in battle at Helam (likely modern Alma) and won a great victory over them, even killing their commander Shobah (or Shophach). After this the Arameans made peace with Israel. Sometime later David also subjugated the Edomites, who lived to the south of Moab. It was likely sometime after this that David engaged in adultery with the wife of Uriah, one of his own valiant warriors (see “David’s Mighty Men” map), and then he tried to cover up his sin by arranging for Uriah’s death in battle. His sin was later exposed by Nathan the prophet, and David repented. After this Joab returned to Rabbah to finish capturing the city, and when victory was close at hand he called for David to come and finish taking the city. Thus the Ammonites became subject to Israel as well. From all these conquered nations David took many spoils and dedicated them to the Lord’s service, including great amounts of bronze from the towns of Tebah (also called Betah and Tibhath), Berothai, and Cun.
The Battle with the Ammonites and the Arameans
The Battle with the Arameans