OET interlinear 1 COR 4:5

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / explicitinfo

πρὸ καιροῦ & ἕως ἂν ἔλθῃ ὁ Κύριος

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ὥστε μή πρό καιροῦ τὶ κρίνετε ἕως ἄν ἔλθῃ ὁ Κύριος ὅς καί φωτίσει τά κρυπτά τοῦ σκότους καί φανερώσει τάς βουλάς τῶν καρδιῶν καί τότε ὁ ἔπαινος γενήσεται ἑκάστῳ ἀπό τοῦ Θεοῦ)

If the form before the time, until the Lord comes contains redundant information that would be unnatural to state in your language, you could express the idea without the redundant words. Alternate translation: [before the Lord comes] or [until the Lord comes]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / go

ἔλθῃ

˓may˒_come

Here Paul is speaking about how the Lord will “come” back to earth at some point in the future. Use a form in your language that could refer to Jesus’ return to earth. Alternate translation: [returns to the earth]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

ὃς καὶ φωτίσει τὰ κρυπτὰ τοῦ σκότους

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ὥστε μή πρό καιροῦ τὶ κρίνετε ἕως ἄν ἔλθῃ ὁ Κύριος ὅς καί φωτίσει τά κρυπτά τοῦ σκότους καί φανερώσει τάς βουλάς τῶν καρδιῶν καί τότε ὁ ἔπαινος γενήσεται ἑκάστῳ ἀπό τοῦ Θεοῦ)

Here Paul speaks as if the Lord will bring a flashlight or torch when he comes, and he will use that torch or flashlight to shine light on things that are currently hidden in the darkness. By speaking in this way, Paul means that the Lord will reveal what no person knows right now. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning of this phrase with a comparable metaphor or express the idea plainly. Alternate translation: [who will both disclose what people do not know about]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / possession

τὰ κρυπτὰ τοῦ σκότους

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ὥστε μή πρό καιροῦ τὶ κρίνετε ἕως ἄν ἔλθῃ ὁ Κύριος ὅς καί φωτίσει τά κρυπτά τοῦ σκότους καί φανερώσει τάς βουλάς τῶν καρδιῶν καί τότε ὁ ἔπαινος γενήσεται ἑκάστῳ ἀπό τοῦ Θεοῦ)

Here Paul uses the possessive form to describe things that are hidden in darkness. If the hidden things would not be understood to be in darkness in your language, you could express the idea by using a word such “in” or “within.” Alternate translation: [the things hidden in darkness]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

τὰ κρυπτὰ τοῦ σκότους

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ὥστε μή πρό καιροῦ τὶ κρίνετε ἕως ἄν ἔλθῃ ὁ Κύριος ὅς καί φωτίσει τά κρυπτά τοῦ σκότους καί φανερώσει τάς βουλάς τῶν καρδιῶν καί τότε ὁ ἔπαινος γενήσεται ἑκάστῳ ἀπό τοῦ Θεοῦ)

If your language does not use the abstract noun darkness, you can express the idea by using a word or phrase that describes something that cannot be seen because there is no light, such as “in shadow.” Alternate translation: [the hidden things in shadow] or [the things hidden where no light shines]

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / possession

τὰς βουλὰς τῶν καρδιῶν

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ὥστε μή πρό καιροῦ τὶ κρίνετε ἕως ἄν ἔλθῃ ὁ Κύριος ὅς καί φωτίσει τά κρυπτά τοῦ σκότους καί φανερώσει τάς βουλάς τῶν καρδιῶν καί τότε ὁ ἔπαινος γενήσεται ἑκάστῳ ἀπό τοῦ Θεοῦ)

Here Paul uses the possessive form to describe purposes that come from or are created in the hearts. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea behind that the purposes are located in the heartsby using a word such as “from” or “in.” Alternate translation: [the purposes in the hearts] or [the purposes from the hearts]

Note 7 topic: translate-unknown

τὰς βουλὰς

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ὥστε μή πρό καιροῦ τὶ κρίνετε ἕως ἄν ἔλθῃ ὁ Κύριος ὅς καί φωτίσει τά κρυπτά τοῦ σκότους καί φανερώσει τάς βουλάς τῶν καρδιῶν καί τότε ὁ ἔπαινος γενήσεται ἑκάστῳ ἀπό τοῦ Θεοῦ)

Here, purposes refers to how humans have specific goals in mind and plan ways of attaining those goals. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express purposes with a word such as “plans” or “intentions.” Alternate translation: [the plans] or [the intentions]

Note 8 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

τῶν καρδιῶν

˱of˲_the hearts

In Paul’s culture, hearts are the places where humans think and plan. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state clearly the place where humans think in your culture or express the idea of hearts. Alternate translation: [of the minds] or [that humans plan]

Note 9 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

ὁ ἔπαινος γενήσεται ἑκάστῳ ἀπὸ τοῦ Θεοῦ

the the praise ˓will_be˒_becoming ˱to˲_each (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ὥστε μή πρό καιροῦ τὶ κρίνετε ἕως ἄν ἔλθῃ ὁ Κύριος ὅς καί φωτίσει τά κρυπτά τοῦ σκότους καί φανερώσει τάς βουλάς τῶν καρδιῶν καί τότε ὁ ἔπαινος γενήσεται ἑκάστῳ ἀπό τοῦ Θεοῦ)

Here Paul speaks as if praise were something that could come or travel from God to humans. Paul means that God is the source of the praise that each one will receive. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning of this sentence by translating it so that God is the one who gives the praise. Alternate translation: [God will give praise to each one]

Note 10 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

ὁ ἔπαινος γενήσεται ἑκάστῳ ἀπὸ τοῦ Θεοῦ

the the praise ˓will_be˒_becoming ˱to˲_each (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ὥστε μή πρό καιροῦ τὶ κρίνετε ἕως ἄν ἔλθῃ ὁ Κύριος ὅς καί φωτίσει τά κρυπτά τοῦ σκότους καί φανερώσει τάς βουλάς τῶν καρδιῶν καί τότε ὁ ἔπαινος γενήσεται ἑκάστῳ ἀπό τοῦ Θεοῦ)

Here Paul might seem to be saying that every person will receive some praise from God. However, Paul does not mean that. Instead, he only gives the example of the person who has been faithful to God, not the example of the person who has not been faithful to God. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express why Paul uses only one example by clarifying that this example is only about those who are faithful, or you could include the opposite example about those who have been unfaithful. Alternate translation: [the praise from God will come to each faithful one] or [the praise and blame from God will come to each one]