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Key: khaki:verbs.
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BrLXXΚαὶ κατέστρεψε τὰς πόλεις ταύτας, καὶ πᾶσαν τὴν περίχωρον, καὶ πάντας τοὺς κατοικοῦντας ἐν ταῖς πόλεσι, καὶ τὰ ἀνατέλλοντα ἐκ τῆς γῆς. (Kai katestrepse tas poleis tautas, kai pasan taʸn periⱪōron, kai pantas tous katoikountas en tais polesi, kai ta anatellonta ek taʸs gaʸs. )
BrTrAnd he overthrew these cities, and all the country round about, and all that dwelt in the cities, and the plants springing out of the ground.
ULTand he overthrew those cities and all of the plain, including all the inhabitants of the cities and the vegetation of the ground.
USTIn that way, he completely destroyed those two cities and the rest of the valley, including everyone who lived in the cities and all the plants in the area.
BSBThus He destroyed these cities and the entire plain, including all the inhabitants of the cities and everything that grew on the ground.
OEBand he destroyed those cities and all the plain, with all the people who lived in it and all that grew on the ground.
WEBBEHe overthrew those cities, all the plain, all the inhabitants of the cities, and that which grew on the ground.
NETSo he overthrew those cities and all that region, including all the inhabitants of the cities and the vegetation that grew from the ground.
LSVand He overthrows these cities, and all the circuit, and all the inhabitants of the cities, and that which is shooting up from the ground.
FBVHe completely destroyed the towns and all their inhabitants, the whole valley and everything growing there.
T4TIn that way, he destroyed those cities and all the people who were living in those cities. He also destroyed everything in the valley, including all the plants/vegetation.
LEBAnd he overthrew those cities and the whole plain, and the inhabitants of the cities and the vegetation of the ground.
BBEAnd he sent destruction on those towns, with all the lowland and all the people of those towns and every green thing in the land.
JPSand He overthrow those cities, and all the Plain, and all the inhabitants of the cities, and that which grew upon the ground.
ASVand he overthrew those cities, and all the Plain, and all the inhabitants of the cities, and that which grew upon the ground.
DRAAnd he destroyed these cities, and all the country about, all the inhabitants of the cities, and all things that spring from the earth.
YLTand He overthroweth these cities, and all the circuit, and all the inhabitants of the cities, and that which is shooting up from the ground.
Drbyand overthrew those cities, and all the plain, and all the inhabitants of the cities, and what grew upon the ground.
RVand he overthrew those cities, and all the Plain, and all the inhabitants of the cities, and that which grew upon the ground.
WbstrAnd he overthrew those cities, and all the plain, and all the inhabitants of the cities, and that which grew upon the ground.
KJB-1769And he overthrew those cities, and all the plain, and all the inhabitants of the cities, and that which grew upon the ground.
KJB-1611And he ouerthrew those cities, and all the plaine, and all the inhabitants of the cities, and that which grew vpon the ground. (And he ouerthrew those cities, and all the plain, and all the inhabitants of the cities, and that which grew upon the ground.)
BshpsAnd ouerthrewe those cities, and all that plaine region, and all that dwelled in the cities, and that that grewe vpon the earth. (And ouerthrewe those cities, and all that plain region, and all that dwelled in the cities, and that that grewe upon the earth.)
GnvaAnd ouerthrewe those cities and all the plaine, and all the inhabitants of the cities; and that that grewe vpon the earth. (And ouerthrewe those cities and all the plain, and all the inhabitants of the cities; and that that grewe upon the earth. )
Cvdland ouerthrew those cities, the whole region, and all that dwelt in the cities, and that that grew vpon the earth. (and ouerthrew those cities, the whole region, and all that dwelt in the cities, and that that grew upon the earth.)
Wycland distriede these citees, and al the cuntrey aboute; he destriede alle enhabiters of citees, and all grene thingis of erthe. (and destroyed these cities, and all the country about; he destroyede all enhabiters of cities, and all grene things of earth.)
LuthUnd kehrete die Städte um, die ganze Gegend und alle Einwohner der Städte, und was auf dem Lande gewachsen war. (And returned the cities um, the ganze Gegend and all Einwohner the/of_the Städte, and what/which on to_him land gewachsen was.)
ClVget subvertit civitates has, et omnem circa regionem, universos habitatores urbium, et cuncta terræ virentia.[fn] (and subvertit civitates has, and omnem circa regionem, universos habitatores urbium, and cuncta terræ virentia. )
19.25Universos habitatores. ALC. Infantes cum parentibus in Sodomis cremati sunt, ne posset adverti impiissimum facinus Sodomitarum, si de origine eorum aliquod remaneret vestigium. Et provisum est illis, ne diu viventes sequerentur exempla patrum et gravius punirentur. Parentes quoque tam pro se quam pro eis rei sunt. Mors enim filiorum crimen est parentum. Ideo futuri sunt accusatores eorum. Est etiam qualecunque beneficium, non reum esse, qui gloriosus non est; prodest enim pauperem non esse, qui rex esse non potest.
19.25Universos habitatores. ALC. Infantes when/with parentibus in Sodomis cremati are, not posset adverti impiissimum facinus Sodomitarum, when/but_if about origine their alithat remaneret vestigium. And provisum it_is to_them, not diu viventes sequerentur exempla patrum and gravius punirentur. Parentes too tam for se how for to_them rei are. Mors because of_children crimen it_is parentum. Ideo futuri are accusatores their. Est also qualecunque beneficium, not/no reum esse, who gloriosus not/no est; prodest because pauperem not/no esse, who king esse not/no potest.
19:1-38 The Canaanites were an evil, corrupting people. God judged their morally bankrupt civilization and warned others against becoming like them. It was difficult to get Lot and his family out of Sodom; it was more difficult to get Sodom out of Lot and his family. This chapter helped later Israelites to understand the moral and spiritual threat of the peoples living in and around the Promised Land, such as the Canaanites and Lot’s descendants, the Moabites and the Ammonites (see Num 22–25; Deut 23:3-6; Josh 24:9; Judg 10:7-9; 11:4-5; 1 Sam 10:27; 1 Kgs 11:1-3; 2 Kgs 24:2).
Consider whether or not it is better in your language to begin a new sentence here. See how you translated a phrase with a similar meaning (“swept away”) in verses 15 and 17. Alternate translation: “and (so) Yahweh completely destroyed” or “In that way, Yahweh completely destroyed ” or “That is how Yahweh completely destroyed”
וְאֵ֖ת כָּל הַכִּכָּ֑ר
and=DOM all/each/any/every the,plain
Make sure it is clear in your translation that the cities of Sodom and Gomorrah were also in the plain/valley, not separate from it. Alternate translation: “and the whole valley,” or “and the rest of the plain”
וְאֵת֙ כָּל יֹשְׁבֵ֣י הֶעָרִ֔ים
and=DOM all/each/any/every inhabitants the,cities
This phrase refers to Sodom and Gomorrah and at least two other cities in the valley (Deuteronomy 29:23). Alternate translation: “including all the people who lived in the cities of that valley” or “including everyone who lived in the cities there”
וְצֶ֖מַח
and,what_grew
Alternate translation: “and even all the plants”
וְצֶ֖מַח הָאֲדָמָֽה
and,what_grew the=soil
Alternate translation: “that were growing on the land.” or “of the area”
Author’s note: This article assumes that Sodom, Gomorrah, and Bela (Zoar) were located at Bab edh-Dhra, Numeira, and Khirbat ash-Sheikh `Isa, respectively. The exact locations of the cities of the plain are widely debated, with the primary dispute centering around whether the cities are to be found in the northern area of the Dead Sea (since Lot headed east from Bethel [Genesis 13]) or the southern area (as the Medeba Map shows). It is beyond the scope of this article to present all the evidence to support a southern location, but many of them are well summarized here: “The Discovery of the Sin Cities of Sodom and Gomorrah.” In addition, Eusebius in his Onomasticon describes the Dead Sea as lying between Jericho and Zoar. This author has also recently found that Eusebius notes that Nebereim (Nimrim; see Isaiah 15:6 and Jeremiah 48:34) is located at a village called Bennamareim (likely the site of Gomorrah on this map), which he also says is north of Zoar. Thus, if Eusebius is correct, Zoar is clearly located in the southern area of the Dead Sea, which fits very well with the location shown on this map. Also, Lot’s relocation to Sodom after moving east to the plain of the Jordan suggests that Sodom was located on the east side of the Dead Sea.
The famous cities of Sodom and Gomorrah are first mentioned in Genesis 10:19 in a description of the territory of the Canaanites. The cities are mentioned again in chapter 13, which notes that while Abraham (then called Abram) was living near Bethel (also called Luz), tension began to grow between Abraham’s herders and the herders working for Abraham’s nephew Lot. To resolve the problem, Abraham suggested that he and Lot permanently part ways, and he offered Lot first choice of where to live. Lot chose to move east to the plain of the Jordan, because the land was well watered, and he eventually settled in the city of Sodom. Genesis 14 then describes how Lot was captured by four Mesopotamian kings as they attacked the cities of the plain, but Abraham rescued Lot. Sometime after this Abraham moved to the oaks of Mamre, near Hebron, and three visitors (one of whom is later called “the Lord,” and the other two “angels”) approached his tent. Abraham invited them to share a meal with him and then later accompanied them for the first part of their journey. Along the way the visitors revealed to Abraham that they were going to Sodom to destroy it for its wickedness. Abraham appealed to the Lord to spare the city if even a few righteous lived there, and the Lord agreed and went his way. The two angels arrived at Sodom in the evening (Genesis 19:1), presumably the same day they left, although perhaps they actually took more than one day to travel to Sodom, because the distance from Mamre to Sodom is over 35 miles (56 km), and Scripture does not specifically note that it was the same day. The events that followed that evening are well known, and in the morning the angels compelled Lot and his family to flee the city before it was destroyed. The angels instructed them to flee to the hills, but Lot convinced them to allow him to take refuge in a small village on the plain and not destroy it. Genesis 19:23 seems to suggest that it took Lot’s family a full day and night to reach Zoar, which fits well with the 16 mile (25 km) distance from Sodom to Zoar. As they were reaching Zoar, the Lord rained down fire and burning sulfur on Sodom, Gomorrah, Admah, and Zeboiim, completely destroying them. As Lot’s family was still fleeing, Lot’s wife looked back and turned into a pillar of salt. That same morning Abraham got up and went to where he had last spoken with the visitors, and when he looked out across the plain he saw columns of smoke rising from the destroyed cities. Later Lot and his daughters moved into the hills and lived in a cave, because they were afraid to remain in Zoar. Fearing they would never marry, Lot’s daughters both got their father drunk and conceived children by him, though he was unaware of it. These children became ancestors of the Moabites and the Ammonites.
