OET interlinear 1COR 4:9

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: grammar-connect-words-phrases

γάρ

for

Here, For introduces evidence that Paul and the other apostles are not “reigning” right now. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea behind this connection by using a contrast word such as “rather” or use a word or phrase that indicates that this sentence provides evidence that Paul is not “reigning.” Alternate translation: “Rather,” or “you could tell we are not reigning, since”

Note 2 topic: translate-unknown

δοκῶ

˱I˲_/am/_supposing

Here, I think introduces Paul’s own opinion of what he and other apostles are meant to do and experience. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea behind I thinkby using a word or phrase that introduces a person’s interpretation or opinion. Alternate translation: “in my opinion,” or “it seems to me that”

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / exclusive

ἡμᾶς & ἐγενήθημεν

us & ˱we˲_/were/_become

Here, we and us refer to Paul and his fellow apostles. It does not include the Corinthians.

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

ἡμᾶς τοὺς ἀποστόλους ἐσχάτους ἀπέδειξεν, ὡς ἐπιθανατίους

us ¬the ambassadors last demonstrated as sentenced_to_death

Here Paul uses a metaphor that identifies himself and other apostles as those who receive public humiliation and are put to death. The metaphor itself could: (1) refer to a Roman gladiatorial contest. The apostles, then, would be exhibited in the arena as part of the last event. As those who are sentenced to death, they would then die in this last event. Alternate translation: “has exhibited us apostles in the last event of the gladiatorial games, in which we are destined to die” (2) refer to a victory parade. The apostles, then, would be exhibited at the end of the parade, or last. As the last prisoners, they are sentenced to death, and will be killed soon after the parade ends. Alternate translation: “has exhibited us apostles at the end of the victory parade, in the place where prisoners who are sentenced to death march” (3) be a figure of speech that your readers would misunderstand. If this is the case, you could express the idea in nonfigurative language. Alternate translation: “has chosen us apostles to be humiliated, and we are destined to die”

Note 5 topic: translate-unknown

ἐσχάτους

last

Here, last of all could identify: (1) the time when the apostles are exhibited, which would be as the last event held in the arena. Alternate translation: “at the end” (2) the place where the apostles are exhibited, which would be at the end of the victory parade. Alternate translation: “last in line”

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

θέατρον ἐγενήθημεν τῷ κόσμῳ, καὶ ἀγγέλοις καὶ ἀνθρώποις

/a/_theatre ˱we˲_/were/_become ˱to˲_the world both ˱to˲_angels and ˱to˲_humans

Here Paul speaks as if he and other apostles were part of a gladiatorial game or a theatrical show. He speaks in this way to show that the humiliation and death he and other apostles suffer happens in public, with everyone watching to see what happens. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this figure of speech with a comparable metaphor or express the idea plainly. Alternate translation: “we live in full view of the world—both of angels and of men” or “we undergo these things publicly, before the world—both angels and men”

Note 7 topic: figures-of-speech / infostructure

τῷ κόσμῳ, καὶ ἀγγέλοις καὶ ἀνθρώποις

˱to˲_the world both ˱to˲_angels and ˱to˲_humans

This structure could mean that: (1) Paul wants to define the world as angels and men. Alternate translation: “to the world, that is, both to angels and to men” (2) Paul is listing three different things. Alternate translation: “to the world, to angels, and to men.”

Note 8 topic: figures-of-speech / gendernotations

ἀνθρώποις

˱to˲_humans

Although men is masculine, Paul is using it to refer to anyone, whether men or women. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express men with a non gendered word or refer to both genders. Alternate translation: “to men and women” or “to people”