UBS Hebrew Dictionary Article

Notes: Passage: OET JOB 34:25
RSV "overturns (them in the night)" (cf. NRSV NIV REB CEV GNT) | NJPS "(night) is over"

Form 1

Part of speech: vb

Related lemmas: הֵפֶךְ · הֲפֵכָה · הֲפַכְפַּךְ · מַהְפֵּכָה · מַהְפֶּכֶת · תַּהְפֻּכֹות

Sense 1: to turn, to turn around, to turn back

Semantic domains: Turn (002002001019)

Definition: = action by which humans turn their body around in order to face a different direction than before

Forms: vbqal-; vbnif-

Show passage in OET: JOS 7:8

OET-RV JOS 7:8

8 Please, my master, what can I say now that we have had to flee in shame from our enemies?

OET-LV JOS 7:8

8 Pardon _me my_master what will _I _say after that Yisrā^ʼēl/(Israel) it _has _turned a _neck to_(the)_face _of/in _front _of/before enemies _of_its.

Show passage in OET: JOS 8:20

OET-RV JOS 8:20

20 When the men from Ay turned and looked behind them, the smoke from their city was going up into the sky, but they had nowhere to escape to. Then Yehoshua’s men who’d been fleeing towards the wilderness turned back around towards their pursuers

OET-LV JOS 8:20

20 And_ the _men _of (the)_ˊAy _they _turned behind_them and_they _saw and_BEHOLD/LO/SEE the _smoke _of the_city it _went _up to_the_heavens and_not it _was in/among_them hands to_flee hither and_hither and_the_people which_was_fleeing the_wilderness it _turned _back against the_pursuer[s].

Jump to OET JOS 7:8 section.

Jump to OET JOS 8:20 section.

All 9 recorded passages for this sense

JOS: OET JOS 7:8 · OET JOS 8:20

JDG: OET JDG 20:39 · OET JDG 20:41

SA1: OET SA1 25:12

KI2: OET KI2 5:26

CH2: OET CH2 9:12

PSA: OET PSA 78:9

EZE: OET EZE 4:8

Sense 2: to overturn

Semantic domains: Turn (002002001019)

Definition: = causative action by which humans or deities turn an object upside down

Forms: vbqal-

Show passage in OET: KI2 21:13

OET-RV KI2 21:13

13 I’ll use the same tape measure for Yerushalem that I used for Shomron (Samaria), and I’ll use the same plumb line that I used for Ahav’s extended family. I’ll wipe Yerushalem away, just like someone dries a bowl—they wipe it dry and then turn it upside down.

OET-LV KI2 21:13

13 And_I _will _stretch _out over Yərūshālaim/(Jerusalem) DOM the _measuring-line _of Shomrōn and_DOM the _levelling _tool _of the _house _of ʼAḩʼāⱱ and_I _will _wipe _clean DOM Yərūshālaim/(Jerusalem) just_as someone _wipes _clean DOM the_bowl he _wipes_it_clean and_he _turns_it_over on face _of_its.

Show passage in OET: HOS 7:8

OET-RV HOS 7:8

8 Efrayim (Ephraim)/Yisrael (Israel) mixes itself among the peoples.
⇔ Efrayim is a flat cake that’s only been cooked on one side.

OET-LV HOS 7:8

8 ʼEfrayim among_peoples he he _mixes _himself ʼEfrayim he _has _become a _bread _cake not turned _over.

Jump to OET KI2 21:13 section.

Jump to OET HOS 7:8 section.

Sense 3: to overturn

Semantic domains: Turn (002002001019); Impact (002001001023)

Definition: = causative action by which forces or deities forcefully remove an object from its place and turn it upside down, which implies destruction

Forms: vbqal-

Show passage in OET: JDG 7:13

OET-RV JDG 7:13

13 When Gid’on got close, a man was telling his companion about his dream. “Listen,” he said, “I had a dream and wow, a round loaf of barley bread was tumbling into our camp. It came as far as the tent and struck it so that it fell and turned it upside down, and collapsed completely.”

OET-LV JDG 7:13

13 And_ Gidˊōn _he _came and_BEHOLD/LO/SEE a _man was_recounting to_neighbour _of_his a _dream and_he/it _said HERE a _dream I _have _dreamed and_BEHOLD/LO/SEE a _round _loaf _of of _bread _of barley(s) was_tumbling in_the _camp _of Midyān and_it _came to the_tent and_it_struck _it and_it _fell and_it_overturned _it (to)_upwards_on and_ the_tent _it _fell.

Show passage in OET: JOB 9:5

OET-RV JOB 9:5

5 He takes down mountains and they don’t even know who is overturning them with his anger.

OET-LV JOB 9:5

5 The_one_who_removes mountains and_not they _know the_one_who he_overturns _them in_anger _of_his.

Jump to OET JDG 7:13 section.

Jump to OET JOB 9:5 section.

All 3 recorded passages for this sense

JDG: OET JDG 7:13

JOB: OET JOB 9:5 · OET JOB 28:9

Sense 4: to turn (a chariot)

Semantic domains: Turn (002002001019)

Definition: literally: to turn (one's) hand(s); hence: = causative action by which a charioteer causes his vehicle to turn around giving a firm pull on the reins of the horse

Forms: vbqal-

Collocations: הפך יָד

Show passage in OET: KI1 22:34

OET-RV KI1 22:34

34 But one man casually shot an arrow with his and it struck Yisrael’s king between the plates of his body armour, and he called to his chariot driver, “Turn around and get me out of the battle because I’ve been wounded.”

OET-LV KI1 22:34

34 And_someone he _drew on_bow to_innocence _of_his and_he _struck DOM the _king _of Yisrā^ʼēl/(Israel) between the_scales and_between the _body_armour and_he/it _said to_charioteer _of_his turn _around hand _of_your and_take_me _out from the_camp if/because I _have _been _wounded.

Show passage in OET: KI2 9:23

OET-RV KI2 9:23

23 Then Yoram swung the chariot reigns around and fled, shouting to Ahazyah, “It’s treason, Ahazyah!”

OET-LV KI2 9:23

23 And_ Yəhōrām _he _turned _around hands _of_his and_he _fled and_he/it _said to ʼAḩaz^yāh treachery Oh _ʼAḩaz^yāh.

Jump to OET KI1 22:34 section.

Jump to OET KI2 9:23 section.

All 3 recorded passages for this sense

KI1: OET KI1 22:34

KI2: OET KI2 9:23

CH2: OET CH2 18:33

Sense 5: to turn, to whirl, to swirl around

Semantic domains: Turn (002002001019); Move (002002001011)

Definition: = process by which objects move into a certain direction while turning around their axis

Forms: vbhit-

Show passage in OET: GEN 3:24

OET-RV GEN 3:24

24 After he expelled them, he placed sentries on the east side of the garden in Eden, as well as a fiery sword that swung around in every direction to guard the path to the tree of life.

OET-LV GEN 3:24

24 And_he/it _drove _out DOM the_humankind and_he/it _made _stay/reside from_east to/for_garden of _ˊĒden DOM the_cherubims and_DOM the _flame _of the_sword/knife the_tumbling to_guard/protect DOM the _way _of the _tree _of the_life.

Show passage in OET: JDG 7:13

OET-RV JDG 7:13

OET-LV JDG 7:13

Jump to OET GEN 3:24 section.

Jump to OET JDG 7:13 section.

All 3 recorded passages for this sense

GEN: OET GEN 3:24

JDG: OET JDG 7:13

JOB: OET JOB 37:12

Sense 6: to change

Semantic domains: Change (002001003002)

Definition: = process by which events take on a different nature

Forms: vbnif-

Show passage in OET: EXO 14:5

OET-RV EXO 14:5

5 When the king of Mitsrayim (Egypt) was told that the Israelis had fled, he and his servants started thinking about their own people and they asked, “What have we done by letting the Israeli slaves go free?”

OET-LV EXO 14:5

5 And_it _was _told to_the _king _of Miʦrayim if/because _that the_people it _had _fled and_ the _heart _of Parˊoh and_servants _of_his _it _was _changed to the_people and_they _said what this have _we _done that/for/because/then/when we _have _let _go DOM Yisrā^ʼēl/(Israel) from_serving_us.

Show passage in OET: EST 9:1

OET-RV EST 9:1

9 Finally when the 13th of March arrived, it was time for everyone to do what the letters from the king said that he had decreed for them to do. The enemies of the Yehudim (Jews) had expected to destroy the Yehudim on that day but just the opposite happened—instead, it was the Yehudim who destroyed their enemies.

OET-LV EST 9:1

9 And_in_two _plus ten month that is_the _month _of Adar on_thir- teen day in/on/over_him/it when the _message _of the_king and_law _of_his it _approached to_be _done in _the_day when the _enemies _of the _Yəhūdī they _had _hoped to_gain _power (is)_in_them and_ it _it _was _reversed that the_Yəhūdī they they _gained _power over_those _of_who_hated _them.

Jump to OET EXO 14:5 section.

Jump to OET EST 9:1 section.

All 8 recorded passages for this sense

EXO: OET EXO 14:5

EST: OET EST 9:1 · OET EST 9:22

PSA: OET PSA 32:4

LAM: OET LAM 1:20 · OET LAM 5:15

DAN: OET DAN 10:8

HOS: OET HOS 11:8

Sense 7: to change

Semantic domains: Change (002001003002)

Definition: = causative process by which humans or deities give events a different nature

Forms: vbqal-

Show passage in OET: DEU 23:6

OET-RV DEU 23:5

5 However, your god Yahweh took no notice of Bil’am and turned the curse into a blessing because he loves you,

OET-LV DEU 23:6

6  And_not YHWH god _of_your he _was _willing to_listen to Bilˊām and_ YHWH god _of_your _he _turned for_you DOM the_curse into_blessing if/because he_loved _you YHWH god _of_your.

Show passage in OET: NEH 13:2

OET-RV NEH 13:2

2 because instead of helping the travelling Israelis with food and water, they had hired Bil’am (Balaam) to curse them (even though God had turned that curse into blessing).

OET-LV NEH 13:2

2 If/because not they _had _met DOM the _people _of Yisrā^ʼēl/(Israel) with_food and_with_water and_he _had _hired on/upon/above_him/it DOM Bilˊām to_curse_it and_ god _of_our _he _turned the_curse into_blessing.

Jump to OET DEU 23:5 section.

Jump to OET NEH 13:2 section.

All 13 recorded passages for this sense

DEU: OET DEU 23:5

NEH: OET NEH 13:2

JOB: OET JOB 34:25

PSA: OET PSA 30:11 · OET PSA 41:3 · OET PSA 105:25

JER: OET JER 23:36 · OET JER 31:13

AMO: OET AMO 5:7–8 · OET AMO 6:12 · OET AMO 8:10

ZEP: OET ZEP 3:9

Sense 8: to punish

Semantic domains: Chastise (002003002006)

Definition: literally: to turn (one's) hand (to); hence: = action by which deities punish humans

Forms: vbqal-

Collocations: הפך יָד

Show passage in OET: LAM 3:3

OET-RV LAM 3:3

3 He certainly turned against me—he put the screws on me all day.

OET-LV LAM 3:3

3 Surely on_me he _returned he _turned his/its_hand all _of the_day.

Jump to OET LAM 3:3 section.

Sense 9: to change, to turn into, to become

Semantic domains: Different (002001001020)

Core domains: Similarity and Difference (160)

Definition: = process by which humans, deities, or objects take on a different nature, character, or form

Forms: vbnif-; vbqal-; vbhit-

Show passage in OET: EXO 7:15

OET-RV EXO 7:15

15 So go to Par’oh. Listen, every morning he goes down to the river, so station yourself to meet him on the bank. Take the staff with you that turned into a snake,

OET-LV EXO 7:15

15 Go to Parˊoh in_morning THERE he_is_going _out to_the_water and_you _will _stand to_meet_him on the _bank _of the _River and_the_staff which it _was _changed into_a _snake you _will _take in_hand _of_your.

Show passage in OET: EXO 7:17

OET-RV EXO 7:17

17 so Yahweh says, “Now you will know that I am Yahweh because of this: See, I’m about to use my staff to strike the water in the Nile and it will turn to blood

OET-LV EXO 7:17

17 Thus YHWH he _says by_this you _will _know if/because _that I am_YHWH HERE I am_about _to _strike with_staff which is_in_hand _of_my (on) the_waters which is_in_River and_they _will _be _changed into_blood.

Jump to OET EXO 7:15 section.

Jump to OET EXO 7:17 section.

All 24 recorded passages for this sense

EXO: OET EXO 7:15 · OET EXO 7:17 · OET EXO 7:20

LEV: OET LEV 13:3–4 · OET LEV 13:13 · OET LEV 13:16–17 · OET LEV 13:20 · OET LEV 13:25

SA1: OET SA1 10:6

JOB: OET JOB 19:19 · OET JOB 20:14 · OET JOB 28:5 · OET JOB 30:21 · OET JOB 38:14 · OET JOB 41:28

PSA: OET PSA 78:57

PRO: OET PRO 17:20

ISA: OET ISA 34:9 · OET ISA 63:10

JER: OET JER 2:21 · OET JER 30:6

JOL: OET JOL 2:31

Sense 10: to change, to turn into

Semantic domains: Different (002001001020)

Core domains: Similarity and Difference (160)

Definition: = causative process by which humans, deities, or forces give (other) humans or objects a different nature, character, or form

Forms: vbqal-

Show passage in OET: EXO 10:19

OET-RV EXO 10:19

19 and Yahweh caused a very strong sea wind. The wind carried away the locusts and drove them into the Red Sea—not a single locust remained anywhere in Mitsri territory.

OET-LV EXO 10:19

19 And_ YHWH _he _turned a _wind _of west strong very and_it _carried _away DOM the_locust[s] and_it_blew _it sea _of_towards_the reed[s] not a _locust one it _remained in_all _of the _territory _of Miʦrayim.

Show passage in OET: LEV 13:10

OET-RV LEV 13:10

10 to be examined. If it’s a white spot on the skin and the hair has turned white, and there’s raw flesh visible in the swelling,

OET-LV LEV 13:10

10 And_ the_priest/officer _he _will _see and_BEHOLD/LO/SEE a _swelling _of white is_in_skin and_she it _has _turned the_hair white and_a _raw _spot _of flesh living is_in_swelling.

Jump to OET EXO 10:19 section.

Jump to OET LEV 13:10 section.

All 8 recorded passages for this sense

EXO: OET EXO 10:19

LEV: OET LEV 13:10

SA1: OET SA1 10:9

PSA: OET PSA 66:6 · OET PSA 78:44 · OET PSA 105:29 · OET PSA 114:8

JER: OET JER 13:23

Sense 11: to change (its) appearance

Semantic domains: Different (002001001020)

Core domains: Similarity and Difference (160)

Definition: literally: to change (its) appearance; hence: = process by which an object starts to look differently

Forms: vbqal-

Collocations: הפך עַיִן

Show passage in OET: LEV 13:55

OET-RV LEV 13:55

55 On the seventh day, the priest must inspect that washed material, and if the growth hasn’t changed its appearance, even if it hasn’t spread, then it’s ‘unclean’ and must be burnt in the fire—it’s a mildew that’s on the front or back of the material.

OET-LV LEV 13:55